1 . Back in the summer of 2016, China’s Gobi Super Marathon, a 155-mile race across the Gobi Desert, officially
Dion Leonard, a seasoned British athlete, had been invited for that
On departure the next day, the puppy
On this long journey, one man and one dog silently
After being with Dion for 125 kilometers, Gobi finally ran out of
A.paid off | B.kicked off | C.took off | D.broke off |
A.ceremony | B.competition | C.interview | D.show |
A.bothered | B.abandoned | C.bitten | D.attracted |
A.watching | B.feeding | C.touching | D.following |
A.quality | B.dream | C.budget | D.course |
A.coughed | B.starved | C.appeared | D.barked |
A.desperate | B.amusing | C.hopeful | D.ambitious |
A.treasure | B.shelter | C.comfort | D.pressure |
A.however | B.instead | C.otherwise | D.therefore |
A.respected | B.accompanied | C.protected | D.wished |
A.hardship | B.happiness | C.distance | D.destination |
A.money | B.food | C.patience | D.energy |
A.gradually | B.hesitantly | C.unwillingly | D.firmly |
A.Thankfully | B.Fortunately | C.Eventually | D.Undoubtedly |
A.regret | B.argument | C.surprise | D.desire |
2 . Exercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body. There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.
Endurance
Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness. Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.
Strength
If you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as “resistance training”, are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduce your risk of weak bones.
Flexibility
Flexibility exercises help stretch your body’s muscles. This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture, ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.
Balance
Balance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.
1. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?A.By combining different exercise types together. |
B.By having enough rest between their workouts. |
C.By concentrating on one training aspect at a time. |
D.By increasing the frequency of their training gradually. |
A.Strength and Balance. | B.Flexibility and Balance. |
C.Endurance and Strength. | D.Endurance and Flexibility. |
A.Arms. | B.Legs. | C.Waist. | D.Neck. |
3 . Spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing (基因编辑) technology, researchers say.
It is not the first time that experts have claimed the techniques could help develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.
But researchers in Brazil and Ireland say such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent (辣味的) chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids (辣椒素),which make food taste “hot”.
“Capsaicinoids are very valuable compounds (化合物): they are used in the weapons industry, they are also used for painkillers. and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agustin Zsögön from the Federal University of Viços a in Brazil, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.
Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and low productive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the pungency of the fruits stable. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsögön.
Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsögön. “Using gene-editing technology, it is bound to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, adding a kick to the fruit,” he said.
1. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A.To test the gene-editing technology. |
B.To enrich the variety of the tomatoes. |
C.To make the tomatoes more delicious. |
D.To explore ways to harvest capsaicinoids. |
A.Feeling weightless. | B.Lacking sleep. |
C.Having a headache. | D.Losing appetite. |
A.Unacceptable. | B.Uncertain. | C.Tolerant. | D.Confident. |
A.An introduction to gene-editing plants. |
B.Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing. |
C.Problems with capsaicinoid production. |
D.The procedure of producing capsaicinoids. |
4 . To many people, honey bees symbolize wealth, sustainability and environmentalism. But as a honey bee researcher, I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible. Although they are important for agriculture, honey bees, which are usually imported from outside the local area, also disturb natural ecosystems by competing with native bees.
For several years the media has told us that bee populations are under threat. In response to this media campaign to"save the bees", raising honey bees has become a popular hobby. But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizens—myself once included—to mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, theyare probably doing more harm than good.
“Beekeeping is for people; it's not a conservation practice, "says Shelly Smith, an environmental science professor. People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. That's wrong.”
Smith and her research team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth. Most people’s attention is on saving honey bees when, from a conservationist's point of view, native bees are the ones in more need of support.
“To make matters worse, beekeeping companies and various non-science-based projects have financially benefited from the decline of native bee populations, "Smith explains. "These companies pretend they are interested in saving bees but their actions are actually damaging the native bee populations.”
The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food,putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gatherers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damaging competition—that is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around.
1. Which statement does the writer argue for?A.Honey bees endanger native bees. |
B.Honey bees are a symbol of wealth. |
C.Honey bees are important for agriculture. |
D.Honey bees can defend natural ecosystems. |
A.Beekeeping is a still-popular traditional hobby. |
B.The media is responsible for misleading the public. |
C.Citizens’ attempts to protect the environment are effective. |
D.The media campaign has failed to promote honey bee businesses. |
A.Beekeeping companies' making great profits. |
B.The quick expansion of bee-friendly habitats. |
C.The public's ignorance of bee varieties and roles. |
D.Insufficient attention given to saving honey bees. |
A.By listing examples. | B.By making comparisons. |
C.By analyzing survey data. | D.By explaining cause and effect. |
5 . I went snowboarding in France with my little brother and what we lacked in skill was made up for in enthusiasm. That day, fresh snow had been falling. We stopped near the top of an off-path section. I let my brother disappear into the trees ahead, figuring I would soon catch up.
I began to pick up speed when I was suddenly thrown off balance. Just as I was regaining control, I ran into the trunk of a large tree. It was like hitting a solid wall. The pain was instant.
I quickly realized the situation could get very serious. Nobody would be coming past. There was no phone signal. It was snowing and cold. If I waited, I would probably be rescued eventually. But the chance of freezing to death before that happened was too high for me to risk staying put.
I managed to get the board off from my feet and moved it under my stomach so I was lying on it. I faced down the mountain and used the board to slowly drag and slide my body down the steep, tree-lined slope (斜坡).
It took about two hours before a skier found me and I got help. I couldn't feel my hands or my toes from the cold, but the relief at knowing I was safe was massive.
I had broken one of my backbones, so I had an operation where the doctors inserted plates. The constant pain was unbearable, but it wasn't as bad as seeing the pain and worry I put my family through.
The recovery road was tough, but I was lucky. Gradually, I was able to walk, then swim, then cycle and then run. I haven't been back to the slopes yet, but it might happen someday— I will, however, choose the paths.
1. How did the author feel at the start of snowboarding?A.Confident. | B.Amused. | C.Nervous. | D.Panic. |
A.He was cold and hungry. |
B.He preferred to challenge himself. |
C.He was aware of the risks of waiting. |
D.He wanted to catch up with his brother. |
A.Follow the safer path. |
B.Do more sports activities. |
C.Receive training in the future. |
D.Never go snowboarding again. |
A.To share a lesson. | B.To keep a diary. |
C.To recommend a sport. | D.To make a comment. |