Do you know something about the Moon? You can
There
Why is it called Mars（火星）? Well, Mars is the name of the Roman god of war（罗马战神）. People see the planet（星球）as a symbol of war for thousands of years. It is also known as the Red Planet because of its color. It is red because it’s rich in iron（铁）. Chinese people called it the “fire star” for the same reason.
Scientists was interested in the planet. They first saw Mars in the sky more than 4, 000 years ago. Then, people from all over the world studied the planet. About 200 years ago, scientists started to study pieces of Mars. They broke away and drifted（漂流）through space for millions of years before they got to Earth.
Scientists have learned some things about Mars. For example, Mars is home to a 21-kilometer-tall mountain—the tallest in our solar system（太阳系）. However, Qomolangma, Earth’s highest mountain, is just 9 kilometers tall. Like Earth, Mars has moons. It has two moons named Phobos and Deimos. The Red Planet also has the largest dust storms（沙尘暴）in the solar system. And they can last for months.
Earth is 10 times heavier than Mars. So The Red Planet’s gravity（重力）is only 37 percent as strong as Earth’s, meaning you can jump nearly two times higher on Mars. For the same reason, you are two times heavier on Earth than on Mars.
1. Why does Mars get the name “fire star”?| A．Because it is red. | B．Because it is rich in iron. | C．Because it is the symbol of war. |
| A．Millions of years ago. | B．Over 4, 000 years ago. | C．More than 200 years ago. |
| A．Scientists. | B．Pieces of Mars. | C．Stars. |
| A．the color | B．the weather | C．the size |
| A．Mars has stronger gravity than Earth. |
| B．People are heavier on Mars than on Earth. |
| C．People can jump higher on Mars than on Earth. |
3 . The Sun offers us light.
The Sun is a huge star.
Our Earth is cool enough to live on because the hot Sun is so far away.
| A．But if there were no Sun, the Earth would be so cold that nothing could live on it. |
| B．However, in the daytime, you can only see one star—the Sun. |
| C．One million balls as big as our Earth could fit inside the Sun. |
| D．It is about one hundred and fifty million kilometers away. |
| E．It keeps us warm. |
4 . As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.
Scientists have found out that the radiation (辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health.
The harm of the radiation won’t be found until their children even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far.
Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It’s reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion (爆炸) in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300, 000 fragment (碎片), each at least 4mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage (损坏).
Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the earth.
We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should do something to help improve the space environment.
1. The radiation from the sun and other stars is ________.| A．good | B．helpful | C．useful | D．harmful |
| A．spacemen working in space | B．people only on the earth |
| C．all the people except children | D．the old people on the earth |
| A．two | B．three | C．four | D．five |
| A．Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space. |
| B．Every one of us can have a travel to space in ten years. |
| C．The harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemen’s children. |
| D．Space is really dangerous, so it doesn’t interest anyone on the earth. |
| A．Space Radiation | B．Space Danger | C．Space Junk | D．Space Travel |
B:
A: Oh. It travels at a speed of 300, 000 kilometers a second.
B:
A: No, it isn’t. Light from the nearest star except the sun needs about 4 years to reach the earth.
B: Wow!
A: Mmm...It takes hundreds of years for light from the farthest star to reach the earth.
B: Oh, how clever you are! I think you can be an astronomer (天文学家) when you grow up.
A: Thank you, Mother!
| A．Do you know how fast it travels? |
| B．Is the sun farther than the other stars? |
| C．I will try my best. |
| D．How long does it take for light to reach the farthest star? |
| E．The sun is about 149, 840,000 kilometers away from the earth. |
Is there life on Mars? We don’t know.
We’re sure that people on the earth are not able to live on Mars. People need oxygen to breathe. There is almost no oxygen on Mars.
Living on Mars would be like living on a very high mountain. There would be little air.
The temperature might be 50 degrees above zero at noon and 140 degrees below zero at night. Many people think there may be plants on Mars. We know that on Mars there is carbon. This is a kind of material found in all plants and animals on the earth. Through a telescope, Mars looks red. In some places, it seems gray. At times the gray color turns gray-green, then brown, then gray again. The gray-green color may be a kind of plant life changing color with the seasons.
Will men go to Mars one day? If they do, they must take their own oxygen, food and clothing with them.
1. There is enough oxygen for us to live on Mars.2. It’s too hot in the daytime and it’s too cold at night on Mars.
3. We can find carbon in all plants and animals on the earth.
4. Sometimes Mars looks blue.
5. If one day we can go to Mars, we must take enough oxygen, food and clothing with us.
7 . Long long ago, people
Now
| A．doesn't | B．didn’t | C．don’t |
| A．any | B．an | C．some |
| A．drive | B．drives | C．drove |
| A．from | B．with | C．under |
| A．goes | B．go | C．went |
| A．earth | B．sun | C．moon |
| A．in | B．from | C．into |
| A．was | B．is | C．be |
| A．so | B．and | C．because |
| A．also | B．too | C．either |
8 . On August 12, 2018, NASA sent up the Parker Solar Probe (帕克太阳探测器) to explore the mysteries of the sun. It was named after Eugene Newman Parker, an American physicist who predicted important facts about solar activity and solar wind.
The Corona is much hotter than the surface of the sun. In order to get close to the sun, Parker is protected by a special material. This allows it to keep cool inside, even when the temperature around it is as high as 1,400℃.
In April 2021, on its eighth trip around the sun, Parker actually entered the sun’s corona. It flew through the corona about five hours. For the first time in history, a spacecraft (航天器) has “touched” the sun. Though this happened in April, it took scientists a few months to get the information back and then several more months to confirm the news.
Since then, the probe has got into the corona more times. As it circles closer to the sun’s surface, Parker is making new discoveries that other spacecraft were too far away to see. The discoveries will also help us know more about space weather which has a great influence on the earth as well as astronauts in space.
Parker will keep moving closer to the sun and diving deeper into the corona until we lose contact (联系) with it sometime around December 2025. It will give us plenty of chances of learning something new about our life-giving star.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. The probe got its name from ________.
| A．a NASA engineer | B．a special material |
| C．an American physicist | D．an unsolved mystery |
| A．What the probe will do. |
| B．What the probe is made of. |
| C．Why the probe can get so close to the sun. |
| D．Why the sun’s corona is hotter than its surface. |
| A．发布 | B．确认 | C．执行 | D．传播 |
| A．To get to the surface of the sun. |
| B．To protect the astronauts in space. |
| C．To collect more information about the sun. |
| D．To test the highest temperature it can stand. |
| A．It is the only spacecraft sent up to the sun. |
| B．It is the first spacecraft to get into the sun’s corona |
| C．It will come back to the earth at the end of 2025. |
| D．It flew around the sun five times before entering the corona. |
①What is it like to exercise in space? Simple things can be harder in microgravity (微重力), while difficult tasks might suddenly be a breeze. A video on Tuesday shows that Zhai Zhigang, one of the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII spaceship, is practicing tai chi with flowing (流畅的) movements.
②The three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu have been in space for about two months since they began their six-month mission (任务) to build the space station on October 16th. Chinese people have long been wondering what really goes on inside the space station. While people were still surprised by Wang Yaping’s zero-gravity hairstyle, Zhai showed his “flying” skill and was clearly very good at it.
③ ※ The tradition of Chinese astronauts practicing tai chi started in 2012 when the country’s Shenzhou IX astronaut Liu Yang first did so in space and called the experience comfortable. Before returning from the Shenzhou XII mission in September, astronaut Nie Haisheng also practiced tai chi in the Tianhe core module during an Earth-space video call with Hong Kong youths.
④For space travelers, doing exercise is important. They must exercise to counter (抵消) the gravity-free conditions because the experience of “muscle and bone loss (肌肉和骨质流失)” in space will influence their health and ability to work in the long term.
⑤Besides doing tai chi, Chinese astronauts also play table tennis or ride a bike and run on a treadmill (踏步机) to help train their breathing.
1. What may the underlined part “a breeze” in the first paragraph mean?| A．Something popular. | B．Something impossible. |
| C．Something very easy. | D．Something more difficult. |
| A．Zhai was not the first who practiced tai chi in spaceship. |
| B．Actually, no Chinese astronaut has ever done that before. |
| C．Many astronauts followed Zhai to practice tai chi later. |
| D．In fact, Zhai had no idea how to practice tai chi before. |
| A．The ways of having strong muscles. | B．The reason how gravity comes into being. |
| C．The exercise astronauts do in spaceship. | D．The importance of doing exercise in space. |
| A．The purpose of the Shenzhou XIII mission isn’t mentioned. |
| B．Nie Haisheng found the practice of doing tai chi very comfortable. |
| C．Chinese people really want to learn about the astronauts’ life in space. |
| D．Doing exercise in space can help astronauts live with gravity in the space station. |
Three Chinese astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the core module（核心舱）of Tiangong space station, will work and live there for about six month.
The answer, of course, is yes, because the microgravity （微重力）conditions on the space station can help produce experimental results that are impossible to get on the earth. And cells in microgravity also grow different in space.
The universe （宇宙）is a treasure house for humans to explore.
| A．Are the costs worth it? |
| B．Living in space is actually expensive. |
| C．Is it true to live in the space station for such a long time? |
| D．A space station provides a place for the scientific exploration. |
| E．This has been the longest mission so far for Chinese astronauts. |
| F．Giving people deeper understanding of some basic life science processes. |
