How Fast Can Animals Shake?
When we get wet, we need a towel (毛巾) to get ourselves dry. When a dog gets wet, all it needs is to shake its body. A study shows that a wet dog can shake off half the water on its body in less than a second. In fact, this common act of a dog works better than a washing machine.
The study found that animal shaking begins with the head and ends with the tail. During a shake, the animal’s head and skin all move. Smaller animals must shake faster than bigger animals to get water off. For example, in one second, a rat can shake 18 times, a dog 6 times, and a bear 4 times. Bigger animals can get their body with fewer shakes.
For animals, shaking is not just about getting themselves dry. It is also about saving their lives. Being wet makes animals heavier, and that makes them harder to run. In the animal world, how fast an animal can run often decides whether it will live or not. Maybe that is why the “wet-dog shake” has become a common habit of many animals.
阅读短文，根据其内容完成以下任务。1. 任务一：回答问题。
What should we do when we get wet according to the passage?
2. What did the study find?
3. 任务二：列举一条有关动物的事实性信息。（用英语列举）
4. 任务三：根据短文最后一段补全句子。
Being wet is bad for animals, because it will bring them
5. 任务四：根据材料内容，完成以下柱状图。
相似题推荐
It’s often said that you can’t “ teach an old dog new skills”, but these three New Zealand dogs have changed the saying by learning a skill------driving a car.
To get their training started. 10-month-old Porter, 18-month-old Monty and one-year-old Cinny were chosen from seven dogs. And they were sent to Animal Q, a talent center that specialized ( 专攻 ) in teaching animals skills for movies and TV shows.
The three dogs were taught by the trainer Marke Vette. The two-month driving classes began with teaching the dogs some basic driving skills like turning the steering wheels ( 方向盘) . After that the dogs practiced everything they had learned. Finally, it was time for the big test------driving a real car.
As we know, human cars aren’t built for four-legged animals. The car that people drove had to be improved so that the dogs could easily reach the steering wheels with their paws( 爪子 ). A stick attached( 固定 ) to the accelerator(油门)and brake ( 刹车 ) helped start and stop the car. All the three dogs passed the test without human help. Monty was the best of the three.
It’s hoped that these pioneers will land their names in the Cuinness World Records as the world’s “First Driving Dogs”.
1. The three dogs were trained to2. Animal Q specialized in
3.
4. The dogs’ driving classes lasted
5. The stick attached to the accelerator and brake could help dogs
【推荐2】A famer had four lambs (羔羊). One was black, and the other three were white. The black lamb was always friendly to the others in the group. But the white lambs often laughed at him. They thought he was ugly. The farmer did not like him, either. He gave bad food to the black Iamb.
One winter day, the four lambs went out to eat grass. They went far away from home. Suddenly, it began to snow. And the ground was all white soon. They couldn’t find the way home.
When the farmer found that the lambs were not at home, he went out to look for them. There was snow everywhere. Suddenly, he saw something black. He went to it. Oh, it was his black lamb! And the white lambs were there, too. The farmer said excitedly, “Thanks to the black lamb, I can find you!”
1. How did the black lamb treat (对待) the other Iambs?2. What did the farmer give the black lamb to eat?
3. Why couldn’t the lambs find their way home?
4. When did the farmer go out to look for the lambs?
5. What can we learn from the story? (外貌，外表 appearance)
【推荐3】Dogs are “man’s best friends”. They are smart and they’re kind to people. Some pet dogs just play with their owners. Others help people work. So how many kinds of dogs are there?
*Search and rescue dogs (救援犬) can help to save people. They are good at finding people after a big disaster (灾难).
*Guide dogs are good helpers for people who can’t see things. They help these people walk without danger. They also know some words.
*Dogs working with doctors can help sick children. These dogs make the children feel relaxed.
*Herding dogs (牧羊犬) are important to people with sheep. They help look after the sheep. There are many herding dogs in Australia and New Zealand.
Do you know how to be safe around dogs? Here are some useful tips:
*Be away from a dog when it is eating. If you touch it, it might think you want to take its food away. The dog may shout at you.
*Never kiss a dog’s face or put your face near its face. Even if the dog doesn’t want to scare you.
| | What they can do | How to be safe around dogs |
| Search and rescue dogs | Help people | * Be away from a dog when it is eating. * Put your face |
| Guide dogs | Help people walk safely. | |
Dogs working with doctors | Help sick children | |
| Herding dogs | Help look after the sheep. They are |
Computers can injure (伤害) you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly. You probably know how to ride a bike safely (安全地). Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 cm from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect (反射) on the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists (手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because you move your hands and wrists in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a computer for a long time, follow these three rules:
· Rest your wrists on something.
· Keep your elbows (肘) at the same height as your desk,
· Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back and your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms, wrists, hands and the upper part of your legs should all be parallel (平行的) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise.
1. The way that computer injured happen:2. The thing that can injure the eyes when people use a computer:
3. The reason why hand and wrist injure may happen:
4. The parts of the body you may injure if you sit in the wrong way:
①
5. Write down one of your own ways to use a computer safely:
Not long ago, mobile phones were used mainly by business people and government officers in society. In the US, mobile phone users were about 350, 000 in 1985. Now there are 210 million mobile phone users in the US. Studies also show that over 50 percent of children in the US own their own personal mobile phones. The number of mobile phones users has also increased throughout the world. At the beginning of 2019, the number of total users jumped to 3 billion worldwide.
When people throw their mobile phones away, they usually end up in the open air. Mobile phones include some materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium. They can go into public drinking water and food and cause people and animals health problem. About 75 percent of mobile phone users don’t throw their phones away. Instead, they prefer to keep the waste ones sitting around the house as they are not worth very much. People are also afraid that others may know their information if they sell their waste phones. Less than 20 percent of them are recycled each year.
Mobile phones have valuable materials inside. The most valuable material is gold. They can be used again after recycling. If all of the waste phones in the US are recycled, it will save enough energy to offer over 194, 000 US families electricity for one year.
One method of recycling mobile phones is to take the working parts of broken phones, then combine (使结合) them with the working parts of other used mobile phones to make one ready-to-use mobile phone. Another method of mobile phone recycling is to melt (熔化) down and separate parts of the phone, getting the valuable materials, such as gold and platinum.Plastic and glass can also be recycled from used mobile phones.
Mobile phone | |
| ◆The number of mobile phone users in America at preset is about ◆More than half of the children in America have their own personal mobile phones. ◆There are about 3 billion mobile phone users worldwide. | |
| Mobile phone waste | ◆Some people throw mobile phones away, which can be ◆Three-quarters of the users keep the waste ones in their house. ◆Less than 20 percent of mobile phones are recycled. |
| Advantages of recycling | ◆Recycling can keep ◆Recycling can offer plenty of electricity. |
| How recycling | ◆ Join working parts of broke or used phones together. ◆Melt down and separate parts of the phone to get valuable materials. |
There is a clear difference between art and literature. Works of art and written pieces of literature are very different in how they connect to audience. Pictures are received information, while writing is perceived（察觉到）information. This means that art directly delivers（传递）one idea to an audience, while writing can have many different explanations by an audience from many angles（角度）. Many messages can be created and supported with texts by different readers from pieces of writing.
Pictures are simply black and white, delivering one single message or thought to someone looking at it. A person’s level of education does not have an effect on what they receive from looking at a picture. This is because art appeals to（吸引）the human sense of sight which all lucky humans are naturally born with. There is almost no chance to search for any other meanings just through looking at a picture repeatedly. There is only one line between a picture and the audience; therefore, art is received information.
On the other hand, writing is much deeper than just the words on a page. If two people of different education levels were to read the same piece of writing, they would have different opinions on what the piece meant because writing allows interpretation（阐释）. Writers are often trying to tell a story to the audience when they write. Stories are often told through writing while sending messages that teach lessons.
Literature contains perception（观念）which allows the audience to develop different understanding; however, a picture simply is what it is. Art is straightforward, while writings allow for free interpretation. Audiences can create their own ideas and opinions from literature, but everyone receives the same idea from a piece of art.
| Art | *Art delivers single message or thought to an audience directly. *People’s level of education does not *Art appeals to humans’ sense of sight. *It is *There is only one line between a picture and the audience. |
| Literature | *Writing can be *Different education levels do let people *Writings allow for free interpretation. |
| Conclusion | Art is received information, while writing is perceived information. |
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar（阴历）divides a year into 24 solar terms（节气）. Clear and Bright（清明）, the 5th solar term, starts on April 5 and ends on April 19 this year.
Of all the 24 solar terms, Clear and Bright is the only one whose first day is also a traditional Chinese festival, Qingming Festival or Tomb-Sweeping Day. The words “clear” and “bright” describe the weather during this period. Temperatures begin to rise and rainfall increases, making it an important time for plowing（耕）and sowing（播种）in the spring.
Clear and Bright is a period when Chinese people show respect for nature and the ancestors（祖先）of the Chinese nation. As a result, cleaning the tombs is an important practice to remember the dead.
In many parts of China, eating eggs during Tomb-Sweeping Day is as important as eating moon cakes at Mid-Autumn Festival. People believe that eating an egg on Tomb-Sweeping Day will bring good health all year. In China, this custom has lasted for thousands of years.
The origin of eating eggs dates back to “Shangsi Jie”（a traditional Chinese festival）. In ancient times, women who want to have babies after marriage often colored boiled eggs with different colors and put them into the river, and people living in the lower reaches of the river picked the eggs up and ate them. It was said that the more eggs were eaten, the greater the chance the woman will have a baby. Today, people believe that eating eggs on Tomb-Sweeping Day will also bring success.
根据上面短文内容，回答下列问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。
1. When does the solar term, Clear and Bright start this year?
2. What do the words “clear” and “bright” describe?
3. How do Chinese people remember the dead during Clear and Bright?
4. How long has the custom about eating eggs on Tomb-Sweeping Day lasted?
5. What do Chinese people think eating eggs on Tomb-Sweeping Day can bring ?
Curling （冰壶运动） is a popular winter sport. Lots of people are interested in curling. They think curling is an interesting sport to watch. Some people don’t have a chance to go to stadiums to watch it, and they choose to watch it on TV.
Curling players use a curling stone for their sport. The stone looks like a flattened ball with a handle （把手） on the top. It weighs 42 pounds. The players use the handle to push the stone over the ice and then release （松开） it.
The stone then slides （滑动） into the scoring area. Official curling stones are made of a type of Scottish granite （花岗岩）. A new one can cost ＄1000!
Curling is played between two teams, and each team has four players. The members of the teams can be men or women. A team with both is called a mixed team. The goal of curling is to push the stone on ice into the scoring area. Players use a special curling broom （冰刷） to sweep the area in front of the stone as it slides along. This helps the stone stop in the best possible place for a good score.
The players have special clothing and equipment. They wear special curling shoes. This sport requires skills. Some people agree that curling is a difficult sport to play. In their mind, a good score is usually a matter of luck!
1. If some people can’t go to the stadiums to watch curling, they can watch it2. From paragraph 2, we can know the shape, the
3. A special curling broom can be used to
4. We may read this passage in a
5. After reading the passage, what do you think of curling and why do you think so?
When we play a game with our classmates or friends, we usually need to make some rules first. Schools usually make some rules, because they can help students have a good studying habit. And also students can have a good learning environment（环境）in the school.
Different（不同的）schools have different rules. Here are some funny school rules.
▶ Japanese rules
Most schools in Japan ask the students to wear school uniforms. In some Japanese schools, if（如果）the schools don’t know, students can’t go to the cinema, play video games or leave home in the evening.
▶ Different rules in the U.S.
In some schools, students must wear indoor shoes in school every day. So the students won’t fall down（摔倒）, and they are safe on the floors. The indoor shoes can keep the schools clean, too. Students can’t eat gum（口香糖）, because it’s hard to clean.
▶ No long hair in the U.K.
Students can’t have long hair in some English schools. But the students can have certain hairstyles（特定的发型）in some special occasions.
| My name is Lucy. I am a student. Here are the rules in my school. ▲Don’t fight. ▲Don’t be late for class. ▲Don’t eat in class. ▲Don’t run in the hallways. ▲Wear the school uniform on school days. I think these rules are very important and useful. |
2. Please find the word “different” in the passage and make a sentence（造新句） with it.
3. What does Lucy think of these rules according to the Chart（根据这个图表）?
4. What are the rules of American schools? And give an example.（给出一个例子）
5. Please translate the underlined sentence（翻译画线句子） into Chinese.
6. What rules do you have at school? What do you think of them?
