1 . “While extroverts (性格外向者) often make great first impressions with their outgoing manner and lively personalities in interviews, that value and reputation at work diminish (削减) over time.” says Corinne Bender, an associate professor of management.
“Extroverts disappoint us over time when they’re part of a team,” Bender says. “On a team you’re expected to work hard and contribute a lot. But they’re often poor listeners, and they don’t cooperate.”
“On the other hand, introverts (性格内向者) work hard on a team because they care what others think of them. They don’t want to be seen as not pulling their weight or contributing 100%,” Bender says.
So while companies may be attracted to hiring extroverts because they impress managers greatly in job interviews, bosses also may want to consider whether the extrovert they are considering will be a valuable team player, Bender says.
Amy Jen Su and Muriel Maignan Wilkins, two writers, agree and say managers should recognize the strengths of introverted employees, such as their ability to put themselves in others’ shoes.
“These team members are often easygoing, which can make them exceptional mentors (良师益友) to more junior staff or particularly good sounding boards when you interact with them in one-on-one situations,” Su says.
“Managers must try to help introverts find their voice,” Wilkins says. “Help them see that speaking up is not about self-promotion or being in conflict but rather about offering the team key insights, making better decisions or increasing the efficiency for all.”
What about those extroverts who never seem to be at a loss for words? Should managers cut them off? Managers definitely should weigh in on how an extrovert is affecting others. Wilkins suggests saying something in private to make adjustments.
1. What do we know about outgoing people according to Bender?| A．They are often good listeners. |
| B．They tend to perform well in interviews. |
| C．They often make great contributions. |
| D．They are often good at cooperating. |
| A．Doing their full share of work. |
| B．Making good choices. |
| C．Trusting others. |
| D．Trying to share their thoughts. |
| A．Critical. | B．Approving. | C．Doubtful. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．Promote more introverts. |
| B．Learn to work more efficiently. |
| C．Avoid conflict among employees. |
| D．Encourage introverts to speak up. |
2 . One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be great when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her
Perhaps most of us aren’t extreme at fault-finding,
Train yourself to “bite your tongue”, and with a little
| A．answered | B．received | C．expected | D．rejected |
| A．threatened | B．interrupted | C．spoiled | D．bothered |
| A．nothing | B．everything | C．something | D．anything |
| A．measure | B．plan | C．attitude | D．explanation |
| A．occasion | B．accident | C．event | D．adventure |
| A．memory | B．notice | C．choice | D．evidence |
| A．hear | B．contribute | C．admit | D．express |
| A．what | B．when | C．where | D．that |
| A．afraid of | B．aware of | C．curious about | D．confused about |
| A．life | B．family | C．career | D．education |
| A．so | B．or | C．for | D．but |
| A．proud | B．sure | C．critical | D．hopeful |
| A．face | B．create | C．ignore | D．solve |
| A．rarer | B．worse | C．stranger | D．better |
| A．pity | B．speech | C．rest | D．practice |
3 . Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.”
The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm(算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations.
“Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.
“One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.”
1. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system?| A．To better understand human empathy. |
| B．To promote the social skills of robots. |
| C．To explore the differences between laughs. |
| D．To assist robots in identifying people's moods. |
| A．Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues |
| B．Distinguish people by hearing their laughs |
| C．Recreate a scene played by the four actresses |
| D．Master the features of laughs provided by data. |
| A．Potential. | B．Barrier. | C．Alternative. | D．Division. |
| A．Are AI systems going beyond human ability? |
| B．Can conversational AI really understand us? |
| C．Laughing robots are round the conner. |
| D．Robots become laughing masters. |
4 . Every fast-food employee knows that the drive-through window is the worst position. It was a freezing afternoon. Drivers
“I`ll get the next car’s order as well,” she said as she came up to the window to pay. She
Completely shocked, I
The trend
| A．hate | B．refuse | C．hesitate | D．attempt |
| A．worry | B．annoyance | C．fear | D．stress |
| A．exception | B．witness | C．employer | D．victim |
| A．nodded | B．stopped | C．stood | D．screamed |
| A．hunger | B．pain | C．tiredness | D．cold |
| A．Take | B．Pay | C．Put | D．Look |
| A．charged | B．aided | C．permitted | D．assessed |
| A．presented | B．recalled | C．explained | D．claimed |
| A．confused | B．excited | C．discouraged | D．disturbed |
| A．honesty | B．kindness | C．bravery | D．integrity |
| A．impatient | B．ashamed | C．polite | D．incredible |
| A．sandwich | B．drink | C．fries | D．recipe |
| A．disappeared | B．ceased | C．continued | D．varied |
| A．rider | B．individual | C．passenger | D．stranger |
| A．warm up | B．hold on | C．put aside | D．kick off |
5 . Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has got viral, winning 100 million internet users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create instructions for cooking a certain food, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of internet text to help users get human-like text.”
There are many benefits of drinking plenty of fluids, but the key benefits when it comes to your fitness are: keeping your body at peak performance, delivering nutrients to your body and regulating your
Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger information center for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will correct itself. “It’s a totally different chatbot,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University said. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world.”
But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write an passage, it “gave out many examples which other writers actually hadn’t mentioned at all”, he told a local newspaper. Since the robot is trained using words from the internet, it can also pick up biases (偏见) about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.
1. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 1?| A．Done harm to the internet. | B．Brought strong wind and heavy rain. |
| C．Become popular overnight. | D．Caused serious changes of the weather. |
| A．It can find mistakes by itself. |
| B．It works differently from other chatbots. |
| C．Its information center is easier to control than Siri’s. |
| D．Its knowledge level is as high as a university student. |
| A．ChatGPT needs improvement. | B．Anybody may give false information. |
| C．Anybody can make mistakes. | D．ChatGPT can’t get on well with humans. |
| A．ChatGPT is Coming! | B．ChatGPT is Catching the World’s Eyes! |
| C．Can ChatGPT Take the Place of Humans? | D．Can ChatGPT Avoid Biases Properly? |
6 . My 83-year-old mother came to live with me a year ago last November. She was very ill and I had to put my life on hold to care for her.
Each morning, I got her up and dressed her and made her breakfast and sat with her. I rushed for a bowl when she felt sick, and lit fires to keep her warm. I cooked and talked her into eating some. It’s a hard job caring for a sick or dying parent, whoever you are. But it was especially hard for me, I feel, because I am a doctor myself. I couldn’t help looking at her in two different ways. The medical professional saw a body and checked it with the cold heart that medicine requires. But the daughter saw the woman who had given birth to me, sent me off to college and had been an important role for a long time in my life for over half a century.
Also, my mother didn’t appreciate how hard it was for me to care for her. I remember an exchange between her and the nurse who came to see her once a week.
“You could get some more help with care.” “Oh, I don’t think I need that,” Mom said.
Mom didn’t understand that the help would have taken some of the hard work off me. None of the treatments her doctors gave her worked, and finally her life became about free of pain. She refused painkillers (止痛药) for a long time, but finally the pain beat her. And when she accepted painkillers she accepted the fact that she would die.
Illness and needs took us across personal boundaries (边界) I’d never considered before. And yet, while living and being and dying with Mom I saw something valuable coming. We became closer. We shared so many stories from our past that it was as if our memories had become one.
In the past our relationship had been difficult. We had often argued. But when the end came, both of us simply accepted that we looked at the world in different ways. We were daughter and mother and we loved each other. That was all that mattered.
1. Why was taking care of her mom especially hard for the writer?| A．She was too busy living her own life. |
| B．She and her mom had a difficult relationship. |
| C．She was too old to look after her mom carefully. |
| D．She regarded her mom both as a patient and a loved one. |
| A．she felt very upset. | B．she was surprised. |
| C．she showed her thanks to the nurse. | D．she thought she needed a more helpful nurse. |
| A．the writer’s mom was a kind and gentle woman. |
| B．it was easier for the writer to take care of her mom as a doctor. |
| C．the writer was getting on better with her mom while taking care of her. |
| D．the writer’s mom had difficulty understanding what the nurse said. |
| A．Love was more important than differences. | B．Being alive was the most important thing. |
| C．We should learn to understand other people. | D．It was better for family members to live their own. |
7 . Progress means the act of going forward. Making any kind of progress can make us healthy and happy in life. By setting and actively working towards our goals, we can make progress in our life.
To make more progress in life, start looking at problems in a different way. Whatever happens, if we think positively, it can be useful and helpful. We need to know that problems are part of our life. After we solve problems one after another, we can make more progress and become stronger.
Having confidence is helpful for us to make progress. Confidence comes from different places, such as proper education, training or having good relationships. We should also stay with people who believe in our success and actively support us. These people can help push us towards progress.
Slow progress is still worth celebrating. Just as the old saying goes, “It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.” Progress usually comes a lot more slowly than we expect. Even if progress is slow, try not to be worried. One important thing is that we keep making progress towards our goals, and another is that we clearly remember what our goals are all the time. The actual speed isn’t so important.
The road to progress is not always smooth. Most progress often comes with setbacks along the way. Sometimes, maybe it feels like we’re taking one step forward and three steps back, but it won’t always be like that. Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want.
Progress doesn’t always happen in a straight line. As long as we keep working, we will achieve higher levels.
1. Paragraph 2 is mainly about ______.| A．the reasons for making more progress | B．the advantages of thinking positively |
| C．how to look at problems | D．how to solve problems |
| A．The people who get a proper education. | B．The people who give us plenty of advice. |
| C．The people who give us trust and support. | D．The people who are confident in themselves. |
| A．It often goes smoothly. | B．It still means progress. |
| C．It sometimes stops progress. | D．It always gives us a clear mind. |
| A．Prizes. | B．Advantages. | C．Excuses. | D．Difficulties. |
8 . Life is full of uncertainties, and every activity we do carries some level of
In March, Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip in Washington State. During their
Ian explained the
Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye. He
Without hesitation (犹豫), Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap. In the end, he
| A．interest | B．risk | C．boredom | D．success |
| A．discovered | B．described | C．mentioned | D．guessed |
| A．glorious | B．nervous | C．creative | D．lucky |
| A．visit | B．adventure | C．training | D．discussion |
| A．beaten | B．hidden | C．trapped | D．tested |
| A．situation | B．method | C．application | D．invitation |
| A．close | B．equal | C．unique | D．various |
| A．advised | B．cleared | C．chose | D．saw |
| A．quiet | B．final | C．effective | D．historic |
| A．heard | B．imagined | C．prevented | D．noticed |
| A．related | B．legal | C．unusual | D．impossible |
| A．report | B．warning | C．promise | D．answer |
| A．made | B．got | C．put | D．promoted |
| A．injured | B．thankful | C．curious | D．satisfied |
| A．regarded | B．touched | C．spared | D．saved |
9 . Once there was a farmer who had a fine olive orchard (橄榄园). He was very hard-working, and the
When the farmer was
The sons tried to know in what part of the orchard the
After the farmer was
They dug until they had turned up the soil from one end of the orchard to the other, around the tree- roots and between them.
The next olive
And when they saw how much money had
| A．hospital | B．farm | C．factory | D．garden |
| A．old | B．healthy | C．lucky | D．sad |
| A．led | B．called | C．visited | D．showed |
| A．discovered | B．stolen | C．hidden | D．collected |
| A．rings | B．olive | C．gold | D．food |
| A．lonely | B．dead | C．kind | D．lost |
| A．think | B．wonder | C．ask | D．know |
| A．top | B．bottom | C．surface | D．end |
| A．But | B．So | C．Though | D．If |
| A．surprised | B．worried | C．excited | D．disappointed |
| A．season | B．part | C．sale | D．field |
| A．already | B．still | C．again | D．ever |
| A．made | B．sold | C．found | D．saved |
| A．seen | B．agreed | C．come | D．gone |
| A．meant | B．received | C．accepted | D．guessed |
10 . Recently, China has announced the list of the first five national parks. Each of them is divided into two parts — the core protection area and the general control area. In the core protection area, only research and surveillance (监视) in science are allowed. And the general control area is open to the public, allowing travel activities such as camping and hiking. In the future, national parks are expected to be natural classrooms. People can learn about different kinds of animals and plants through eco-friendly travel activities.
Three River-Source National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the largest national park in China. Because it is home to the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, people call it “China’s water tower”.
Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park is in Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces. It covers an area of 14,100 square kilometers. It is our country’s biggest and only place for wild Siberian tigers and Amur leopards to live in.
Wuyi Mountain National Park in Fujian Province is a UNESCO natural and cultural heritage site. The forest makes up over 96 percent of the park. The park is the paradise of birds, kingdom of snakes and world of insects. You can also see the Danxia landform there.
Giant Panda National Park connects panda habitats in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces. Inside the park are more than 1,600 wild giant pandas. They make up over 70 percent of the pandas in China.
Hainan Tropical Rain forest National Park is the largest tropical forest in China. There are more than 400 kinds of plants that can only be found in Hainan.
1. Which is called “China’s water tower”?| A．Three River-Source National Park. | B．Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park. |
| C．Giant Panda National Park. | D．Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. |
| A．a perfect place | B．a happy feeling |
| C．a good example | D．a sweet smile |
| A．Three River-Source National Park is the largest national park in China. |
| B．Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park covers an area of 14,100 square kilometers. |
| C．There are more than 1,600 wild giant pandas in Giant Panda National Park. |
| D．More than 400 kinds of plants and animals can only be found in Hainan. |
| A．The beautiful scenes of nature | B．The home of animals and plants |
| C．The introduction to the five national parks | D．The relationships among the five national parks |
