1 . The 2022 Winter Olympics were held successfully. Athletes (运动员) across the world came to Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Winter sports need to be in cold places. So, is it possible to hold the Winter Olympics on other planets?
| Mercury (水星) It’s the closest planet to the sun. In the daytime, the temperature can be 430℃. At night it cools down to -200℃. There’s one area that the sun can never reach. There’s lots of ice there. Maybe we could go speed skating there! |
| Mars The temperature on Mars is between -140℃ and 30℃. At the north and south poles of Mars, there are areas covered by ice and snow. Some of the ice is made of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), not water. There is also a big mountain called Mount Olympus. So maybe we can ski on Mars! |
| Pluto (冥王星) Pluto is a small dwarf planet (矮行星) far away from the sun. It’s very cold there, about -229℃. There’s lots of ice. It’s even harder than steel (铁). So maybe we could go sledding (滑雪橇) on Pluto. |
1. Which is the nearest to the sun?
| A．Pluto | B．Mars. | C．Mercury | D．Earth |
| A．430℃. | B．30℃. | C．-200℃. | D．-140℃. |
| A．Because some areas of Mars are covered by ice and snow. |
| B．Because some of the ice on Mars is made of water. |
| C．Because of the highest temperature on Mars. |
| D．Because of the highest mountain on Mars. |
| A．It’s very cold only in the daytime. |
| B．It’s very cold all day and all night. |
| C．It’s very hot in the night. |
| D．It’s very hot in the daytime. |
| A．Life. | B．News. | C．Health. | D．Science. |
We know that the Earth we live on goes around the Sun and that the Sun is a yellow star. We know that stars give light and that they can be blue, white, orange and red.
We know that stars are born, stars get older, and then stars die. As the star gets older, the middle of the star gets very hot and the star gets bigger. This star is now called a red giant. It is one of the biggest stars.
When a giant star has blown up, sometimes the core can be crushed.
We know that out there in space, there are small stars that spin very, very fast.
Many people want to find out new things about the stars above. There will always be some things we know and some things we don’t. Little kids everywhere sing...
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
how I wonder what you are.
| A．This can make a black hole. |
| B．The dust and gas get very hot. |
| C．When they spin, they flash out light. |
| D．Some big stars like a red giant will just explode! |
| E．But there are some things we don’t know about stars. |
| F．We know a lot about stars but we don’t know everything. |
impossible; discover; different; get; close; call; might; although; larger; send |
Lots of scientists believe that there’s life on other planets. Because of this, they keep doing research about the universe. They have sent astronauts to the moon. And they have
fly; we; city; send; near; plant; shine; planet; look; hundred |
From a plane you can see the fields,
The moon is our
The moon hasn’t its own light. It
In fact the moon isn’t as near as it looks. It is three
5 . In the universe, as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes around the sun, and the moon goes around the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night.
Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.
The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can’t give out any light at all, but it looks quite bright too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon also because they are farther away from the earth.
There are still many other planets in the solar system (太阳系). All of them move round the sun. But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth too. At 9:00 am on October 15th, 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.
1. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is ______.| A．night | B．day | C．evening |
| A．the earth | B．the moon | C．the sun |
| A．On November 15th, 2003. | B．On October 16th, 2003. | C．On October 15th, 2003. |
| A．The moon goes around the earth, and it can’t give out any light at all. |
| B．The moon goes around the sun, and its light is from the sun. |
| C．The sun goes around the earth, and it can give out very strong light. |
1. How is the show about space?
| A．Boring. | B．Exciting | C．Interesting. |
| A．The water on Mars. | B．The photos of the moon. | C．The life in space. |
| call, impossible, send, reach, different, get, close, might, although, large, about, must |
Lots of scientists believe there’s life on other planets. Because of this, they keep doing research
1. How does Betty know the news?
| A．On the radio. | B．In the newspaper. | C．On the Internet. |
| A．The life on the moon. | B．The spaceship to Mars. | C．The sun and other stars. |
Humans have always been interested in the moon. About 2, 000 years ago, scientists had already known that the moon moves around the earth and where it would be in the sky at different times of the year. In old times, everything about the moon was learned by watching it carefully at night.
When scientists could use telescopes (望远镜) to study the moon more closely, they found the moon was made of rocks. Most scientists thought moon rocks would be different from those on earth. This was because they believed the moon had once been a planet that was caught in the earth’s gravity millions of years ago.
In 1969, moon rocks were finally brought to the earth and studied. Much to their surprise, scientists found that, except for water, the moon and the earth were made of the same things. Once again, new ideas were needed for this new study.
After years of study, most scientists now think that the moon was once part of the earth. They believe very early in its history, maybe 4 million years ago, something that was about the size of Mars hit the earth. This sent billions of rocks into space around our planet. These rocks slowly joined together and after many years became the moon.
Humans’ steps of exploring the moon will never stop. In the future, even though our ideas about the moon may change again, we’ll still show an interest in it.
1. At first, most scientists thought moon rocks were2.
3. Now most scientists think the moon once belonged to
4. People will never stop
5. How did people learn about the moon in ancient times?
10 . ①On a clear night, go outside and look for the moon. Do the same thing again a week later, and the moon you see will look different. So why does it always seem to change its shape?
②Sometimes, the moon is a bright disk that lights up the night sky. Other times, it is just a white sliver. Sometimes, the moon can be seen during the day. Other times, it can not be seen. These different kinds of visibility (可见度) are called the phases of the moon (月相).
③They appear because the sun, the moon and the Earth are always moving. One thing that almost never changes is that the sun lights one side of the moon.
④A lunar eclipse (月食) is the only time the sun can’t face the moon. This appears when the sun, the moon and the Earth are in a straight line with the Earth in the middle. As the moon travels into the darkness of the Earth’s shadow (影子), it seems as though all or part of it disappears.
⑤Many scientists believe that the moon was once part of the Earth. Millions of years ago, something hit into the Earth and broke off a large part of the planet. Gravity (地球引力) kept this huge block from going away into space, and it became our moon.
1. The first paragraph is mainly written to ________.| A．draw the readers’ interest | B．tell a moving story to readers |
| C．list some examples for readers | D．help readers finish the exam |
| A．the stories of the phases of the moon | B．the meaning of the phases of the moon |
| C．the reasons for the phases of the moon | D．the time when the phases of the moon happen |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．①②③④；⑤ | B．①；②③④⑤ | C．①②③；④；⑤ | D．①；②③④；⑤ |
