Tomatoes are red, the sky is blue, and bananas are yellow, right? Well, not exactly — color does not really exist (存在). What exists is light. Light is real, but color is not. It is our brain that creates color.
We’re told to trust our eyes, but our eyes have little to do with vision (视觉). We see much more with our brains. You sometimes see different colors because your brain thinks they have a different meaning. The brain does this by looking at what’s around the object. Here is an example. If you see a person wearing a white shirt against different backgrounds, your brain might express the same white color differently. Suppose this person stands in front of a bright yellow background, your brain might think the white shirt is more like gray. If the person moves to a dark blue background, the same white shirt might appear closer to a brighter color.
Color is created according to our past experiences, and sometimes there are optical illusions (视错觉). That is because your brain includes the recent history of what you saw, at least for a brief time. But if you watch the thing for a longer time, your brain may forget the recent history and see the real color.
This raises the question: Do you see what I see? The answer, in short, is no. Our past and present experiences are different. None of us even sees the world as it really is, but as a meaning that comes from our own experiences. It’s clear that seeing is not always believing.
1. What is real according to the writer?| A．Light. | B．Mind. | C．Meaning. | D．Color. |
| A．To make the text longer. | B．To make a comparison. |
| C．To support the idea. | D．To show a problem. |
| A．Color is influenced by the background of an object. |
| B．Color comes from our past experiences. |
| C．Color is changing all the time. |
| D．White is the lightest color. |
| A．Hard. | B．Simple. | C．Quick. | D．Short. |
| A．Does Color Stay the Same? | B．Is Seeing Really Believing? |
| C．Do You See What I See? | D．Is Color a Recent History? |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Choose Your Favorite to Match and Know Your Personality
If you have a red hat and want to match it with an accessory(饰品), which color would you prefer?
Color | Analysis(分析) |
Red | You’re positive and energetic. You’re hopeful for your life and look forward to achieving success no matter how many difficulties you meet. |
Grey | You’re responsible, especially at work. Even though the work is challenging, you’ll work it out yourself. |
Blue | You’re a real doer. You enjoy taking part in activities you like. You take action to carry out your plans. But you’re not good at leading a team. |
Yellow | You care about what people think of you. Because you work hard, you can achieve your goals. But you’re not good at making plans. |
| A．Red. | B．Grey. | C．Black. |
| A．He is hopeful for life but cares about what people think of him. |
| B．He enjoys taking part in activities but may not be a good team leader. |
| C．He works hard to achieve his goal and is good at carrying out his plans. |
【推荐2】We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves. Did you ever wonder how and why a leaf changes color? Where do the yellows and oranges come from? To answer those questions, we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.
Leaves are the world's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and take CO2from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and CO2into glucose(葡萄糖), a kind of sugar. Plants use it as food for energy and growing.
A chemical called“chlorophyll(叶绿素)”in the leaves gives plants their green color. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter, and trees“know”it's time to begin getting ready for winter.
During winter, there is not enough sunlight or water. Trees rest during this time and live on the food they store during the summer. They begin to shut down their foodmaking factories. As the green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves, we begin to see yellow and orange leaves.
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in autumn. In some trees, like maples(枫树), sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn the glucose in the leaves into a red color. And we can enjoy the beautiful red leaves during autumn.
1. Which of the following can you put in the box?sunlight＋
＋CO2→glucose| A．water | B．sugar | C．wind | D．air |
| A．Because they are short of glucose and energy. |
| B．Because they are short of sunlight and water. |
| C．Because they are short of sunlight and CO2. |
| D．Because they are short of water and CO2. |
| A．When autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. |
| B．During winter, trees live on the food they store in summer. |
| C．Trees begin to stop making food and to have a rest in summer. |
| D．During winter, some of yellow and orange colors are still in the leaves. |
| A．It tells us all kinds of plants on the earth. |
| B．It tells us the plants can grow well with the sunlight. |
| C．It tells us maple leaves change the color as other trees. |
| D．It tells not all the colors of the leaves are from chlorophyll. |
Students: Good morning, Mr. Hu.
Mr. Hu: Are you Dave?
Student A: No, I’m Bill.
Mr. Hu: OK. Now, Bill, what’s this in English?
Student A: It’s a ruler, Mr. Hu.
Mr. Hu: What color is it?
Student A: White.
Mr. Hu: Right (正确). And what color is this pen?
Student A: It’s blue. I like (喜欢) blue because (因为) I like the sea (大海).
Student B: No. The pen is green. And I like green. Look! My jacket is green.
Mr. Hu: Great (棒极了)!
1. ________ is the English teacher.
| A．Dave | B．Bill | C．Mr. Hu | D．Mr. Li |
| A．Bill | B．Dave | C．Mr. Hu | D．Eric |
| A．blue | B．green | C．yellow | D．white |
| A．red | B．blue | C．black | D．green |
| A．ruler | B．sea | C．pencil | D．jacket |
【推荐1】Can we forget bad memories? Someone might tell you that time is the only “cure”. But this might be not true.
Researchers at Canada’s McGill University have tested a pill that can help you erase bad memories. They tested it on 60 people and found it to be successful.
All 60 people had experienced painful romantic relationships and wanted to forget them. In the study, they were asked to write about these bad memories. Then, they took a pill that is usually used to treat high blood pressure. They then recalled their bad memories by reading what they wrote earlier. In the end, they talked about their feelings, saying that they were finally able to forget their bad experiences.
Dr Alain Brunet, who led the study, believes that the pill can ease the pain that bad memories bring. People can take it after bad things happen to them.
How did the pill do this? In fact, your memories change all the time. They’re like text files (文件) on your computer. Every time you recall and “open” the files, you might happen to make some changes and “save” them. Researchers believe that the pill can stop proteins (蛋白质) in the brain from “re-saving” these memories. This means some details of the memory are lost.
However, there are some ethical (伦理的) worries about this treatment. Some people might use it to forget things that they should be learning from, such as when they committed (犯) a crime. People are discussing which kinds of memories should be forgotten with this pill.
1. The study found that the pill can help people ________.| A．recall happy memories | B．remember things more easily |
| C．forget bad experiences | D．control their blood pressure |
| A．have painful experiences | B．write down their bad memories |
| C．have high blood pressure | D．recall what they wrote down before |
| A．拯救 | B．保存 | C．节省 | D．储蓄 |
| A．how our memories change over time | B．how the research group created the pill |
| C．how the pill helps us forget bad memories | D．how the pill stops bad things from happening |
| A．The writer doesn’t think the pill is good. | B．The pill might come with some problems. |
| C．Many people want to forget bad memories. | D．The pill can stop criminals from committing crimes. |
to know more about it.And they decided to send men to the Moon.They think it’s the best way to learn more about the moon.
But how do the astronauts (宇航员) get to the moon? The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth.They can’t take a plane to the Moon.But something can fly even when there is no air.That is a manned spacecraft(载人宇宙飞船).Several astronauts have been to the Moon in the manned spacecraft.
1. “it” in sentence (A) refers to (指得是) _____.
| A．the planets | B．the Moon |
| C．the sky | D．the star |
| A．over 384,000 kilometers | B．only 384,000 kilometers |
| C．about 384,000 kilometers | D．about 348,000 kilometers far |
| A．send men there | B．take photos of it |
| C．live on it | D．find another moon |
| A．plane | B．manned spacecraft |
| C．space station | D．air |
| A．The Moon |
| B．The exploration (探索) of the Moon |
| C．Men to the Moon |
| D．The manned spacecraft |
【推荐3】What do table football, a Barbie’s house and a toy car all have in common? They are all much smaller than real things. Humans have long been interested in miniature (微小) things. The fashion, marketing, and the design industry all use miniature one way or another, and the public seems to love it. This is the effect of cuteness psychology (心理).
The psychology of cuteness is the idea that seeing something small and cute encourages connecting behaviors and the need to take care of it and protect it. However, our attraction to small objects isn’t fully a result of a strong hope to act as a parent. More recent research has shown that our feeling to cuteness isn’t necessarily related to some kind of inborn need to be taken care of, but rather more of a general, positive feeling that can influence how we socially interact with other people.
Seeing tiny things, humans or animals gives off dopamine (多巴胺), which is involved with forming emotional connections. When the body gives off dopamine, it makes us feel in love with the object we are attracted to. “The human brain is designed to love cute, small things by awarding us with dopamine to make sure we will love our tiny babies. This protects their survival and, in turn, the survival of we humans,” says Sam Von Reiche, a psychologist in New Jersey.
Meanwhile, small things bring back the comfort of childhood. In times of stress, we return to things that gave us comfort at an early age. It doesn’t need to be the exact toy we played with as a child, or even a toy at all. It could be a miniature model of a thing. We connect tiny objects with the safety and comfort they brought us in an earlier time in our lives.
Some people may be interested in miniatures because they don’t have the money to get real-life ones. While we might not be able to own an expensive race car, a miniature copy can offer unbelievable emotional awards. Certain tiny objects from one’s travels, for example, a tiny Eiffel Tower can bring a sense of connection to important life stories and the people who have shared our journey.
Depending on one’s needs, a miniature object can bring a sense of pleasure, satisfaction, and even emotional comfort.
1. What can we learn from the passage?| A．The fashion leads to the cuteness psychology. |
| B．People prefer real objects when they grow up. |
| C．Our attraction to tiny things brings positive feelings. |
| D．Expensive race cars bring back the comfort of childhood. |
| A．dopamine can save humans in a natural way |
| B．cuteness preference helps with human survival |
| C．the human brain is designed to love real-life things |
| D．dopamine can mislead human emotion to feel in love |
| A．Why are we really into small things? |
| B．What do all small things have in common? |
| C．Where does cuteness psychology come from? |
| D．Why are our brains designed to love miniatures? |
【推荐1】What are the great countries in the world to travel? I will introduce some of them to you.
| Italy Italy has nice buildings and a long history. The food is delicious, such as pasta and pizza. And Italy has many beautiful cities. Venice is an amazing city and it is on the water. You can see many boats and bridges in Venice. Rome is a wonderful city and has Colosseum, a very old theatre. Florence is the capital of Tuscany region in Italy. And it is home to lots of great works of art about Renaissance (文艺复兴). Every year a lot of people visit these places of interest. |
| Georgia Georgia is home to Black Sea beaches. And it is near Russia. It is famous for its wine. And it’s a dream place for skiing. It’s also very cheap for traveling. |
| Poland Warsaw is the capital of Poland. Warsaw is one of the greenest cities in the world. It is a very beautiful city and it is cheap for people to travel. Zakopane is a town in the south of Poland. It is also cheap for traveling and is a great place for winter sports in winter and mountain climbing in summer. |
| A．To Italy. | B．To Georgia. | C．To the USA. | D．To Poland. |
| A．It is home to many wonderful works of art about Renaissance. |
| B．There are lots of old theatres. |
| C．There are lots of boats and bridges. |
| D．It is on the water. |
| A．Drink wine. | B．Take a boat trip. | C．Climb mountains. | D．Go skiing. |
| A．They are both small towns near Russia. | B．They are good places for climbing. |
| C．They are both homes to Black Sea beaches. | D．They are both cheap for people to travel. |
| A．In a storybook. | B．In a fashion magazine. |
| C．In a travel guide. | D．In a science book. |
【推荐2】Yoga (瑜伽) from ancient India started during 1970—1980 in western countries. However, what has changed is not only the number, but also the style.
Hot Yoga
Imagine yourself in a room that is heated to about 40℃, moving quickly for 90 minutes. Yes, that’s hot yoga. Fans of hot yoga believe it helps to lose weight. Even Lady Gaga likes doing it.
Anti-Gravity Yoga (反重力瑜伽)
Anti-gravity yoga is easy. With a silk hammock (吊床) hung from the top, this style of yoga allows you to hold positions longer. It is good for your blood flow. American actress Gwyneth Paltrow is one of the many fans.
Laughter Yoga
Laughter is the best medicine. This style of yoga seems silly and funny. You clap (拍手), laugh and sometimes shout like a lion. The aim is to relax yourself and get more feelings of happiness.
1. How long has yoga been in Western people’s life?| A．For at least 10 years. | B．For over 40 years. |
| C．For less than 30 years. | D．For over 100 years. |
| A．Hot yoga. | B．Anti-gravity yoga. | C．Laughter yoga. | D．Hatha yoga. |
| A．Gwyneth Paltrow is one of the hot yoga fans. |
| B．The style of yoga hasn’t changed in the past years. |
| C．The temperature in a room for hot yoga is about 40℃. |
| D．Anti-gravity yoga and laughter yoga are not good for our blood flow. |
【推荐3】Burns from fire or other types of heat cover from mild(轻微的) to the danger of life . Some burns can be treated at home, while others need medical care at once.
What to do if you get burned?
●First, decide if you can take care of the burn yourself. Go to the hospital right now if it the burn is serious.
●If you can’t get to a hospital right away or must wait for an ambulance（救护车）, follow these steps:
1.Remove clothing from the burned area. Don’t remove clothing that is stuck to the skin and don’t break any blisters(水泡).
2. Run cool (not cold) water over the burn until the pain lessens(减轻). Don’t put butter, oil, or ice on burns.
3.Lightly apply a bandage(绷带) over the burn.
4.Remove jewelry（首饰） that’s close to the burn.
Seek emergency（紧急的） medical care if:
1.The burn is serious.
2. The burned area is large (cover the area with a clean, soft cloth or towel（毛巾）) .
3.The burn come from a fire, electrical wire （电线）or chemicals .
4.The burn looks infected 被感染的).
Think prevention!
Be careful when using candles, heaters, and curling irons. Don’t allow children to play in the kitchen while someone is cooking. Children can easily get burned in kitchens.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
1. You should ________ first if you get burned.
| A．Call the police | B．check the burn |
| C．Go to the hospital | D．clean the burned area |
| A．Take away clothing from the burn. | B．Run cold water over the burn. |
| C．Lightly apply a bandage over the burn. | D．Break blisters on the burn. |
| A．Children can easily get burned playing in the kitchens. |
| B．We should be careful when using heaters. |
| C．When the burn is serious, seek emergency medical care. |
| D．If you can take care of yourself, you don’t need to go to the hospital. |
| A．覆盖 | B．重移 | C．去除 | D．搬动 |
| A．Science books | B．Medical handbooks |
| C．Fashion magazines | D．National newspapers |
