![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/2/4/2391833358123008/2391959443832832/STEM/58a29544-0918-4f4a-8adb-835093825c91.png?resizew=402)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量该电阻丝的直径,如图甲所示的示数为
(2)用多用电表“×1 "倍率的欧姆挡测量该电阻丝的阻值,如图乙所示的示数为
(3)用电流表(内阻约为5Ω)、电压表(内阻约为3kΩ)测量该电阻丝的阻值Rx,为了减小实验误差,并要求在实验中获得较大的电压调节范围,下列电路中符合要求的是
A.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/2/4/2391833358123008/2391959443832832/STEM/68a53951-008e-43ae-8f64-7631a56ca28d.png?resizew=122)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/2/4/2391833358123008/2391959443832832/STEM/4f34795f-8d5f-4dbf-aebd-a7cbb74c9869.png?resizew=121)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/2/4/2391833358123008/2391959443832832/STEM/8f937dc8-a60d-43f4-898d-2ae878ea234b.png?resizew=117)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/2/4/2391833358123008/2391959443832832/STEM/112451da-e6b2-4cd7-8781-7e44fbf1f8ed.png?resizew=104)
(4)用第(3)问中C选项的方法接入不同长度的电阻丝l,测得相应的阻值R,并作出了R-l图象,如图丙所示中符合实验结果的图线是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/2/4/2391833358123008/2391959443832832/STEM/0e1d7e2c-95d2-4ca4-acf6-7486eb2e938b.png?resizew=114)
(1)按如图所示的电路图测量金属丝的电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
电压表V(量程0~3V,内阻约3k
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acf35aa115963656d885b6440d6caa2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d24a506157019d124c84e75ee02cf783.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37161ef4e817d131054e9a7e2e15a1de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
电源E(3V,内阻不计)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/17/9588cf9f-34c3-49ac-8bd0-d25fe864d155.png?resizew=190)
为了调节方便,测量准确,实验中电流表应选
(2)请根据如图所示电路图,用笔画线代替导线将图丙中的实验器材连接起来,并使滑动变阻器的滑片P置于b端时接通电路后的电流最小。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/17/5b1297be-0285-4b55-a1c8-3936e5dcbd80.png?resizew=306)
(3)若通过测量可知,金属丝的长度为l,直径为d,通过金属丝的电流为I,对应金属丝两端的电压为U,由此可计算得出金属丝的电阻率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
A.多用电表一只
B.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48fade4e14bf5845ff14f9e95bb6bfef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df948c14d7be289d5cfcdba69abaad96.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/13967a6f0f663b47880b203e5fc24728.png)
C.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db7e6a5cdbded2a7fbbfe503b87747bc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e6adf018661822b7ec8e0d70579a21bb.png)
D.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60630a4e584fd33e0bff41486ffba31a.png)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/10407f6a65d98da3750cbfa769d06a2c.png)
F.电池
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07f90a5d613cdcd9c87d63eb7c2d421f.png)
G.开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d43eb0b274e00cbbc4a210da4165042.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530f5b63e797195906285c0c03eb9276.png)
(1)首先用多用电表粗测线圈的电阻,操作步骤如下:
①机械调零后将红、黑表笔分别插入多用电表的“+”“-”插孔,选择欧姆“
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d55519bd96aba05e6f1533ddc7bb63fa.png)
②把红、黑表笔分别与自感线圈的两端相接,发现多用电表的指针读数太小;
③为了较准确地进行测量,重新选择恰当的倍率;
④把红、黑表笔分别与自感线圈的两端相接,稳定后多用电表表盘示数如图a所示。
上述步骤中遗漏的重要步骤是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/3/23/2684312341274624/2684664565121024/STEM/21efb2b3-beb7-4f52-adcc-e8dad49f4e26.png?resizew=383)
(2)根据多用电表的示数,为了减少实验误差,并在实验中获得尽可能大的电压调节范围,应从图b中的A、B、C、D四个电路中选择
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eedaeb8fa3bd322124a8c35f3c4dabdd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52637d2e7d8a5a0ecdcf56510613a81.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/103aa9c8f5d10a9714fefea533c4a308.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21222c91b8953e1e6b2e02cf5bef2f5f.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/3/23/2684312341274624/2684664565121024/STEM/225d9dbd-64b9-479a-8d1d-e0a878af0b37.png?resizew=766)
(3)某学生进行的实验步骤如下:
a.按电路图连接好实验电路;
b.合上开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d43eb0b274e00cbbc4a210da4165042.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530f5b63e797195906285c0c03eb9276.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e105760638b22b26ff8bec4354255e4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b52b4f24969673c863b5aff4fb6751ce.png)
c.重复b步骤多次;
d.先断开开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d43eb0b274e00cbbc4a210da4165042.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530f5b63e797195906285c0c03eb9276.png)
e.求出每次
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b52b4f24969673c863b5aff4fb6751ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e105760638b22b26ff8bec4354255e4c.png)
请指出上述实验步骤中的错误
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/29/03cf57f9-28d2-43f0-b5cb-06fa49b826ee.png?resizew=239)
(1)该同学用游标卡尺测量该导体的长度,测量结果如图1所示,则该导体的长度为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
(2)该同学测量导体的电阻率。若该同学测得电压表的读数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b52b4f24969673c863b5aff4fb6751ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e105760638b22b26ff8bec4354255e4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c02bc0c74292b1e8f395f90935d3174.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d7ba45a0d9dba951f60508224978b727.png)
(3)图2中的电表均不能视为理想电表,已知待测导体的电阻值较小,为了较为准确测量其电阻值,请将图2所示的实物电路补充完整
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/29/0da8f9f1-5e5d-4c9d-a0fd-4fab56182c3b.png?resizew=212)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/21/1291984a-d30a-46c1-bf34-accc551bc29c.png?resizew=400)
(1)用如图甲所示的游标卡尺测新材料制成的圆柱体长度,其读数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efa9fbcfb9595e2f031aa691db4564b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
(2)先用多用电表粗测其电阻为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aeac921b936467bb4a262537616cfac2.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/21/62206308-b0c5-41bf-a036-5f9ed0f4baae.png?resizew=203)
A.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d64b26bd3eaeebadf07fef49e260282.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/549b8489b17608927e9ba3f6d2da1f16.png)
B.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ae62ccc477cd41615b417464841047f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c2ab5e570e63c28918742f29cb47c69.png)
C.电流表A(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5c5c631f2750511e61b1fbcca001dd5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d941822843eff28c70023ea38051c307.png)
D.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a9b927d30c402340c928af5aa1c3a002.png)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ccdcc6bede12b24080797107c96837ba.png)
F.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ec6ec06bd32883db9b4ea250b06d4313.png)
G.开关S,导线若干
测滑动变阻器应选
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
A. 电源
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/781884d55a55b3574cafbf362d2b3a59.png)
B. 电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/478abdd84506a8ef759e353a238db6c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3088c2099211295de775ee33dd1d03fc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/939ae5a6a585eafc4d49879893e7b356.png)
C. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db586f2c37b26089713ff02346e6d0d8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3ed734a4b57c6d63e19d403f419d3c7.png)
D. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bc9d1ce44013cb5ba7c6038dabc2803d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8be2d79deda8cfad829b3b4698bc84e3.png)
E. 滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b132e0cbd0e446630f4bb65804ce581.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
F. 开关导线若干
G. 游标卡尺
H. 螺旋测微器
(1)用游标卡尺测得该材料的长度如图甲所示,读数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/1/16/2902812972802048/2904791760486400/STEM/8a3dc8d9-0d77-4d95-abf9-c32cfc063159.png?resizew=410)
(2)用多用电表估测导线电阻,选择
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aaf3a1e976dc7ccea4600a8ad1121760.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cffa35373ec4e4684107b42adb7a5161.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/1/16/2902812972802048/2904791760486400/STEM/0b01f79c-f4a6-4384-af06-4800d27bfd55.png?resizew=370)
(3)为了便于调节,测量的尽可能准确,选择合适的实验器材,在图丁方框内把实验原理图补充完成:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/1/16/2902812972802048/2904791760486400/STEM/2404219c-b802-4ac2-99ef-d4967ba60bc4.png?resizew=164)
(4)已知测得金属线的电阻为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
(1)用毫米刻度尺测量其长度,用螺旋测微器测量其直径,结果分别如图甲和图乙所示。由图可知其长度
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/9/28/7c7aad6d-c7d8-456a-88f0-fd4eb954428a.png?resizew=516)
(2)该同学计划用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e43cca5751eff3d24b64cb51006d6d7.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/9/28/cd129991-fe0c-4ac2-b0e9-168853d53905.png?resizew=194)
(3)图丁是实验中根据测得的6组电流I、电压U的值描的点,由图求出的电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e3ef4881bd7c5860178dbdbc7bba6e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cffa35373ec4e4684107b42adb7a5161.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/9/28/ee1e343d-ed43-4055-8dc3-552cdb996281.png?resizew=240)
(4)待测金属丝的电阻率的表达式为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
(1)然后用图螺旋测微器测其直径D=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/11/21/3114328599511040/3114495528394752/STEM/91ded18fbe4346cebc45fac77d6d0779.png?resizew=173)
A.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48fade4e14bf5845ff14f9e95bb6bfef.png)
B.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
C.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
D.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
F.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
G.输出电压为3V的直流稳压电源E
H.电阻箱
L.开关S,导线若干
(2)为了测量范围尽可能大一些,则上述器材中电流表选取
(3)请在虚线框内设计最合理的电路图
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/11/21/3114328599511040/3114495528394752/STEM/46481d3a4e5f4f619e852a0e86521134.png?resizew=205)
A.游标卡尺
B.螺旋测微器
C.电流表A1(量程为50mA,内阻r1为150Ω)
D.电流表A2(量程为100mA,内阻r2约为40Ω)
E.电压表V(量程为3V,内阻r3约为3KΩ)
F.滑动变阻器R1(总阻值为200Ω,额定电流2A)
G.滑动变阻器R2(总阻值为100Ω,额定电流0.1A)
H.直流电源E(电动势为12V,内阻不计)
I.待测圆柱体导体棒样品
J。开关一只,导线若干
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/11/18/2595766524518400/2596175491121152/STEM/1dcd09e0-e1b4-442b-878f-1f21eee5e7bc.png?resizew=760)
(1)该实验小组首先用游标卡尺测得该样品的长度如图甲所示,其示数L=
(2)为测量样品电阻率,该实验小组又对样品电阻进行精确测量。
①设计的电路原理图如丙所示,图中虚线框中应选器材
②闭合开关,按正确的实验步骤进行测量,图丙中虚线框中仪器的读数为a,
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/11/18/2595766524518400/2596175491121152/STEM/0898edc33614470aa7f331c74f0ca447.png?resizew=17)
10 . 某同学查阅资料后发现,金属丝的电阻率ρ随温度变化的规律为ρ=ρ0(1+αt),其中α称为电阻温度系数,ρ0是金属丝在t=0℃时的电阻率。该同学利用实验室中的器材测定某种金属丝的电阻温度系数。实验的主要步骤如下:
a.将满偏电流Ig=120mA、内阻rg=2.0Ω的灵敏电流计并联一电阻R,改装成量程为0.6A的电流表;
b.用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径;
c.将金属丝接入如图甲所示的电路中,用米尺测量金属丝接入电路中的有效长度;
d.闭合电键,调节滑动变阻器滑片的位置,测量金属丝的温度并记下电压表及灵敏电流计的多组示数;
e.改变金属丝的温度,重复实验;
f.算出不同温度下金属丝的电阻率,将电阻率与温度的数据在坐标纸中描出点迹,如图乙所示。
请回答以下问题:
(1)R=
(2)某次测量螺旋测微器的读数如图丙所示,则读数为
(3)某次实验中,电压表的示数为2V,灵敏电流计的示数为100mA,则金属丝的电阻为
(4)该金属丝的电阻温度系数α=