1 . By December of 1914, Britain and Germany had been fighting against each other in World War I for five months. On Christmas Day, something amazing happened. Soldiers of both sides temporarily(临时的) stopped fighting and enjoyed a day of peace.
It all started on the morning of December 25th when the German soldiers climbed out of their deep trenches and crossed the battlefield. “Merry Christmas!” they shouted towards the British. Although the British soldiers did not trust the Germans at first, they did not shoot. Slowly, the British understood that the Germans wanted a short truce(停战) to celebrate Christmas in peace. After a short talk, the British soldiers agreed to it and put down their guns.
Both sides exchanged small presents and cigarettes with their enemies. The Germans and British agreed to let each other collect their dead from the area. A German soldier who was a barber(理发师) before the war gave a British soldier a trim(理发). One of the British soldiers took out a soccer ball and both sides kicked it around.
The Germans and British stopped fighting for most of the day. Some people got very unhappy about this. The leaders of both sides were especially furious. They wanted the men to keep fighting, even on Christmas. Newspapers did not report on the truce until a week later. The Christmas Truce of 1914 is still remembered today. It is an example of how people can stop fighting and come together in peace.
1. According to the article, what happened on Christmas Day in 1914?A.The British and Germans fought a war. |
B.World War I began. |
C.The British and Germans stopped fighting. |
D.The British and Germans went back home. |
A.attacked the Germans |
B.followed their leaders |
C.didn’t agree with the Germans |
D.exchanged small presents with them |
A.Buy cigarettes. | B.Post presents. | C.Shoot their guns. | D.Collect their dead. |
A.dangerous | B.angry | C.energetic | D.excited |
A.British and German soldiers had fought with each other for 5 months in World War I. |
B.British soldiers shouted “Merry Christmas” to the Germans. |
C.The newspapers reported the truce the next day. |
D.People with the same value might come together in peace, though they might have disagreement. |
2 . Over
The Indians went to America
Later, Columbus (哥伦布) found the New World in 1492. At first, only
A.thirty thousands | B.thirty thousand | C.thirty thousand of | D.thirty thousands of |
A.because | B.so | C.but | D.so that |
A.will | B.have to | C.had to | D.needed |
A.a little | B.little | C.few | D.a few |
A.by boats | B.on boats | C.in boat | D.by boat |
3 . In ancient Egypt, women did not go to work. They stayed and worked at home. Many Egyptian men were farmers. Some men were builders or fishermen. Other men worked as artists. Some other important persons did not do any farming.
The weather in Egypt was very hot. Ancient Egyptians did not wear many clothes. Men, women and children often wore simple robes made of thin cloth. On their feet they wore light open shoes. People including women, shaved hair from their heads to keep cool.
Children in ancient Egypt grew up to do the same jobs as their parents. Girls stayed at home with their mothers. They learned to look after the home. Boys worked with their fathers. They learned to do jobs their fathers did. They only went to school to learn to write if they wanted to become a scribe.
Many of the games played by ancient Egyptians are similar to games we still play today. Children played racing and jumping games. They also played ball games and with wooden toys. Older children played a game like chess.
The king of Egypt (the pharaohs) hand enough power to master their country. The people thought that pharaoh was a god. He owned everything. Everyone had to do what he told them to do. The pharaohs built huge tombs. When a pharaoh dies, he was buried in the tomb. The tombs were often in the shape of pyramids. When a pharaoh was buried, he was surrounded by treasure and by things to help him in the next world, such as food, clothes, furniture and weapons.
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New Zealand is an English-speaking country, but the Maori (毛利人的;毛利人) language is another language in this country. The English sailors began to
Later more and more English settlers(殖民者) came to New Zealand and lived there. The Maoris were
However, since last century the Maoris and the English setters have lived in
A.borrow | B.defeat | C.visit | D.punish |
A.living | B.writing | C.polluting | D.greeting |
A.which | B.what | C.that | D.where |
A.rude | B.friendly | C.dangerous | D.angry |
A.decorated | B.improved | C.returned | D.wanted |
A.nice | B.bad | C.good | D.lazy |
A.brought | B.taken | C.made | D.given |
A.war | B.danger | C.trouble | D.peace |
A.Chinese | B.Russian | C.English | D.German |
A.area | B.land | C.language | D.population |
5 . Libraries give kids a quiet and safe place to read and learn. For over 100 years, libraries have played an important role in Americans’ education. But how are these book-filled buildings changing with the times? You may be surprised to find out.
Benjamin Franklin famously founded (创建) America’s first lending library in 1731. But the public library system (系统) got its biggest development in the American history in the late 1800s. Businessman Andrew Carnegie donated millions of dollars to help build free public libraries across the country. Between 1886 and 1919, Carnegie’s donations helped build 1,679 new libraries.
Carnegie believed that libraries could offer the chances to Americans, young and old. He knew that the more libraries there were, the more people would have opportunities to read and use books, speeches and news.
If you can easily find a public library in your community (社区), you’ll get more chances. After all, the United States has 9,225 public libraries. Today, libraries keep growing. Seven tenths of the libraries have free Internet. It provides much more information and opportunities (机会) to ask for jobs online.
Libraries are also teaching kids about the fun of reading. The new program Read! Build! Play! adds reading into playtime. As kids listen to a book that is being read aloud, they use Legos (乐高积木) to build images (图像) from the story happily. Today’s libraries are always looking for creative programs to bring people into the library.
Benjamin Franklin once said, “The doors of wisdom (智慧) are never shut.” As long as the doors of public libraries are open, what he said is most certainly correct!
1. The right order of the following statements is ________.①The public library system in America developed fast.
②The first lending library was founded.
③Libraries provide information and chances to ask for jobs online.
④Libraries try to bring people into the library by using creative programs.
A.②①③④ | B.②③④① | C.③④①② | D.①②③④ |
A.libraries have played an important role in Americans’ education |
B.public libraries in the US should never close the doors |
C.the writer doesn’t agree with Benjamin Franklin |
D.libraries help people to open the doors of wisdom |
A.To build more libraries. |
B.To add reading into playtime. |
C.To provide the libraries with free Internet. |
D.To look for creative programs to bring people into the libraries. |
A.the libraries in the world | B.libraries and opportunities |
C.libraries teach kids to read and learn | D.the development of the American libraries |
6 . Fire was discovered many thousands of years ago. The first time humans saw fire was probably when a tree was destroyed by lightning(闪电). Humans soon learned how to make fire. They probably made the first fire by rubbing (摩擦) two sticks together.
Fire was very important to humans. They needed to keep warm at night. They used fire to cook food. They used fire to keep enemies and wild animals away. In some parts of the world fire was used to send messages. The Indians in America, for example, used fire to make smoke(烟雾) as a message. In some other countries people lit fires to warn their friends of danger.
Fire was also used to give light. Before the invention of the oil lamp(灯), humans burned sticks to get light.
One man even used fire to tell the time. He invented a candle clock. He made a candle that took exactly twelve hours to burn. Then he marked this candle in twelve equal(相等的) parts. He lit the candle and could tell the time by counting the number of parts left of the burning candle. But the candle clock did not always work well. If there was a wind blowing on the candle, it burned too quickly.
(一)根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. How did Indians in America use fire?
2. What happened to the candle if there was a wind blowing on it?
(二)将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
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4.
(三)请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
5.
Nowadays most children have computer games and other mechanical or electric toys. However they also play with some of the same kinds of toys that children played with thousands of years ago.
More than 2, 500 years ago, for example, children in ancient Greece played with skipping ropes and hoops(呼啦圈). They also had spinning tops(陀螺)made of wood, and marbles made of stone or clay. Modern spinning tops are made of plastic, and most marbles nowadays are made of glass but the games children play with are the same.
When archeologists(考古学家)opened the tomb of the Egyptian boy-king Tutankhamen(图坦卡蒙)they found some of his toys. They found a boat and a set of checkers(西洋跳棋). Egyptian children of that time also played with wooden houses on wheels, and balls made of cloth and reeds.
Many years before the time of Tutankhmen, Chinese children played with yo-yos, and dolls made of wood or clay.
Even though many modern toys are complicated and expensive, young children especially enjoy playing with very simple toys. They will probably still be playing with tops, yo-yos and marbles in the year 5, 000, although they might be playing with them on another planet!
1. Today children like ________.① playing computer games ③playing with fire
②playing with mechanical or electrical toys ④playing with very simple toys
A.①②③ | B.①②④ | C.②③④ | D.①②③④ |
A.China | B.Japan | C.India | D.Ancient Greece |
A.making things out of clay | B.playing with ropes and hoops |
C.playing with yo-yos | D.playing checkers |
A.yo-yos | B.wooden dolls | C.checkers | D.clay dolls |
A.not simple | B.different | C.expensive | D.easy |
A.Children’s Favourite Toys over the Years | B.The History of Some Toys |
C.The most popular toys nowadays | D.A New Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhmen |
Money | |
Most money | One kind is made of paper and the other is made of |
Yap money | ●It’s the ●The Yap men have to go to the islands over |
A.metal | B.stone | C.shell |
A.heaviest | B.biggest | C.nicest |
A.16 | B.60 | C.600 |
9 . If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English-William the Conqueror.
Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.
But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.
When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.
1. The two major languages spoken in Britain before 1066 were ________.A.Welsh and Scottish | B.Nordic and Germanic | C.Celtic and Old English | D.Anglo-Saxon and Germanic |
A.President, lawyer, beef | B.President, bread, water | C.Bread, field, sheep | D.Folk, field, cow |
A.Most advertisements in France are in English. | B.They know little of the history of the English language. |
C.Many French words are similar to English ones. | D.They know French better than German. |
A.The history of Great Britain. | B.The similarity between English and French. |
C.The rule of England by William the Conqueror. | D.The French influences on English. |
10 . Most children are introduced to a study of history early in their school life by hearing stories of people who lived in other times and places. They learn that the world has not always been e
Various m