1 . Read the following car rental agreement of Avis and answer the questions.
Kindly indicate your return km reading, fuel gauge (计量器) reading, date and time, and return this envelope, with your keys, to the rental counter.
Document numberReturn km reading | ||||||||||||||||||
Return fuel gauge √ | E | 1/8 | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | F | |||||||||
Return date | Return time |
Safe Driving in South Africa
DRIVER’S LICENCEWhen driving, you must be in possession of your driver’s license at all times.
SEAT BELTSThe law requires that you wear seat belts at all times.
DRIVINGIn South Africa, driving is on the left-hand side of the road.
SPEED LIMITSGenerally 60 km/h in built-up areas, 100 km/h in rural areas and 120 km/h on highways.
PETROLPetrol is available 24 hours per day. Unleaded (无铅) petrol should be used in Avis cars. Credit cards are not accepted for the payment of petrol.
SAFETYFor your own safety, keep your doors locked while driving.
LOCK UPShut windows and lock all doors and the boot when leaving the vehicle unattended.
VALUABLESDo not leave personal belongings such as cell phones and valuables in your vehicle. They are not covered by our insurance.
TYRESAvis undertakes that on delivery of the vehicle to the driver, the condition of the tyres will be agreeable to the laws and the tyre pressure in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications (说明书) for “normal use”.
It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure that both the condition and inflation (膨胀) of the tyres are appropriate throughout the course of the rental.
It is the responsibility of the driver to inspect the condition of the tyres at the beginning of the rental and to make adjustments to the tyre pressure to take into account such factors as the number of passengers, mass of luggage, environment temperatures, speed and road condition.
ROAD MAPSMaps of Southern Africa, including city and regional maps, can be found in a copy of the Avis Inbound magazine, in each vehicle or at the Avis Customer Service Center. More extensive area maps are obtainable from the Automobile Association (AA) and South African Tourism.
1. The passage is intended for ______.A.car renters | B.traffic police |
C.insurance sellers | D.automobile mechanics |
A.make the tyre condition agreeable to the laws |
B.adjust tyre pressure with many factors considered |
C.work out the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications |
D.be responsible for driving safety and road condition |
A.The speed limit in different areas. |
B.The requests of giving cars back to Avis. |
C.The ways to keep personal possessions safe. |
D.The instructions to fix flat tyres on the road. |
2 . When Carolina Escudero was severely depressed, going to a therapist’s office became hard to face. So she joined BetterHelp, a popular therapy app. She paid $65 each week but spent most of her time waiting for her assigned counsellor to respond. She got two responses in a month.“It was like texting an acquaintance who has no idea how to deal with mental illness,” she says. BetterHelp says its service does not claim to operate around the clock, all its therapists have advanced degrees and “thousands of hours of hands-on clinical work”, and users are able easily to switch them if scheduling is hard.
Helping people to deal with mental problems has rarely been more urgent. The incidence of depression and anxiety has soared in the pandemic by more than 25% globally in 2020, according to the Lancet, a medical journal. That, combined with more people using online services, has led to a boom in mental-health apps. The American Psychological Association reckons 10,000-20,000 are available for download.
Underneath, though, a trauma lies in some corners of the industry. In October 2020 hackers who had breached Vastaamo, a popular Finnish startup, began blackmailing some of its users. Vastaamo required therapists to back up patient notes online but reportedly did not anonymize (匿名) them. Threatening to share private information on the dark web, the hackers reportedly demanded money from some 30,000 patients.
Other cases may arise. No universal standards for storing “emotional data” exist. John Torous of Harvard Medical School, who has reviewed 650 mental- health apps, describes their privacy policies as terrible. Some share information with advertisers. “When I first joined BetterHelp, I started to see targeted ads with words that I had used on the app to describe my personal experiences,” reports one user.
As for effectiveness, the apps’ methods are exceedingly difficult to evaluate. Woebot, for instance, is a chat robot which uses artificial intelligence to reproduce the experience of cognitive behavioural therapy. The product is marketed as clinically validated based in part on a scientific study which concluded that humans can form meaningful bonds with robots. But the study was written by people with financial links to Woebot.
Mental-health apps were designed to be used in addition to clinical care, not in the place of them. With that in mind, the European Commission is reviewing the field. It is getting ready to promote a new standard that will apply to all health apps. A letter-based scale will rank safety, user friendliness and data security. Liz Ashall-Payne, founder of ORCHA, a British startup that has reviewed thousands of apps, says that 68% did not meet the firm’s quality criteria. Time to head back to the couch?
1. What can we learn about Betterhelp?A.Betterhelp is highly responsive to users' needs. |
B.Betterhelp provides around-the-clock service. |
C.Betterhelp is an app helping people deal with mental problems. |
D.Betterhelp is trustworthy in terms of protecting users’ privacy. |
①The increasing awareness of one’s physical and mental health.
②The soaring incidence of mental problems during the pandemic.
③The widespread use of online services.
④The universal standards in quality evaluation.
A.①② | B.②③ | C.③④ | D.①④ |
A.To illustrate to readers what kind of product Woebot is. |
B.To inform readers that Woebot is clinically validated. |
C.To show how artificial intelligence is used in health apps. |
D.To prove how difficult it is to evaluate the effectiveness of health apps. |
A.Optimistic. | B.Indifferent. | C.Doubtful. | D.Negative. |
3 . The red phone box in Britain is a perfect example of the British traditional culture. However, with the fast development of mobile phones, it has lost its place in people’s everyday life. In order to save their loved red phone boxes, people have thought up many ideas, for example, to turn them into toilets or art houses.
In a village in Somerset, a place in South West England, villagers have found a novel way to save their red phone box. They turned it into a mini library to deal with the shortage of libraries in their area. The idea was given by a local villager, Janet Fisher, who lives opposite the phone box. Villagers rallied together to set up the book box. Over 100 books and a variety of movies and music CDs are available at this tiny library. The books are of different kinds, ranging from cooking books to the classics and children’s books.
People can put the books that they have read inside the phone box, and take away the books that they’d like to read. The books are always changing. There is a regular check on the books to keep the phone box collection fresh.
Anyone is free to come to read books there. The phone box library is open every day around the clock and is lit at night. “It’s very pleasing that the red phone box has been saved. More importantly, it can continue providing a service for us,” said one of the villagers.
1. The red phone box has been a symbol of ________.A.the European architecture | B.the British culture |
C.the development of technology | D.British people’s daily life |
A.separate | B.traditional | C.ridiculous | D.new |
A.keep its original function |
B.make up for the lack of library service |
C.provide a place to exchange ideas |
D.to enlarge the collection of the local library |
A.The library is open to the public only at night. |
B.The library was set up by a local villager living opposite a phone box. |
C.People can borrow books and other audio-visual products there. |
D.Regular check is made to keep the books in good order. |
4 . In recent days, a netizen left a comment on the official website of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, urging the relevant authorities to issue a statement to encourage residents to not be influenced by superstition and continue with their marriage plans as usual during the Year of the Dragon.
The Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs promptly responded, stating that they would pay attention to this issue. The department explained that there is a year in the lunar calendar that does not have the beginning of spring solar term (节气), which occurs approximately once every two to three years.
The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is celebrated on the first day of the first lunar month each year. However, its date on the Gregorian calendar (公历) varies from year to year. Start of Spring, which is the first of the 24 solar terms, is considered the official beginning of spring.
Why did the ancients think that “no spring year” was not suitable for marriage? As the weather warms up and spring arrives, the earth awakes from its winter hibernation. The rain falls, the thunder surges, and everything in the world comes alive once again. At such a good time, they usually associated the beginning of spring with fertility. If spring does not come, reproduction will not be prosperous. “No spring” means “no child”, and getting married is the most taboo. Superstitions about this time of year often focus on avoiding marriage or other important events because it is believed to be unlucky.
The Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs emphasized that these superstitions, which mean false beliefs without scientific evidence, should not have the final say about people's decisions about their marriages or other important life events. They encouraged residents to continue with their plans as usual during this period and not be influenced by superstition.
The department also reminded the public that marriage is a personal decision that should be based on love, mutual respect, and consideration for each other’s future. They emphasized that the government will continue to provide support and assistance to ensure that all citizens can enjoy a stable and happy life.
1. What was the reason behind the netizen’s comment on the Ministry of Civil Affairs’ website?A.To request detailed information about the spring solar term this Year of the Dragon. |
B.To express dissatisfaction with the government policies to issue a ban on marriage this year. |
C.To motivate inhabitants to resist the impact of unscientific beliefs in the Year of the Dragon. |
D.To criticize the Ministry of Civil Affairs for their delayed response. |
A.Due to unfavorable weather conditions in the “no spring” solar term. |
B.Because it was believed to bring bad luck and misfortune. |
C.As a result of scientific evidence proving it was unlucky. |
D.To avoid conflicts with traditional customs and the wedding ceremonies. |
A.Encouraging residents to follow traditional superstitions by getting married as planned. |
B.Discouraging people from getting married during the Year of the Dragon. |
C.Emphasizing that unscientific beliefs should not have an impact on marriage decisions. |
D.Urging the public to protest against the complicated traditional Spring Festival celebrations. |
5 . This is a page from a college information handbook. It tells you where you can find various college services and facilities.
WHERE TO FIND HELP IN THE COLLEGE
Here is the location of some important college services and facilities.
Rooms numbered 100-130 are on the first floor and those numbered 200-300 on the second floor of the main college block.
Student Services Centre 114
The staff members are available to advise on career choice and applications for higher education.
Accommodation Office 115
Mrs J Wardle is available each afternoon from 1:30 to 4:30 to help students with problems relating to housing.
Medical Room 119
Mrs Wright, the college nurse, is available each morning from 9:30 to 12:00 a.m. The college doctor is in attendance on Wednesday mornings.
Sports Office 207
Mr B Murie can provide information about sporting and keep-fit activities.
Student Union Office 222
A range of services and advice (travel,party etc.) are provided.
Food Service 127
Mr G Nun is the manager and will do his best to help if you require special diet.
Library 215
Besides books this also has photocopying (复印), video, audio-visual and computing facilities.
Self Access Language Learning Centre 203
Students can attend on a drop-in basis from 9:00 a.m.to 4:15 p.m.
1. Where should you go for help if you fail to find a place to live in?A.Room 115. | B.Room 207. | C.Room 222. | D.Room 119. |
A.Food Service | B.Student Services Centre | C.Library | D.Medical Room |
A.a (预订) is necessary in the Self Langunge Learning Centre |
B.a foreign student may go to Room 127 to ask for a supply of some special food |
C.the college nurse is available for some time after noon |
D.students can do some sports in Room 207 |
6 . Some people have lot of hair while others have a little. Some people have no hair on the top of their head; they are bald. The important thing is - are you happy with the hair you have?
Problem hair is often a result of an unhealthy diet and lifestyle.
To ensure your hair looks its best, pay attention to what you eat. Lack of protein and iron makes your hair less shiny. So, you need adequate amounts of green vegetables, fruits and dairy products. Drink eight to ten glasses of water a day. This will help keep your hair from becoming dry. Avoid eating sweets or high-fat foods. They can slow hair growth.
Stress in your life can also secretly rob your hair of its shiny beauty. Relaxing music and more rest are both remedies for stress.
In addition, remember to rinse your hair thoroughly after you shampoo it. Brushing your hair regularly will help it grow. It will also make it look healthy. Do not rub your hair too quickly when you dry it. It could damage your hair.
Last, be sure to choose the right hair products. The choices you make are they key to healthy hair.
1. The author mentions the different people’s hair in paragraph 1 to ________.A.introduce the following topic of hair care. | B.show the importance of having a lot of hair |
C.stress people’s dissatisfaction with their hair | D.describe the current situation of hair care market |
A.have more green vegetables and dairy products | B.eat fewer candies or foods containing much fat |
C.drink eight or more glasses of water a day. | D.listen to relaxing music and take more test |
A.often | B.thoroughly | C.quickly | D.happily |
A. | B. |
C. | D. |
7 . Are You a Moring Person?
Mornings are not for everyone. Knowing that our own bodies may be wired to prefer a certain time of day is certainly a relief. But many of us still have to wake up and function during those first daylight hours. So what can you do?
We tapped a variety of experts - from sleep experts to nutritionists to life organizational pros (生活管理达人) — to share their tricks on how to make morning less stressful and more pleasant for even the most after-hours of night owls.
1. Night waking
Poor sleep quality can explain why we sometimes wake up from eight hours of snoozing and feel like we only clocked in at four. “It’s normal to have one or two awakenings, but more than that leaves us feeling groggy (昏昏沉沉) in the morning because of the fragmented sleep,” explains Shelby Harris, director of the behavioral sleep medicine program at Montefiore Medical Center.
2. The Science of snoozing
The snooze button does more harm than good. Nodding off again sends you into a light and fragmented sleep! Multiple snoozes can leave you feeling groggier than just getting out of bed the first time. Instead, be honest about the time you intend to get up and then enjoy every last minute of sleep, so you can wake up alert and ready to go.
3. Don’t ease into your workday
It can be tempting to plow through the easy things early on—checking e-mail, scanning the headlines—but it’s wise to tackle the bigger stuff first. “Getting to work on the most important tasks not only ups the chances that they actually get done, but it also leaves you with a burst of accomplishment to take with you the rest of the day,” says Jason Selk, coauthor of Organize Tomorrow Today.
4. Save social media for later
Schedule a social media block later in the afternoon to check in when you’re likely to need a break anyway, and save the morning for the important stuff.
1. What’s the purpose of the passage?A.To help us to get the most out of our mornings. |
B.To relieve us from the guilt of multiple snoozes in the morning. |
C.To warn us of the harm of not getting out of bed immediately. |
D.To inform us about the fact that our bodies are wired to prefer a certain time of day. |
A.One or two awakenings ensure us a good night’s sleep. |
B.To be an early bird, better forget about the snooze button. |
C.It’s important not to block social medium if you want to save your morning. |
D.Beginning a day with easy things aroused our interest and a sense of accomplishment. |
A.Classified Advertisement | B.Travel Brochure |
C.Life and Study | D.Scientific Journal |
Peking University will be the first Chinese university to open an oversea branch in Oxford next year.
According to Peking University, its HSBC Business School has got a campus in Oxford from the Open University in Britain. This purchase comes as the government steps up efforts to build globally famous universities that will lead the world in teaching and research.
People: Chinese Cambridge student shares his experience
From a struggling student to attending one of the most famous universities, Han Zhenyu’s hard work seems to have paid off. Recently, Han shared his experience with students and their parents in his home city of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. The 21-year-old student is now in his third year majoring in mathematics at Cambridge University, one of the top colleges in the world. Using his experience, he is helping seven other Chinese students to follow in his footsteps.
Society: Quake-hit areas given a new life
Visitors to Qinglongchang village in Longmen township in Lushan, a county in Sichuan Province, will be able to appreciate the new houses built for the residents following reconstruction work after an earthquake, which broke out on April 20, 2013. With the backing of governments at different levels, 232 centralized resettlement areas with brand-new houses were built for farmers within three years of the quake.
1. What will Peking University do next year?A.It will open a foreign branch in Oxford. | B.It will get a campus in Oxford. |
C.It will lead the world in teaching and research. | D.It will become globally famous. |
A.Because he wants to show off. |
B.Because he wants to be famous. |
C.Because he wants to help more Chinese students. |
D.Because he majors in mathematics in Cambridge. |
A.visitors. | B.Governments. | C.Kind people. | D.Local farmers. |
A.An announcement | B.News | C.Book review | D.An advertisement |
9 . Your gift today will provide an innovative solution to end hunger
Three years of drought in Zimbabwe have left fields too dry to grow crops. Poor rural farmers are desperate to feed their hungry children. They rely on emergency food aid to survive--just enough food for one meal a day.
Solar gardens help families thrive
Your gift to Practical Action today will help us work with struggling farming families in two of the poorest regions of Zimbabwe: Bulilima and Gwanda. You'll help provide a life-changing solution so farmers can grow plenty to feed their families, making hunger and poverty a thing of the past. With your help, these small changes can transform lives:
1. What does Planting for Progress appeal do for the struggling farmers?
A.It trains farmers to research new varieties of seeds. |
B.It uses green technology to ensure water supply. |
C.It transforms the soil to prevent failed harvest. |
D.It teaches farmers marketing skills to boost crop sales. |
A.calling 08003891624 in person |
B.visiting practicalaction.org/thrive |
C.emailing myprivacy@practicalaction.org.uk |
D.mailing to a given address |
A.encourage public donations to charity |
B.introduce the various charity work done |
C.outline procedures of donating to charity |
D.raise awareness of ending world hunger |
10 . Britain has a complete network of public libraries, administered by local library authorities: These libraries have a’ total collection of some 115 million books.
About one-third of the total population are members of public libraries. This leading and reference library service is, with some limitations, free.
Public libraries not only lend books, music scores, and records, but also provide libraries for children, patients in hospital and prisoners in jails, among others. They engage in many other kinds of activities as well, such as organizing play readings, lectures, films shows and musical circles. They also help to promote and develop adult education.
The greatest and most famous library in Britain is that of the British Museum (now part of the British Library created in 1973), which possesses over six million books. A copy of every book, magazines, newspaper, etc. , published in Great Britain must be sent to the British Museum. The Reading Room of the Museum is famous for the number of scholars and notables who have studied in it. The British Museum Library is not a lending library.
The second best-known library in Britain is the Boldeian Library at Oxford (over two million volumes). The National Library of Scotland (about two million volumes) and the National Library of Wales (more than one and a quarter million volumes) are also famous, and may claim a copy of every new work published in Britain. There is also a National Library for the Blind, with over three hundred thousand volumes in a specially embossed type.
1. The services public libraries offer are .A.only lending books, music scores and records |
B.organizing play reading, stage performances and film shows |
C.providing libraries for some groups of people |
D.helping to promote and develop school education |
A.the number of famous readers |
B.its long history |
C.more than six million books |
D.the rare books, magazines and newspapers |
A.is the second best-known library | B.possesses over two million volumes |
C.is not a lending library | D.possesses volumes in a special type |
A.The British Museum | B.Public Libraries in Britain |
C.The Kinds of Libraries | D.The Services of Libraries |