1 . San Francisco Fire Engine Tours

San Francisco Winery Tour
Running: February 1st through April 30th

This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)

Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon request.
Duration(时长): 2 hours
Price: $90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running: August 16th through August 31st

This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.

Departing from the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:30 pm
Duration: 2 hours
Price: $90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running: October 10th through October 31st

Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.

Departing from the Cannery: 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Price: Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running: December 6th through December 23rd

This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.

Departing from the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
1. Which of the tours is available in March?

A．San Francisco Winery Tour.	B．Back to the Fifties Tour.
C．Spooky Hallowen Tour.	D．Holiday Lights Tour.

2. What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours?

A．Go to Treasure Island.	B．Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C．Have free ice cream.	D．Visit the Presidio district.

3. What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?

A．Take some drinks.	B．Set off early in the morning.
C．Wear warm clothes.	D．Make reservations in advance.

2 . If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up.

Now researchers have made progress in understanding how mammals’ brain encodes social rank and uses this information to shape behaviors — such as whether to fight for the last pizza slice. They discovered that an area of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was responsible for representing social rank in mammals; changes to a mouse’s mPFC affected its dominance behavior. But it was unknown how the mPFC represented this information and which neurons(神经元) were involved in changing dominance behaviour.

In the new study, Professor Kay Tye let groups of four mice share a cage. Some mice became more dominant and others more subordinate. As soon as the mice were paired up, he discovered, the activity of their mPFC neurons could predict — with 90 percent certainty — the rank of their opponent.

“We expected animals might only signal rank when they are in a competition,” says co-researcher Nancy. “But it turns out animals walk around with this representation of social rank all the time.”

When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict — a full 30 seconds before the competition started — which mouse would win the food reward.

The winner was not always the more dominant, but the one engaged in a winning mindset. Just as you might sometimes be in a more competitive mood and be more likely to snatch that pizza slice before your boss, a subordinate mouse might be in a more winning mindset than a more dominant mouse and end up winning.

The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and winning mindset are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in winning mindset. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and winning mindset may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one.

“This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye.

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To provide background information.	B．To state the importance of social rank.
C．To give readers an example of social rank.	D．To introduce the topic of the reading passage.

2. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A．The mPFC neurons.	B．The researchers.
C．The brain activity patterns.	D．The changes in behaviour.

3. What can we learn from the new study?

A．Brain activities can influence social rank.

B．Dominant opponents boost winning mindset.

C．Social rank and winning mindset affect behaviour.

D．Animals only exhibit their rank in competition.

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A．Winning mindset establishes dominance.

B．Social rank guides competitive behaviour.

C．A subordinate mouse can never been a winner.

D．Awareness of different people around you make your brain use different neurons.

6 . Pieter Bruegel’s 1565 realistic painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are,” Ghent University biologist Ive De Smet says. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding (培育) from the second half of the 20th century.” De Smet says he’s teaming up with art historian David Vergauwen of Amarant to look at things where they can spot differences in shape, in color, and in size. Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.

Friends since childhood, they took interest in plants in artwork and began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum in Russia — where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting by Flemish artist Frans Snyders.

“So if you think of a watermelon, you cut it through, it should be dark red on the inside. But that one appeared to be pale and white.” De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But Vergauwen said, “This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been.” Other paintings showed that both red and white watermelons were raised during the 17th century.

The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. Anyone could send pictures of relevant artwork and details of plants when they visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag. But, they add, the sources need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to understand how a pear looked, you might be misled.”

1. What can we learn from De Smet’s words in paragraph 1?

A．Humans have mainly fed on wheat since 1565.

B．Wheat has gone through great changes in height.

C．The scene in The Harvesters may be unbelievable.

D．Selective breeding affects agricultural structure.

2. What is Vergauwen’s attitude to the watermelon painted by Frans Snyders?

A．Doubtful.

B．Disapproving.

C．Favorable.

D．Curious.

3. Why is the social media hashtag created?

A．To encourage people to focus on art.

B．To collect more paintings for their database.

C．To advertise their research database.

D．To share some historical plant artwork.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Ancient paintings focused on food crops.

B．Two men create a database of plant artwork.

C．Plants today are different from their ancestors.

D．Old art reveals agricultural information.

7 . I had not hugged a friend or a family member for more than two years until recently when my sister flew in for a brief visit. For safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.

I grew up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, and every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and hung my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me.

Thankfully, I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safely inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the explosion. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable. I was caked in tears as I held him tight.

That same night my parents managed to arrange my escape from our war-torn city. I was 16 and came to America on my own. A generous host family took me in. They had a large dog called Oscar. Over the next several months, I secretly struggled with feeling homesick and worried about my family back home. Despite managing quite well at school, I couldn’t express my feelings. The only way I shared how I felt was by giving Oscar a big hug.

It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic(疾病大流行的) lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety over risks and precautions. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the power of a hug.

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A．Experience of war.	B．Love for family.
C．Impact of pandemic.	D．Power of embracing.

2. How did the author feel when she hugged her father?

A．Frightened.

B．Ashamed.

C．Relieved.

D．Astonished.

3. What can we learn about the author from the passage?

A．She had her arms hurt in an explosion.

B．She missed her family very much while in America.

C．She couldn’t catch up with her classmates at school.

D．She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.

4. What does the underlined word “shielded” mean in Paragraph 5?

A．Protected.

B．Persuaded.

C．Covered.

D．Understood.

8 . If you cut in line, you might just be a bad person. The queue is a regulation where the reward (the ice-cream stand/dining room/ticket booth) is earned through patience. Your choice to avoid this time-honored process will be bound to draw the anger of those you pass by, drawing remarks like “Whoa there, Chief,” the passive-aggressive “There’s a line, you know!” and of course, the incredibly common “Hey, Copernicus, why don’t you guide yourself to the back of the line?”

But, in the moment in which you really cannot wait, for example, the entire royal family has prepared a dinner party upon you last minute, then there is a way to cut the line correctly.

There are a few different ways to consider and a few different methods to employ. The regularity of the situation is very important. If you’re waiting to use the photocopier at work, you might be more likely to manage a successful cut than if you were waiting for a lifeboat on the Titanic. Sure, that might be an extreme example. But the importance of the event does matter.

For those requests in normal situations, emphasizing either the urgency of your task or the simplicity of your task proved to be effective: experimenters who said “Excuse me, I have five pages. May I use the photocopier?” had a cut rate of 60 percent and experimenters who said “May I use the photocopier because I need to make copies?” saw a success rate of 90 per cent when queuing for the copy machine.

If you have a couple of extra dollars lying around, bribing members of the line also proved to be effective. And most of the time, the person being bribed didn’t end up accepting the money, because even the offer showed that the briber had a sense of desperation.

1. Why does the author use the remarks about Chief and Copernicus in paragraph 1?

A．To illustrate the reaction from members in line.	B．To encourage those who want to cut in line.
C．To praise the behavior of cutting in line.	D．To provide advice which helps cut in line.

2. Which of the following is not a wise way to cut in line?

A．Giving the members in line money.	B．Stating the emergency of the event.
C．Considering the regularity of the situation.	D．Defending the right of cutting in line.

3. What is the best title for the text?

A．Be Patient When Queuing.	B．Acceptable Ways to Cut in Line.
C．Time and Tides Waits for No Man.	D．Special Rights under Emergency.

9 . A number of events are going on at the Cooperage Project, located at 1030 Main Street in Honesdale. Enjoy!

The Cooperage Maker Fair

The Cooperage Maker Fair will be held from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm on Friday, June 12 on the grounds of the City Museum. The Maker Fair is a place where people show what they are making—a showcase for invention and creativity,and share what they are learning. Anyone interested in presenting their projects, hobbies and experiments should apply to take part at www.cooperagemakerfair.com.

Such Sweet Thunder

At 7:00 pm on Wednesday, June 17, there will be a film screening of comedy Twelfth Night as part of the Such Sweet Thunder: Shakespeare’s Plays on Film Series. Dr.Robert Dugan will introduce the play with a brief background. Admission is free, but due to limited seating, booking is required at www.suchsweetthunder.com.

Sounds Like Teen Spirit

On Thursday, June 24,there will be an event called Sounds Like Teen Spirit from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm.Sounds Like Teen Spirit is designed to provide an opportunity to showcase the talent of our community’s youth.School-aged students are encouraged to share their performing art on stage at the Cooperage Project!

Great Brazilian Music Tour

On Saturday, June 27,a fantastic opportunity is ready for you to listen to some great Brazilian music by the musical group Minas. It is from 2:30 pm to 4:30 pm, and doors open at 2:00 pm.We encourage children and their families to come to learn all about the rhythm, excitement and sound of Brazilian music.The two-hour performance is sure to be fun for the whole family. The admission charge is $5 for each person, and all the money will go to the local food bank. You can also give away old clothes and money at the entrance.

1. Which event requires people to make a reservation?

A．Such Sweet Thunder.	B．Sounds Like Teen Spirit.
C．The Cooperage Maker Fair.	D．Great Brazilian Music Tour.

2. When does the event students can put on their own performances at ?

A．On June 12.

B．On June 17.

C．On June 24.

D．On June 27.

3. What can you do at Great Brazilian Music Tour?

A．Show your gift for invention.	B．Make a donation.
C．Perform with Minas on stage.	D．Learn to make music.

10 . Jules is now in his sixties, and is one of the many homeless people who live on the streets; he buys a newspaper most days. Today, with his fellow tramps, he reads about yesterday's student demonstrations.

Like many of the tramps who live under the bridges, Jules was not always so poor. A long time ago he was in the Navy, and like many who have been to sea for a long time, he has stayed slim and fit. Despite the strict organization on board ship, he loved his life, and had the opportunity to see many countries. He visited Poland and Russia; in South Africa he realized what he valued in each country was the people he met. He was always astonished and delighted by the ways in which the people he met differed from one country to another. Some day, he hopes, everyone will see the world as he does.

After many happy years in the Navy, he had to retire. The good things in life always come to an end. His mother and father had long since died and he’d lost touch with his other relatives. He became an industrial designer. He was happy, although it wasn’t the same as the sea. He never wanted to get married and have children.

And then there was the period of darkness. He smiles sadly. He shrugs his shoulders and looks at his hands. There are tears in the corners of his eyes. This is something that he cannot bring himself to talk about. ''It all went wrong, '' he whispers.

He was silent for a while, then recovered. He began to talk more loudly. ''Look at me now---it makes me angry. And what about the President? He's been in power for years, and look what he's done for us. Nothing! I am still out on the streets and live the life of a dog.''

1. What can we learn about Jules’ life in the Navy？

A．He only visited three countries.

B．He enjoyed the life on board ship.

C．He was very well paid for the job he did.

D．He liked meeting people from different countries.

2. Why did Jules change his job according to the passage?

A．He wanted to start a family.	B．He wanted to be near his relatives.
C．He didn't enjoy the work any more.	D．He was too old to stay in the Navy

3. What is Jules's opinion of the President?

A．The President should increase pensions for old people.

B．The President had not had enough time to change things.

C．The President should have done more to help people like him.

D．The President should not allow homeless people to stay on the streets.