1 . After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Michelangelo

Michelangelo was an Italian artist about 500 years ago. Today he is still remembered as a great sculptor, painter, and architect.

Michelangelo was born     1     a middle-class family. He was trained at an early age like any other craftsman in Italy. At thirteen, he started to work and learn in a workshop     2     belonged to one of the leading masters at that time. In the workshop Michelangelo was able to learn all the skills of sculpture. However, he wasn’t satisfied, and went on     3    (study)the work of the great masters of the past. Michelangelo worked hard and he mastered one problem after another. By the time he     4    (be)30, he had been generally regarded as one of the outstanding sculptors of the age.

In 1508,     5     Michelangelo was 33 years old, he was given a task-to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. At first, he tried to turn down this job,     6    (say)that he was not really a painter, but a sculptor. Finally, he agreed to do it. He then shut himself up in the chapel, let no one come near him, and got ready to work alone.

It took him four years to complete the paintings on the ceiling. Any ordinary person would find     7     hard to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard and lonely work. Michelangelo, while working, had to lie on his back and paint,     8    , as a result, made him so accustomed to looking upward that when he received a letter during that period, he     9     hold it over his head to read it. Finally, the paintings were completed. The great and huge paintings on the ceiling and walls of the chapel have become     10     great fascination to people in Italy and all over the world ever since.

Michelangelo left us with a great number of sculptures and paintings. Today his works are still examples for art students to study and follow. Home and overseas visitors can’t help but admire these masterpieces.

2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Back to School Reform

For schools in the New York City, this school year was met by a particular reform issue. It began in June of 2018, when, as part of an effort to fight the enduring problem of segregation(种族隔离), Mayor Bill de Blasio announced his intention     1    the testing requirement should be discontinued for admission to the city’s eight selective “élite” high schools. Then, late last month, the Advisory Group released a report     2     (suggest) that the city rethink its entire approach     3     identifying and educating high-achieving children. More accurately, it recommended replacing the gifted-and-talented programs with new initiatives     4    challenge premature children without relying on a test or academic tracking. However, Asian-American parents fearing that the proposed change     5    (disadvantage) their children filed a lawsuit to block it.

Testing holds great attraction     6     it is neutral, indifferent to a student’s background and wealth. But this is not     7    the current system functions. Success is closely related to socioeconomic advantages and access to test preparation. For example, Asian-American students tend     8    (rate) lower on the most subjective parts of college admissions evaluations.

It’s not clear what the result of the current debate will be. One thing, however, is certain: the competition for places at New York’ chools     9    (drive), in part, by a lack of faith in the quality of education in other parts of the system. Also, it is seen as a conflict between different social groups fighting for a system in which their children are     10    (likely) to be restricted by discrimination.

3 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Though he has only two published works, Lu Yao (1949 — 1992) is one of the most celebrated Chinese     1     (write) of the 20th century.

His stories focus     2     every ordinary young person in the great transformation of Chinese society. In his book Life, we read about the life of a young man named Gao Jialin.     3     (graduate) from high school in the 1980s, Gao wants to work hard in the city for a better life. However, due to his identity as a poor and powerless man from a small village, he loses his job and     4     (eventual) has to return to his hometown.

Lu’s     5     (work) not only feature the fates of young people but also “the heartbeat of the time”, CGTN noted. As a realistic piece of work, the story in Ordinary World     6     (span) from early 1975 to 1985. In this book, Lu presents what he saw in that era: the conflict between the new ideas of city life and the     7     (tradition) views of village life as society developed.

Nowadays, young people     8     leave their hometowns to follow their dreams in a big city face similar dilemmas (困境). “His works inspire many     9     (walk) ahead, out of passion for life, with the trends of the time, and provide     10     sense of meaning to their lives.”

4 . 阅读下面短文，在标有序号的空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中单词的正确形式。

There is a gigantic study that’s been done in 38 cultures.     1    turns out that in every culture, both males and females desire their potential mates to be bright. But we don’t have our IQs     2     (print) on our forehead. How do we know that someone’s     3    (intelligence)? In Western cultures, at least, it’s often by the person’s sense of humor. Because creating and appreciating jokes both require us to make     4     (connect) between many separate pieces of information,     5     (have) a sense of humor shows that we possess a wide knowledge and     6     we know how to think about things in novel and creative ways.

Take a cartoon     7     example: a mouse is standing outside his house, having just pulled a gun on a cat, who pretends to give in by raising one paw (爪). “Six rounds. Nine lives. You do the math,” the cat says. In order to appreciate this joke, you need to know that mice are     8     (usual) the victims of cats, many guns have six bullets (子弹), and cats     9     (say) to have nine lives because of their ability to always land on their feet. You also need to be able to do some math     10     (understand) that the cat has the advantage in this scene after all.

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Astronomy is the oldest science     1    （know）to man. Thousands of years ago man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was     2    （limit）by the six planets that he could see only     3     his eyes alone. The Greeks studied astronomy over 2,000 years ago. They could see the size colour, and     4    （bright）of a star. They could see its place in the sky. They watched the stars     5    （move ）as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help themselves study the heavens. Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out into space. Man knew a little about the moon     6     there were telescopes.

He did not know that the planet called Saturn had     7    （ring）around it. His sight was     8     limited that he could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets. Before the spectroscope, man did not know what kind of gases     9    （be）around the sun or other stars. Without the radio-telescope, we did not know that radio noises came from far in space. Today, astronomy is a     10    （grow）science. We have learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy.

6 . 阅读下面材料在空白处填上适当内容

In the late April 2014, a violent storm swept through the southern Unite States,     1     (destroy) more than $1billion in property and killing 35 people. But a group of migratory birds in eastern Tennessee sensed the oncoming mess and left long before the first clouds arrived. A year earlier, the team had tagged golden-winged warblers(莺) with leg trackers     2     (study ) their annual migrations to South America. Two days before the storms     3     (strike), five golden-winged warblers sipped away traveling nearly 700 kilometers south to the Florida coast.

It is the first time that the birds which normally migrate with the seasons     4     ( observe） to slip away when a big storm hits. The researchers suspect this     5     (behave ) occurs only when the threat of injury outweighs the energy costs of a long trip. But nobody knows     6    the birds guessed the storm's severity and left so soon.     7     (Puzzle)by it, the scientists initially reasoned that delicate changes in weather-atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed, cloud cover, or rainfall signaled the upcoming disaster. Yet when they checked weather records, none of these factors waved     8     (significant) before the storm. Instead, the team assumes that the approaching storms created     9    disorder of infrasounds --- low-frequency sound waves that bird can hear     10    humans can't.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Great Pyramid was built nearly 5,000 years ago for a king    1     (call) Khufu. It is on the west bank of the Nile River.    2    (actual), all the pyramids along the Nile River are on its west bank. The ancient Egyptians thought of the rising of the sun as the beginning of life and the    3    (set) of the sun as the end of life. This is why their bodies    4    (bury) on the west of the Nile.

    5     is very hard to realize how big the Great Pyramid is. It has over 2,300,000 pieces of stones, most of    6    weigh two and a half tons. Some even weigh fifteen tons. Without machinery, the ancient Egyptians cut, moved     7    lifted these stones. Almost all the stones came    8    the east bank of the Nile, and they were taken across the river in boats. It took more than 100,000 people twenty years    9    (build) the Great Pyramid.

The Great Pyramid is over 450 feet high today. Each of the    10    (side) of the Pyramid is 755 feet long. It is about twenty-minute walk all the way around it.

8 . 语法填空

This is the River Thames. It is almost 346 kilometres long, and is the second     1    （long）river in Great Britain. It flows through London, and it’s this part of the river that most     2    （tourist）see.

But there’s more to the Thames than a trip down the river. The Romans     3    （build）a settlement on the River Thames, and over the     4    （century）it grew into the City of London, with     5     huge port. Ships from around the world brought food, goods and people     6     the capital.

But by the 1980s, most of the docks had closed and the area became run-down. A lot of money has been invested in this huge riverside area. And today it is     7    （know）as “ Docklands” . The old water houses are now     8    （attract）apartments. There are new office buildings, shopping centres and leisure facilities, too. People live and work by the river     9    （happy）.

People also enjoy     10    （live）on the water！This is a houseboat on the Thames.

9 . 课文语法填空

“     1     you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the book The Secret Garden, first     2    （publish）in 1911. At that time, only the very rich in Britain     3    （have）gardens. However, today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “ green fingers” ，    4     around half the population spending most of their free time gardening. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which     5    （grow）things. Today, there are over 4,000 people in London     6    （wait）for such pieces of land. One recent idea     7    （be）to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities     8    （green）and improve air quality. As well as being good for the     9    （environmental），gardening is also good     10     the soul.

10 . 语法填空

Growing up in a poor neighborhood     1     （great） reduces the chances that a child will graduate from high school, according to a study. And the     2    （long） a child lives in that kind of neighborhood, the more harmful the effect will be.

The study by Geoffrey Wodtke and David Harding of American universities is the first     3    （discover） it.       4    （compare） to growing up in normal neighborhoods, growing up in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and unemployment reduces the chances of high school     5    （graduate） from 96% to 76% for black children. The effect on white children is also harmful, but not as large,    6    （reduce） their chances of graduating from 95% to 87%.

Edward, a famous journalist said, “     7     seems that an immediate effort from the government     8    （need） for neighborhood improvement in order to solve the problems     9     we found in our study. Great neighborhoods may have a great impact     10     children’s development many years or even generations later. “