Why did ancient Chinese emperors call themselves zhen (朕) or guaren (寡人)? Research shows that the word zhen used to be a first-person pronoun. Before the Qin Dynasty, it meant “I” or “me” and everyone from farmers to state rulers could use it. The word can be found in books like Li Sao and Shi Jing.
However, when the state of Qin defeated all the other six states and unified China, Qinshihuang, the first emperor in Chinese history, changed how this word could be used. He made it a rule that the word zhen could only be used by the emperor himself. Since then, it has been kept only for rulers.
Chinese emperors also called themselves guaren, In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the “Sons of Heaven”, and believed they had a “Mandate of Heaven” to rule. However, if the “Son of Heaven” was found to have poor morals (德行), they would lose the mandate, So, the rulers used the phrase guaren or guadezhiren, meaning “a person who doesn’t have morality”. In this way, they could show their modesty (谦虚). In Chinese culture, people should not talk proudly about their own abilities and beliefs. Modesty is seen as a virtue (美德). Ancient rulers hoped to win people’s hearts by calling themselves guaren.
However, historical records show that guaren lost its popularity after the Tang Dynasty. The emperors of the following dynasties used zhen more often.
1. Why does the writer start the passage with a question?A.To attract (吸引) readers’ interest. | B.To describe a famous person. |
C.To help readers understand an idea. | D.To tell the background of the writer. |
A.The state of Qin. | B.Chinese history. | C.The word zhen. | D.The phrase guaren. |
A.Because they were lonely. | B.Because they had poor morals. |
C.Because they were sons of heaven. | D.Because they wanted to win people’s hearts. |
A.Before the Qin Dynasty, zhen meant “I” or “me” and only rulers could use it. |
B.In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the “Sons of Heaven”. |
C.In Chinese culture, people should talk proudly about their abilities and beliefs. |
D.Historical records show that guaren was still popular after the Tang Dynasty. |
A.Art. | B.History. | C.Sports. | D.Science. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Mr. and Mrs. Smith open a small restaurant. In order to attract (吸引) customers (顾客), they put a notice in front of the restaurant. It says: “Meals on the house for three days.”
A foreign student who doesn’t know much English walks past the restaurant on the second day. It is lunchtime and he feels hungry. “Well, here is a restaurant. I’m going to have something to eat,” he says.
He sees the notice when he walks to the restaurant. “American people are really strange. They even eat dinners on the house! But how can I get onto the top of the house?” he asks himself.
He looks around and finds a ladder (梯子) against (紧靠) a tree nearby. He is very glad. But as he reaches the top, he hears someone shouting at him: “Hey, what are you doing up there?” Mr Smith looks at him angrily. Beside him is a policeman.
“Doesn’t your notice say ‘Meals on the house for three days’? Is it just a joke?” the foreign student answers.
On hearing this, both Mr Smith and the policeman laugh happily. “Do you know what On The house means?”
Do you know the meaning of On The House?
1. The story is in ______.A.England | B.Australia | C.the USA | D.Canada |
A.when the smiths start their business | B.when the Smiths put the notice |
C.when the policeman come to the restaurant | D.when it is time to have lunch |
A.have a meal | B.look around |
C.make a joke | D.shout at someone |
A.is very hungry | B.knows little about English |
C.climbs onto the top of the house | D.takes away the ladder |
A.you eat meals on the house | B.they cook meals on the house |
C.you can eat meals and pay for them on the house | D.you don’t need to pay for your meals |
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/3/27/3203644766191616/3214491338997760/STEM/9280307e53dc4d8db150882efd7a2645.png?resizew=554)
1. The poster shows the phrasal verbs about ___________.
A.cartoon | B.animals | C.movies | D.sports |
A.pig out | B.chicken out | C.duck out | D.wolf down |
A.On a map. | B.In the storybook. |
C.In a science magazine. | D.In a study note. |
If two people are very similar, you might say they are like two peas in a pod. There are several expressions about beans. If someone is very energetic, you might say she is full of beans. If you say something does not amount to a hill of beans, you mean it is of little importance. I might say you don't know beans about a subject if you do not know anything at all about it. But if you spill the beans, you tell something that was supposed to be a secret.
Potatoes are a popular food in many areas. But something is considered small potatoes if it is not important. You probably would not want to hold a hot potato in your empty hands. This also means a problem or an issue that no one wants to deal with. Someone might call you a couch potato if you sit and watch television all day and get little or no physical exercise.
Finally, let us talk about lemons. Lemons have a sour taste if you eat them plain. But lemons make a nice drink when you mix their juice with sugar and water. So here is an expression about lemons that we like: If life gives you lemons, make lemonade. This means you should always try to make the best of a bad situation.
1. Who are most probably described as two peas in a pod?
A.Lovers. | B.Partners. | C.Deskmates. | D.Twins. |
A.doesn't know beans | B.makes lemonade | C.holds a hot potato | D.is as cool as a cucumber |
A.are of little importance | B.get little or no physical exercise |
C.are interested in TV programs | D.have difficult problems to deal with |
A.The way of using vegetables and fruits. | B.The importance of vegetables and fruits. |
C.Expressions about vegetables and fruits. | D.The humor of English words and expressions. |
【推荐1】Storytelling has caught the human imagination for thousands of years. People everywhere have told stories to amuse, to teach, to remember, and just to pass the time. People started telling stories long before writing was invented.
Before people developed writing, storytelling was the most important way to pass along information. Anything a culture wanted to protect—its beliefs, its history, and its traditions—had to be told out loud. Each generation would tell the culture’s stories to the next
However, stories told aloud change over time as different people tell them. A storyteller might change a story in order to make it better. Or a teller may simply not remember all the details of a story. Unlike written stories, the spoken tradition is not created by any one person.
A.In this way the stories were passed along. |
B.In some cultures everyone would pass along the stories. |
C.Songs and poems can both make stories easier to remember. |
D.Instead, a whole culture helps shape the changing stories throughout history. |
E.Today stories are also written down in books and acted out in movies, TV shows, and plays. |
【推荐2】In China, there are 24 solar terms(节气)in a year. And there are six of them in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice(冬至), lesser cold(小寒)and greater cold.
Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. After beginning of winter, most parts of the country can start to expect cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.
Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather yet. People often start counting “nine cold periods” starting from winter solstice. Every cold period has nine days. People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.
Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start.
1. From the passage, we know that there are six solar terms in winter.2. People in northern China usually have dumplings and mutton soup on beginning of winter.
3. Heavy snow comes before light snow.
4. All Chinese are ready to celebrate the Spring Festival after greater cold.
5. The passage tells us how people celebrate the Spring Festival.
【推荐3】Dumplings are the traditional food for the Spring Festival in China.
On Spring Festival Eve, every family makes dumplings ready early. When the midnight comes, the whole family will sit together and eat the dumplings.
A.It’s my favorite festival. |
B.Dumplings with different foods in them have different meanings. |
C.Almost everyone eats them that day. |
D.The dumplings are delicious. |
E.In the old days, people thought eating dumplings could make their wishes come true. |
F.The midnight is also called “jiao zi (饺子)”. |
G.So eating the dumplings is also a way to welcome the New Year. |
Probably not. But that is what kids in Yemen (也门) are experiencing (经历). According to a report, the capital, Sana, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025.
Because of the water shortage (短缺), the Yemen government often cuts the water supply (供应). Hannan, an 18-year-girl, tells the Teens, “In a good week we’ll have a water supply all week. But then the next week there will be water only for a day or two.”
Hannan says only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from the shops or from the water trucks. Private (私人的) companies own the trucks, They travel around the city every day to sell water--- at very high prices.
“ A lot of people can’t pay for it,” she says.
The government is thinking of making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.
1. How old is Hannan?
A.She is eight. | B.She is eighteen. | C.She is seventeen. | D.She is seven. |
A.buying water from shops |
B.having enough drinking water |
C.suffering(忍受) from water shortage |
D.washing clothes with used water |
A.the people of Yemen don’t have to worry about water |
B.people in Yemen have no water to use during a bad week |
C.Sanna will have no drinking water in 10 years |
D.private companies make much money by selling water |
A.may try to make use of seawater |
B.does nothing about the water problem |
C.only cares about rich people’s lives |
D.may solve the problem soon |
A.not to use seawater | B.not to waste water |
C.to drink less water | D.to sell water to Yemen |
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/12/2977749723856896/3071887548039168/STEM/0b0ee90ed31e496484e9ad88790e0106.png?resizew=102)
A pair of tusks (长牙) is usually an advantage for elephants, allowing them to dig for water, peel bark (剥树皮) for food and protect themselves. But because of illegally hunting, those big tusks may invite danger. Now researchers are working out how years of civil war and hunting in Mozambique have led to a greater number of elephants that will never develop tusks.
During the war from 1977 to 1992, fighters on both sides killed elephants for ivory to provide fund for the war. In the Gorongosa National Park, around 90% of the elephants were killed. The survivors shared a key feature: half the females were naturally tuskless — they simply never developed tusks — while before the war, less than a fifth lacked tusks. More confusing, two-thirds of the new-born elephants were female.
Like eye color in humans, genes (基因) are responsible for this. They found that the mothers have produced the smoking-gun genes for genetic changes. They pass the changed gene to both sons and daughters, but the sons are likely to die early in development. Daughters stay by their mother, many growing tuskless.
Most people think of development as something that goes on slowly, but humans can speed it up. “When we think about natural selection, we think about it happening over hundreds, or thousands of years,” said Samuel Wasser, a scientist at the University of Washington. “The fact that tusklessness happened over 15 years is one of the most surprising findings.”
Now the scientists are studying what more tuskless elephants mean for the species (物种) and its environment. “The changes will last for at least quite a few elephant generations. If an elephant doesn’t have the tool to peel bark from trees, then what chain reactions will happen?”
1. What has happened to the elephants in Mozambique?A.Tusks have helped elephants a lot. | B.Quiet a few elephants became tuskless. |
C.Tusks protected elephants against wars. | D.Tusks became a danger to elephants. |
A.Too many female elephants. | B.No tusks of the elephants. |
C.Money needed for the war. | D.Only 10% male elephants. |
A.wrong | B.careless | C.true | D.useless |
A.Interested. | B.Pleased. | C.Disappointed. | D.Shocked. |
A.The elephants will develop more tusks as time goes by. |
B.The elephants may die from hunger with human’s activities. |
C.The elephants can be fed on themselves with scientists’ help. |
D.The elephants can change the environment in their own way. |
A. Don’t allow money to be the excuse that gets in the way of your dream. You can plan a free trip or make some money by doing a part-time job. B. Exercise will help you. I suggest you go to school by bicycle or on foot. It’s good for your health. And remember study is not the only thing you should care about. C. You should tell your friend about the problem. If he or she doesn’t mind, it’s OK. You can ask your friend to go to the repair shop with you. D. Sorry to hear that. Do you drink coffee before bed? It stops people from sleeping. Try drinking hot water or a glass of warm milk before bed. It’s also good to take a bath. E. Of course go to help! It’s true that someone hurts his helper instead of giving thanks. However, most people are thankful to those who help them when they are in trouble. F. You can write a letter to them. Also, you can give a warning by sending them a copy of the local noise rules. If nothing has worked, you can call the police. |