2 . Taste memory is a kind of interesting memory. It is not only the memory of the smell itself, but also the associative memory of the things related to the smell and the emotional memory related to the judgment of the likes and dislikes of the smell. In short, when we smell a familiar smell, our first reaction is to search for the possible source of the smell in our memory - a certain kind of food? Some kind of perfume? Someone? Some place? Even if we smell a strange smell, we will subconsciously look for the smell similar to the smell in our memory.

The particularity of taste is also closely related to our survival instinct - because taste is often associated with food. It is an important survival skill to judge the food's edibility by smell. I have been experimenting with taste aversion(厌恶) memory for a period of time - a taste that has never been encountered and cannot be identified as safe. If there are adverse physiological reactions after eating, I will instinctively avoid this taste the next time I encounter it. This kind of phenomenon will be restrained to a certain extent when it comes to the familiar taste of safety, which is called "potential inhibition", that is, the degree of aversion will be reduced. However, if a person is familiar with the safe taste and has a very serious reaction, this taste will be associated with painful memory, then even if he knows that the taste is safe, he will also involuntarily avoid the food or affect his appetite. This fully shows that taste is not a single memory, but mixed with a large number of other memories.

"People's memory of smell will never be forgotten" - I don't know the origin of this proposition, and it's   also too absolute to say that it will never be forgotten - in fact, many diseases lead to people's inability to smell smell, let alone their memory of smell. However, due to the particularity of taste, different taste can not only cause active memory, but also cause a variety of subconscious memory, and also bring a variety of physiological reactions in the body. Therefore, compared with other kinds of memory, it is not easy to forget, which is more reasonable.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．Taste memory is a simple memory for the smell itself

B．Taste memory is the association and emotional memory related to the smell

C．The particularity of taste is closely related to our survival instinct

D．We will subconsciously look for similar taste in memory, and it is the same when we feel strange smell

2. Which of the following statements is wrong in the experiment of taste aversion memory?

A．Taste may be remembered alone

B．The potential inhibition occurs in familiar and safe environment

C．The safe taste in memory may also have adverse reactions after eating

D．The aversion of familiar taste after adverse reaction will be reduced

3. What might the underlined words in the second paragraph mean?

A．in spite of oneself

B．Freewill

C．Autonomous

D．From the heart

4. What is the best title of the article?

A．People's perception of smell

B．The relationship between smell and people

C．Will the memory of smell never be forgotten?

D．Research on taste memory

3 . On my first day of the sixth grade,I noticed one little girl called Amy on the school bus.”Don’t _______ her,” Lauren said, who sat beside me. “Or they will make fun of you.”

Amy had many _______ differences - lots of reasons for other kids to make fun of her. Her eyes weren’t straight. Her glasses were an inch thick. And she had really ugly teeth.

Every day _______we drove to and from school, kids would shout insults (侮辱) at Amy. “God, what a (n) _______ face! Stop looking at me!” “Mr. Rolland (the driver) ! Amy took off her_______,and now her eyes are _______ me! “Make her put them back on! “ For a while I shouted my share of insults,just so I would fit in (合群)._______,I didn’t want them to treat me the same way they treated Amy.

But while I was insulting her, my heart _______ for the girl. I could see that the insults were making her look _______ , because she was so ashamed (羞愧)and alone. Then I wanted to ________ her. I just didn’t know how to stop my schoolmates________ the night of our class roller - skating party.

Our whole class was there, including Amy. Amy didn’t know how to ________ , but I could see how much she wanted to ________ like the rest of us. So I skated over   to her and took her by the hand; we began the journey together around the skating rink (溜冰场).She just smiled, and sometimes she would laugh in ________ .

On the school bus the next morning there was much news about Amy and me________together, ________ nobody insulted her or me. And they didn’t do that for the rest of the year.

After graduation, I never ________ Amy again. However, I never forget her and I have always ________ if I changed her life for the better. But I know for sure she   changed my __________ After becoming her friend, I no longer tried to impress (给留下印象)people by trying to ________ like them. I became myself.

1.

A．laugh at

B．ask about

C．talk to

D．be afraid of

2.

A．common

B．small

C．social

D．physical

3.

A．as

B．though

C．after

D．before

4.

A．pretty

B．strange

C．ordinary

D．lovely

5.

A．glasses

B．coat

C．shoes

D．hat

6.

A．frightening

B．interesting

C．encouraging

D．injuring

7.

A．Instead

B．After all

C．If so

D．Therefore

8.

A．beat

B．lost

C．ached

D．opened

9.

A．happier

B．taller

C．prettier

D．uglier

10.

A．give into

B．deal with

C．stand up for

D．believe in

11.

A．until

B．except

C．before

D．after

12.

A．stand

B．skate

C．play

D．walk

13.

A．catch up

B．have fun

C．sit down

D．fall over

14.

A．fear

B．surprise

C．comfort

D．joy

15.

A．talking

B．chatting

C．skating

D．travelling

16.

A．so

B．because

C．but

D．still

17.

A．wrote to

B．laughed at

C．heard from

D．made fun of

18.

A．hoped

B．wondered

C．thought

D．considered

19.

A．life

B．mind

C．interest

D．friend

20.

A．study

B．fight

C．act

D．play

4 . Recently I understood the true meaning of love. The _________ was Kane, my neighbor Joline’s two-year-old son.

Kane was born with a physical problem on his _________. And I witnessed the _________ that Kane’s physical shortcomings had on his family. I also witnessed much more than that. I saw a _________ family that embraced (拥抱) this special child. A family that wouldn’t allow Kane to know he was _________. Joline had constructed a small cart just a few inches off the floor for his son to_______. Kane used his hands to move about, and the cart _________ him to “go to” any place just as everyone else was able to do. Kane was not just a member of the family, but the _________ of the family.

With a wide smile, it was easy to see that even at the age of two, Kane liked to _________ with people very much. With wisdom of an individual, this boy even __________ the most complex of human emotions. Later I came to __________that this child was sent to help some of us who weren’t just getting what love was all about.

Kane demanded attention, __________ not because of his mobility (移动能力) challenges or other apparent shortcomings. In his mind, he had no __________ or shortcomings. The __________ was that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.

Kane __________ me in a deep way. His ability to refuse to be different has __________ me. Kane was and is __________ lots of warm and powerful energy to me. From him and his family I learnt the __________: love surpasses (超越) all things. I can only imagine that as the parent of a child like Kane one might be filled with __________. But I believe that having a child like Kane is actually a(n) __________. The parents of such special babies are angels too, just as the babies are.

1.

A．problem

B．reason

C．matter

D．pressure

2.

A．hands

B．eyes

C．legs

D．arms

3.

A．effect

B．comment

C．demand

D．look

4.

A．similar

B．wonderful

C．practical

D．fair

5.

A．irregular

B．difficult

C．different

D．terrible

6.

A．go ahead

B．speed up

C．turn out

D．get around

7.

A．invited

B．allowed

C．advised

D．caused

8.

A．symbol

B．signal

C．center

D．mark

9.

A．communicate

B．compare

C．agree

D．compete

10.

A．reminded

B．understood

C．discovered

D．trusted

11.

A．recognize

B．experience

C．imagine

D．realize

12.

A．and

B．or

C．but

D．as

13.

A．challenges

B．expectations

C．promises

D．chances

14.

A．goal

B．result

C．possibility

D．truth

15.

A．touched

B．stopped

C．caught

D．kept

16.

A．puzzled

B．shocked

C．amused

D．inspired

17.

A．even

B．yet

C．still

D．almost

18.

A．lesson

B．subject

C．notice

D．skill

19.

A．excitement

B．determination

C．anger

D．anxiety

20.

A．ability

B．advantage

C．problem

D．exception

5 . John，an academically excellent young man，went to apply for a management position in a big company. The director did the last____
The director asked，“Who paid for your school fees?” John answered，“My____did. When I was young，my father____ ”Then he continued，“____was your mother?” John answered，“My mother worked as a____cleaner. ”Hearing this, the director asked John to____his hands. John reached out his hands that were____and perfect. The director said，“I have a ____When you go home，clean your mother’s hands and see me tomorrow.”
John felt____but did it. His tears fell____he cleaned his mother’s hands. He noticed for the first time that her hands were so____ Also John____that it was this pair of hands that washed clothes every day to____him. After cleaning his mother’s hands，John____washed all the remaining clothes for her.
Next day，John went to the director’s office. Tears in eyes，John was asked to____his feelings. “Now I know what is____. Without my mother，there wouldn’t be the____me today. By helping my mother，I see how____it is to get something done. I have also come to know the value of family relationship.”
The director smiled，“This is what I am____I want a person who can appreciate the help of others，a person who knows the sufferings of others and a person who____put money as his only goal in life. You are hired.”1.

A．farewell

B．job

C．interview

D．try

2.

A．tutors

B．father

C．parents

D．mother

3.

A．died away

B．passed away

C．died out

D．passed by

4.

A．What

B．How

C．Who

D．Where

5.

A．carpet

B．floor

C．clothes

D．window

6.

A．turn

B．show

C．wave

D．shake

7.

A．clumsy

B．dirty

C．strong

D．smooth

8.

A．request

B．question

C．wish

D．choice

9.

A．embarrassed

B．frightened

C．confused

D．inspired

10.

A．before

B．as

C．since

D．until

11.

A．slim

B．warm

C．soft

D．rough

12.

A．realized

B．believed

C．insisted

D．wondered

13.

A．sacrifice

B．serve

C．satisfy

D．support

14.

A．modestly

B．secretly

C．quietly

D．gently

15.

A．improve

B．describe

C．awaken

D．hide

16.

A．appreciation

B．cooperation

C．qualification

D．communication

17.

A．wealthy

B．famous

C．successful

D．humorous

18.

A．firm

B．exciting

C．crazy

D．tough

19.

A．looking through

B．looking for

C．looking at

D．looking into

20.

A．shan’t

B．needn’t

C．won’t

D．can

6 . I don’t want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.

At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.

Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.

Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.

1. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

A．She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).

B．She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.

C．She is not good at telling stories of the kind.

D．She finds space research more important.

2. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.

A．the burden she bears in a male-dominated society

B．her involvement in gender politics

C．her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

D．the very fact that she is a woman

3. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?

A．Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.

B．Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.

C．People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.

D．Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.

4. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

A．Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.

B．Women can balance a career in science and having a family.

C．Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.

D．Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.