1 .     1     Your head houses store (储存着) the most valuable part of your body — your brain. As you are reading, your eyes send pictures to your brain which makes meaning from what you see. Your brain helps you to remember and think, and makes sure your body is doing what it should.

    2     Your skin covers your body. In most parts of your body, the skin is just as thick as half a centimeter. If you have your skin cut, it will have a quick cure and stop viruses from getting into your body. Your skin also helps you feel the heat and coldness of the environment around you. Hair grows from inside the skin. When you feel hot, extra heat comes out through your skin. As a result, your body temperature drops.

    3     Muscles (肌肉) are found in most parts of your body. They work with your bones to help you move — whenever you cry or smile, eat or speak, walk or dance, etc.

    4     Your body needs to take in oxygen (氧气) from the air and give out the unwanted carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in the body. When you breathe, air comes through your nose and mouth into your lungs (肺) where oxygen flows to different parts of your body.

    5     When dust or a strong smell gets into your nose, you sneeze (打喷嚏). This is the way your body cleans up the dust in your nose. Your lungs push out the air and try to clear your nose.

(a)根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项是多余的。

A.What makes me sneeze?                  B.What is inside my head? C.Why do I breathe?                           D.How do I move? E.What does my heart do?                  F.What is my skin（皮肤）for?

(b)根据短文内容，补全下面短文中所缺信息，每空填一个词。

Your brain is the most     6     part of your body. It can make your body to do what it should. If you have your     7     cut, it will have a quick cure and stop viruses from getting into your body. Muscles can work     8     your bones to help you move around. Your nose and mouth can     9     air to different parts of your body. Sneezeing is the good way to     10     your nose.

2 . The earliest form of writing appeared about 5,500 years ago. In the past, hand writing was an important subject in school. Now, many students sometimes do homework on a computer and turn in their tasks online.

Many people think typing (打字) is quick and easy to read, while writing by hand may take longer than typing. But others say writing with a pen and paper is more valuable. Writing by hand has big advantages. Research shows that when we write down ideas with a pen or pencil, we make the brain active to help us learn, remember and think. Writing by hand lets people show their creativity. No two people have the same handwriting. Writing by hand can also help people concentrate. When using a computer, people can go online or play computer games easily.

Handwriting may be pretty. However, people can get their ideas and thoughts down more quickly when they type. Typing can also make it easier for people to change. Once something is written by hand, you can’t delete it. If you want to make a change, you have to write it all over again. What’s more, some people’s handwriting may be hard to read. Typing makes everything clear, and no one will have to worry about their words being clear enough.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. When did people begin to write?
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2. How is the brain when we write by hand?
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3. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
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4. How many advantages of typing are mentioned in paragraph 3?
__________________
5. If you need to write a report, will you type or hand write it? Why? (Give 2 reasons.)
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3 . 1. Life in space is much different from life on the earth. How do astronauts live in space?
2. In the past, astronauts could eat only small pieces of dried food. But now astronauts are able to eat more everyday food like fruit, vegetables and ice-cream.
3.All the people in the ISS (国际空间站) have their own rooms. They have to tie themselves to their beds, or they’ll fly away! That seems like a strange way to sleep, but astronauts say sleeping in space is really not too bad.
4.This is more important in space than on the earth. Astronauts exercise on bikes and other machines for about two hours every day. That way, they can still be healthy when they get back home.
5. Astronauts can read books, play cards, listen to music or send e-mails to their friends and families when they aren’t working. Sometimes they just sit and look out of the spaceship. It’s also much fun! Astronauts are hard-working whether in space or on the earth. Though the work sometimes is difficult, they are still interested in it and love the job. Many people think their lives are very interesting and their dream jobs are to be the astronauts.
(a) 根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项是多余的。

A. Having fun B. Exercising C. Eating D. Sleeping E. In space F. On the earth

1. ________
2. ________
3. ________
4. ________
5. ________
(b) 根据短文内容，补全下面的思维导图，每空一词。

6. ________
7. ________
8. ________
9. ________
10. ________

4 . Wangfujing Street is a famous shopping street in Beijing. There are lots of Chinese international (国际的) shops. You can buy books, clothes. shoes and many other things on this street. Every year, around 100,000 people come here.

Do you know the street is around 700 years old? In the past, lords (领主；王侯) and princesses (公主) lived here. Next to one of a lord’s houses there was a well. One year, there was little rain. Many people had no water to drink. However, the lord’s well still had lots of clean, delicious water.

This lord was not a kind man. He did not want to give water from his well to anyone. He asked an old man to stand in front of the well and stop people taking water. However , the old man was very kind. He always offered (提供) the poor people water.

Later, the lord was very angry. “You let people take my water!” he shouted. The old man answered, “My lord, if I do not give them water, they will die. Then, no one can work for you”. Finally, the lord agreed with the old man. This is how the street got its name—“Wang fu” means lord’s house and “jing” means well.

Today, Wangfujing Street becomes one of the busiest shopping streets in China.

根据短文内容，回容下列问题。
1. How old is Wangfujing Street?
____________________________________
2. Why did many people have no water to drink that year?
____________________________________
3. Who did the lord ask to stand in front of the well?
____________________________________
4. Did the old man give water to the poor?
____________________________________
5. What does “jing” mean in English?
____________________________________

5 . Most people have a body temperature of 36℃—37℃. Some people have a normal temperature that is a little higher, while others have a normal temperature that is a little lower.

Most people’s body temperature even changes a little bit during the whole (整个的) day. It’s usually a little lower in the morning and a little higher in the evening. For most kids, their body temperature stays the same from day to day until germs (细菌) go into their bodies.

When a fever starts, your body will get hotter than usual at first, and then you may feel very cold even though it isn’t cold in the room. It’s very important for you to drink more water when you have a fever, because there isn’t enough water in your body as your body gets hotter.

The fever isn’t a big problem. When you have a fever, you should have a good rest and drink more water. After a few hours, the fever may go away on its own. So many doctors agree that many people with a fever don’t need to take any special medicine unless the fever is making them very uncomfortable.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. What is the normal body temperature of most people?
________________________________________________________
2. Does most people’s body temperature stay the same during the whole day?
________________________________________________________
3. How do you feel when a fever starts?
________________________________________________________
4. Why do we need to drink more water when we have a fever?
________________________________________________________
5. What might many doctors advise people with a fever to do according to the passage?
________________________________________________________

6 . Where’s my food?

Will you lose your favorite things to eat? Climate change (气候变化) might be “eating up” your favorite food! New studies showed that because of climate change, some food such as chocolate, honey and peanuts are becoming “endangered”. Why? Let’s take a closer look.

Honey

Bees live on pollen (花粉). But rising carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) makes the pollen have less protein (蛋白质) in it. Pollen is becoming junk food for bees! Bees aren’t getting enough nutrition (营养). They may die out. Warmer temperatures also make plants flower earlier. It’s so early that bees may still be little babies. They are not old enough to pollinate (授粉) them. The fewer bees there are to pollinate, the less honey they make.  

Coffee

South America, Africa, Asia and Hawaii are home to coffee. But temperatures are rising in these places. This makes it easier for viruses (病毒) and bugs to grow. They may hurt the coffee plants. The result? Big cuts in coffee beans and less coffee in your cup.

Scientists said that if Earth keeps warming up, half of the coffee production areas won’t be there by the year 2050.

Peanuts

Peanut plants grow best when they get five months of warm weather and 50-100 centimeters of rain each year. That’s not good news if there will be more bad weather, such as droughts (干旱) and heat waves.

In 2022, the drought across the peanut-growing southeastern US led many plants to die. According to CNN, that caused peanut prices to rise by as much as 40 percent!

Seafood

As air temperatures rise, oceans become hotter. Fish eggs find it hard to live in warmer water. So there will be fewer fish there. Warmer temperatures also make bacteria (细菌) grow in water. That will cause illness in humans if they eat raw (生的) seafood.

Chocolate

Cacao trees actually like warmer climates as long as there is also a lot of rain. But according to the 2014 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the problem is that the world’s biggest chocolate-producing countries (Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Indonesia) are not getting enough rain now. The hot temperature makes the soil (土壤) dry. This could reduce cocoa production.

根据短文内容回答问题。
1. What makes some food become “endangered”?
_____________________________________________
2. What do Bees live on?
_____________________________________________
3. Where is coffee grown?
_____________________________________________
4. How long do peanut plants need warm weather each year?
_____________________________________________
5. What do Cacao trees need to grow?
_____________________________________________

7 .     1     It is a big part of most people’s lives. There are social apps and sites like WeChat and Sina Weibo, as well as video apps like Douyin and Kuaishou. How do you behave when you use these apps? Recently researchers at the University of Sussex, UK, studied media (媒体) users from 10 to 15 years old. They found there are four personality types (类型).

    2     They don’t have enough knowledge to keep themselves safe online. Their personal information can be made public and cause problems for them. To avoid this, you should check your personal settings on social media. “Friends only” is a good choice. Don’t share your personal information.

    3     They are active social media users, but they find it much more difficult to deal with the life in the real world. Most of them are boys who like playing computer games and making music and videos. They often post creative works online, using unreal names. In fact, they should avoid spending too much time on the Internet.

    4     They like sharing as well, but they are much more visible (看得见的) than Geeks. They might become well-known for their singing or dancing. But many of them, especially teenagers, share almost every side of their lives in order to own more fans. Being a teenage Internet celebrity can sometimes cause problems in the real world.

    5     Most teenagers probably fall into the type, or people who are neither too active nor visible. This group prefers WeChat over Sina Weibo, as WeChat has private groups. They can’t express themselves well, but at least they make sure to protect their privacy (隐私).

（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一项是多余的。

A.Internet celebrities (网红) B.Lurkers (潜伏者) C.Social media D.Victims (受害者) E.Geeks (极客) F.Reporter

（b）根据短文内容，完成信息卡（每空不超过两个词）。

The title: Four Popular Online     6

●They can’t     7     online. ●They easily make their personal information public.

●The users are active on social media,and they feel difficult to deal with the life in the real world. ●They should try to     8     becoming addicted (上瘾的) to the Internet.

●They might be famous for singing or dancing. ●They like to share     9     to have more fans.

●They are neither too active nor visible. They prefer WeChat because it has private groups. ●They have difficulty in     10    .

8 .     1     It’s exciting to watch colorful fireworks (烟花). But have you ever noticed that you don’t see blue fireworks very often?
    2     Blue is the most difficult color to make for fireworks. This is firstly because the evening sky is blue. It means that the color of blue do not show up very well. You have to make the blue very bright so that it will stand out from the sky. However, it’s not easy to make bright blue fireworks.
    3     Different firework colors are made by mixing different elements (元素) together. When the elements start burning, they release (释放出) different wavelengths (波长) of light, which become different colors. Blue needs just the right balance of several chemicals (化学物).
    4     The temperature of the flame (火焰) must also be strictly controlled, which is hard to do.
    5     So if you are lucky enough to see blue fireworks, you should cherish and enjoy them!
根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主题。

A. Cherish and enjoy blue fireworks. B. Blue fireworks are rare (罕见的). C. It’s hard to control the temperature. D. Why blue is the most difficult color to make for fireworks. E. How to make different firework colors.

根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。

Why we don’t often see blue fireworks?

Have you ever noticed that you don’t see     6     fireworks very often?

Blue is the most     7     color to make for fireworks.

This is firstly     8     the evening sky is blue.

Blue needs just the right balance of     9     chemicals (化学物).

So if you are lucky     10     to see blue fireworks, you should cherish and enjoy them!

10 . After having traveled through Thailand for over a month, I feel pleasant, because I’ve seen and learnt quite a few things—not just about the country, but also about Thai people.

Here are some things that I have learned about Thai people:

◆They always give you the warmest, friendliest smile—if you smile first.

That people are often very friendly, and many do smile at you in the street. But most of the time, they look at you, and if your eyes meet and you smile, then they will smile back right away.

If you don’t smile, however, neither do they. My experience has often been that they smile bigger and more brightly than you, when you smile first.

◆No matter how early you get up in the morning, most of them will already be awake and working.

It’s true that I’m an early bird. But no matter when I get up, it feels like the city has been awake for just a little longer than me.

People are already in their shops, at the market or in the factory when I get up. It’s not that the city never sleeps. They just don’t sleep the way we do.

◆When it comes to transport, there is no such thing as “full”.

They can always let one more person get on the bus. We had about 33 people in a mini-bus, which in China maybe only 18 people were allowed to get on—it was crazy!

Have you ever been to Thailand? And what did you learn about Thai people?

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. How long has the writer been in Thailand?
______________________________________
2. What will Thai people do if you smile first?
______________________________________
3. Do they get up early or late?
______________________________________
4. Is it true that the city never sleeps?
______________________________________
5. How many people can be in a mini-bus in Thailand which in China may be only eighteen people were allowed to get on?
______________________________________