3 . How many stars can you see in the night sky? If the answers are “just a few” or “none”, you might be living with light pollution.

Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms nature and people. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals which sleep in the day and are busy at night. Animal scientist Christopher Kyba said man-made light is “the biggest change” humans have brought to these animals.

Small animals use darkness to hide from predators (捕食者). But, he said, cloudy skies near cities are now “hundreds of times” brighter at night. This means that, for example, cats can catch more rats. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all.

Baby sea turtles are born on beaches in the nighttime. They find the water by the light of the ocean horizon (海平线). Man-made lights lead them away from the ocean. In Florida alone, “Millions… die this way every year,” said the US-based International Dark-Sky Association.

Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in the wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings.

1. The underlined words “these animals” refer to __________.

A．the animals which are friendly to humans	B．the animals which are harmful to humans
C．the animals which are sleeping at night	D．the animals which are busy at night

2. From Paragraph 3, we can know that __________.

A．the man-made light is bad for the balance of nature

B．the small animals use man-made light to hide

C．the skies near cities are cleaner at night now

D．the rats will always be enough to feed the cats

3. Where do the sea turtles usually give birth to babies?

A．In the water.	B．On the beaches.
C．By the ocean horizon.	D．Away from the ocean.

4. Because of too much man-made light, the birds will __________.

A．die of illness

B．find their way home

C．get lost easily

D．hit into the planes

5. You can read the passage in __________.

A．a guidebook	B．a magazine
C．a cookbook	D．a diary

4 . 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Plastic Pollution

A sea turtle (龟) notices a white thing floating (漂浮). He thinks it a big dinner—a jellyfish (水母), and eats it. But it isn’t a jellyfish—it’s a plastic bag that could make the sea turtle sick.

Turtles aren’t alone. Over 700 kinds of sea animals have been reported to have eaten or been trapped (困住) in plastic. Scientists think that the amount (数量) of plastic in the ocean might triple (增至三倍) by 2050—and that would mean bad news for the ocean and the animals that live there. But by understanding the problem and taking actions (采取行动), you can help stop that from happening.

What’s the problem with plastic?

Not all plastic is bad. Bike helmets (头盔), car airbags (气囊) and many medical supplies (医疗用品) save lives. Plastic water bottles can bring clean drinking water to people who don’t have it. Plastic straws (吸管) can help people drink. The problem is that most of us use and then throw away more plastic than we need—things like plastic bags, bottles, straws, and plastic packaging (包装). This kind of plastic that people use only once and throw away is called disposable plastic, and it makes up more than 40% of all plastic rubbish.

Where does the plastic go?

That’s a lot of rubbish. Scientists think that about 8.8 million tons of plastic goes into the ocean every year. Plastic on the ground often goes to rivers, finally ending up in the ocean. And because plastic rubbish is different from other types of waste—it doesn’t decompose (分解) back into nature like an apple core (核) or a piece of paper—it stays in the ocean forever. That means waste fishing nets can trap animals and harmful straws and plastic bags can be mistaken as food.

What can we do about it?

We can do so much to help keep Earth clean! Try to use less straws, especially plastic ones. Put our food in reusable containers (可重复使用的容器) instead of plastic bags. We can also help to pick up rubbish around us. By working together, our choices can help save animals and the ocean they live in.

1. Why does the sea turtle eat a plastic bag?
___________________________________________
2. What is disposable plastic?
___________________________________________
3. How much plastic goes into the ocean every year according to the scientists?
___________________________________________
4. Will you try to use less plastic things in the future? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons)
___________________________________________

5 . Human activity is bringing big trouble to Mount Qomolangma. Both microplastics (微塑料) and climate (气候) change have a bad effect (影响) on the mountain, scientists say.

The highest mountain in the world is facing the problem of microplastics. A recent study found that the mountain is full of these plastics, which are usually less than 5 millimeters in size. They can be found in many things, including the clothing, tents and ropes that are left behind by climbers.

Microplastics take thousands of years to break down (分解) on their own. They are already known for posing a danger to sea animals. Now people are worried about Qomolangma, as the mountain already suffers (遭受) from serious pollution.

Global warming is also affecting the mountain, as well as its climbers. Another study points out that the glaciers (冰川) around Qomolangma have thinned by nearly 100 meters since the 1960s. As the ice melts (融化), cracks (裂缝) in the ice are becoming deeper and more dangerous, bringing danger to those who try to climb the mountain, according to Global News.

Landslides (滑坡) are also becoming more probable. There are many parts of the mountain that are held together by just frozen rocks or permafrost (永久冻土), according to Professor Joseph Shea at the University of Northern British Columbia, Canada. When this permafrost melts, the risk of dangerous landslides goes up.

1. Why is Mount Qomolangma full of microplastics?

A．Because of climate change.	B．Because microplastics are tiny.
C．Because of human activity.	D．Because the mountain ice melts.

2. What does the underlined word “posing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．导致

B．感觉

C．警告

D．控制

3. How much have the glaciers probably thinned every ten years since the 1960s?

A．By about 10 meters.	B．By about 17 meters.
C．By about 24 meters.	D．By about 31 meters.

4. In which part of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Education.

B．Health.

C．Technology.

D．Environment.

6 . 听短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。(读两遍)
1. What was the most serious pollution in the speaker’s school?

A．Air pollution.

B．Noise pollution.

C．White pollution.

2. How many students in the school took food in plastic bags three years ago?

A．30%.

B．40%.

C．50%.

3. What did the students do with the plastic bags after they used them?

A．They threw them away.

B．They sold them.

C．They collected them.

4. Why did the students use plastic bags while shopping?

A．Because they were light.

B．Because they were free.

C．Because they were good-looking.

5. Which is the new rule in the school?

A．No smoking.

B．No photos.

C．No plastic bags.

7 . 地球是我们美丽的家园。作为地球的主人，我们都应该好好保护它。你们学校近期举办了“How to protect our environment”的英语作文比赛，请根据以下信息提示写一篇英语作文。

要点：
1. 目前存在的环境问题。
2. 结合生活实际，谈谈如何去保护环境（至少三个方面）。
3. 指出环境保护的重要性并发出保护环境的号召。
要求：
1. 语言流畅，层次清晰，内容包括以上信息，可适当发挥。
2. 词数80—100词，书写规范，卷面整洁。
3. 文中不能出现本人的学校名称和姓名。

How to protect our environment

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

When people talk about air pollution, they are usually thinking about outdoor air pollution. But do you know that there is also air pollution inside homes, ________, hotels and other buildings? The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times more polluted than the air outdoors! According to some American ________, 50% of the illnesses have something to do with the polluted indoor air.

A lot of pollution ________ indoor activities such as smoking and cooking. We know most people ________ about 80%-90% of their time inside buildings. So it is important to take indoor air pollution ________, too.

Air pollution influences our health in many ________. When the air is polluted, it does harm to not only the young people, but also the ________ people with health problems. Indoor air pollution can ________ people’s eyes, noses and throats. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also cause ________ (肺) lung and heart disease! In the Great London Fog in 1952, 4, 000 people ________ in a few days because of the pollution! It is said that half a million young children and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution!

1.

A．offices

B．playgrounds

C．parks

D．streets

2.

A．teachers

B．farmers

C．doctors

D．workers

3.

A．gets to

B．comes from

C．changes into

D．turns into

4.

A．take

B．cost

C．spend

D．pay

5.

A．luckily

B．happily

C．rapidly

D．seriously

6.

A．ways

B．activities

C．games

D．places

7.

A．rich

B．poor

C．young

D．old

8.

A．beat

B．steal

C．cause

D．hurt

9.

A．nice

B．good

C．terrible

D．happy

10.

A．left

B．died

C．lived

D．went