1 . 【课文原文】

HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. For example some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.

To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.

According to modern psychology, we must first learn about the“habit cycle”, which works like this: Firstly, there is “cue”, an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something. Secondly, there is a “routine”, the regular action you take in response to the cue. Thirdly, there is a “reward”, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.

For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward) The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.

To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when we come toan escalator(cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.

Many of us try to change bad habits quickly and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.

For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!

1. What’s the main idea of the text?

A．How teenagers make a choice.	B．How teenagers feel relaxed.
C．How teenagers change their bad habits.	D．How teenagers become more independent.

2. Match the main idea with each part.

A．How to change a bad habit and create good ones. B．The cycle of how habits are formed. C．Changing habits gradually. D．No easy way to change bad habits. E．What a habit is. F．Why bad teenage habits should be changed.

①Part 1(Para.1) ________
②Part 2(Para.2) ________
③Part 3(Paras.3－4) ________
④Part 4(Para.5) ________
⑤Part 5(Para.6) ________
⑥Part 6(Para.7) ________
3. Why is it a bad habit for teenagers to become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse?

A．Because it is not easy to change.	B．Because it can lead to health problems.
C．Because it dominates teenagers’ life.	D．Because it is formed early.

4. According to the passage, which is NOT the “reward” in the following activities?

A．We feel relaxed when we smoked.

B．We feel happy when we play computer games.

C．We feel disappointed when we heard bad news.

D．We feel delighted at a new mobile phone given by our parents for good grades.

5. How can we change bad habits?

A．By trying to form a positive routine.	B．By eating more snacks.
C．By adapting to our bad habits.	D．By creating more negative ideas.

6. The sentence “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” means ________．

A．we should not give up	B．we should take small steps repeatedly
C．we should be optimistic	D．we should decide on some changes

7. Complete the form according to the text.

Habits for a healthy lifestyle	The ________ for changing bad habits
	________ habits are formed	What a habit is
		How the ________ works
		An example of the cycle
	How to ________ bad habit cycles	Changing bad habits gradually by showing some ________.
		There are no shortcuts in changing bad habits.

8. Analyse and translate the sentences.
(1)These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(2)The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(3)For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward).
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(4)So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward).
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

4 . 【课文原文】

MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES

“Life is Precious. To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.

As a five­year­old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees She responded, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”

Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home.

In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese women ever to be appointed director of the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.

The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954，she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. “The OB­GYN department cares for two lives,” she told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”

Though Lin Qianzhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. “I’m ready to go,” she said. “Don’t try to rescue me any more. Don’t waste the medicine any more.”

1. Look at the following pictures and answer the questions.
(1)What are some important life choices for you?

________________________________________________________________________
(2)What do you know about Dr Lin Qiaozhi?

________________________________________________________________________
2. Look at the picture and the title on Page 16 and predict what the text is probably about?
________________________________________________________________________
Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.
3. What did Lin Qiaozhi decide to do at 18?
________________________________________________________________________
4. Did her brother support her goal?
________________________________________________________________________
5. Why did Lin Qiaozhi refuse her American colleagues’ invitation?
________________________________________________________________________
6. How did Lin Qiaozhi help poor patients?
________________________________________________________________________
7. When did Lin Qiaozhi retire?
________________________________________________________________________
B.Careful reading
8. Fill in the form according to the passage.

Time	Events
at five years old	Lin Qiaozhi was deeply________ by her mother’s death.
at age 18	She chose to study ________.
at age 26	Lin ________ from Peking Union Medical College. She became the first woman ever ________ as a resident physician in the OB－GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a   ________ resident physician.
after working for a few years	She   ________ to study in Europe.
in 1939	Dr Lin ________ to stay in America.
in 1941	Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever________ director of the OB－GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. A few months later, she opened a ________　.
in 1954	She was ________ to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several ________， she held many important positions.
on 22 April 1983	Dr Lin died. She ________over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.

9. What did Dr Lin Qiaozhi think is the most precious?

A．Life.	B．Choice.
C．Marriage.	D．Medicine.

10. What made her brother angry with her?

A．Her mother’s death.

B．Her goal to study medicine.

C．Her decision to be single.

D．Her marriage like most girls.

11. Why did Lin open a private clinic?

A．To make more money.

B．To do further research.

C．To help poor patients.

D．To stay with her family.

12. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Lin married very late.

B．Lin adopted many babies.

C．Lin died while working.

D．Lin founded a kindergarten.

(Ⅰ)Analyse the sentences
13. Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates.
[分析]　with the Wenhai Scholarship是介词短语作_______;the highest prize是the Wenhai Scholarship的_______;given to graduates是过去分词短语作the highest prize的_______。
[翻译] _________________________________________________________________________
14. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors.
[分析]　tending，publishing 和training是三个并列的动名词作介词in的_______。
[翻译] _________________________________________________________________________
15. 教材对接高考：续写微技能——人物描写
A.写出句中描写人物的词汇。
（1）These words of Dr Lin Oiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. ________________
（2）She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB－GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. ________________
（3）She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. ________________
B.在课文中找出另外两个人物描写的句子。
（1）_____________________________________________________________　
（2）_____________________________________________________________

6 . South Korea has the highest rate of Internet addiction in the world and it is increasingly the country’s children who are spending every waking moment immersing themselves in fantasy role plays or gaming. In the remote mountains of South Korea, teenage Internet addicts are turning up for a 12-day boot camp.

Kyle Won’s addiction is out of control. He spends 10 hours a day on the Internet. Now Kyle’s smartphone is taken away. The teachers here do what they can to get them socializing again; for many, the only friends they have had are online. “I have relationships on the Internet and a real distance has grown with my real-life friends and I know it’s not good,” Kyle said. The teachers show them other possibilities and bring back dreams and hopes that have been buried by their addictions. “We teach them methods of managing their desire to use the Internet so that they can continue to use it when they go back home,” Shim Yong-chool, a teacher here, said. After just two days Kyle said it was helpful. He’s set a good example to others though he hasn’t reached the goal completely.

South Korean psychiatrists (精神病专家) are urging more action as they are finding evidence that too much screen time is a barrier to the developing minds. Professor Kang Seak Young from Dankook University said the addiction was damaging critical thinking. “It affects the frontal lobes (额叶) which are important to critical analysis,” Professor Kang said. “Reading a book and guessing what happens in the story next show activity in frontal lobes but playing popular computer games for a long time shows no activity.”

South Korea is one of the most wired nations on Earth, but it does have a cost. One in every ten kids is an addict, so the country is now learning how to manage its high-tech future to avoid more serious consequences.

1. Why does the author mention Kyle’s story?
2. Which saying can explain the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

A．There are two sides to every coin.	B．No pain, no gain.
C．It’s good to learn at another man’s cost.	D．Prevention is better than cure.

8 . 【课文原文】

A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS

There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader’s mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.

Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.

One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme 〔like B and C〕, while others do not.

Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example 〔D〕.

Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words. The haiku poem 〔E〕 on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.

English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English, such as this one〔F〕.

With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try!

A

Hush, little baby, don’t say a word,

Papa’s gonna buy you a mockingbird.

If that mockingbird won’t sing,

Papa’s gonna buy you a diamond ring.

If that diamond ring turns to brass,

Papa’s gonna buy you a looking glass.

If that looking glass gets broke,

Papa’s gonna buy you a billy goat.

If that billy goat won’t pull,

Papa’s gonna buy you a cart and bull.

B

Mother

Hundreds of stars in the deep blue sky,

Hundreds of shells on the shore together,

Hundreds of birds that go singing by,

Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather,

Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn,

Hundreds of bees in the purple clover

Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn,

But only one mother the world over.

George Cooper

C

LIFE

Life can be good,

Life can be bad,

Life is mostly cheerful,

but sometimes sad

Life can be dreams,

Life can be great thoughts

Life can mean a person,

Sitting in court.

D

Brother

Beautiful, athletic

Teasing, shouting, laughing

Friend and enemy too

Mine

E

A fallen blossom

Is coming back to the branch.

Look, a butterfly!

F

Where she awaits her husband

On and on the river flows.

Never looking back,

Transformed into stone.

Day by day upon the mountain top,

wind and rain revolve.

Should the traveller return,

this stone would utter speech.

Wang Jian

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A．The characteristics and examples of five forms of poems.

B．Encourage readers to write their own poems.

C．Reasons of people composing poetry.

D．Different types of poems.

2. Match the main idea with each poem.

A. It is a list poem which shows the diversity of life. B. It is a description of a lovely brother. C. It is a translation of a Tang poetry, which describes a woman who waited for her beloved husband to come back from a journey. D. It is a nursery rhyme that illustrates a father’s love for his baby. E. It is a list poem expressing the love for his mother. F. It describes how a butterfly rests on a tree.

Poem A ________
Poem B ________
Poem C ________
Poem D ________
Poem E ________
Poem F ________
3. Why do poets use different forms of poetry?

A．They want to express themselves.

B．They want to attract more people.

C．They want to describe things in more detail.

D．They want people to learn from them.

4. Which of the following about nursery poems is TRUE?

A．Most of these poems make sense.

B．These poems have weak rhythm.

C．They repeat certain words a lot.

D．They must be repeated by children.

5. What is the cinquain according to the text?

A．A kind of poem with both a pattern and a rhythm.

B．A kind of poem which has five lines.

C．A kind of poem kids in the nursery like to recite.

D．A kind of poem with 17 syllables.

6. What do we know about haiku?

A．It is a traditional form of English poetry.

B．It is made up of five lines.

C．It gives a vague picture of things.

D．It is not difficult to write.

7. What does the last part of the text tell students to do?

A．Read more poems.

B．Enjoy English poems.

C．Write their own poems.

D．Translate poems into other languages.

8. Complete the form according to the text.

A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS	Nursery	·The language is ________   but has a ________
		·have a strong ________ and often repeat the same words
	List poem	·contain a list of things, people, ________ or descriptions
		·have a flexible line length and ________ phrases
	Cinquain	·made up of ________ lines
		·convey a strong picture or a certain ________ in just a few words
	Haiku	·a ________ form of poetry
		·consist of 17 ________; give a clear picture and create a special feeling
	Tang poem	·the ________ from Chinese to English

9. Analyse and translate the sentences.
(1) Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.
________________________________
(2) One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme.
________________________________
(3) Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.
________________________________
(4) Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively.
________________________________

10 . 课文原文

SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER

“Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.

Before the mid­20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. However, scientists were determined to realise that dream. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, famously saying, “That’s one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind.” Following this, there were many more important space achievements. For example, on 5 September 1977, America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study deep space, and it still transmits data to this day. And the International Space Station (1998) has provided a continuous human presence in space, with astronauts from many different countries on board.

Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.

China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. On 23 July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe.

The future of space exploration remains bright. Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.

1. Look at the pictures and discuss the following question with your classmates.

Do you think it meaningful for us to spend so much money exploring space?
_______________________________________________________
A.Fast reading
2. Match the main idea of each paragraph.

A．What people achieved in the past years. B．Why people don't stop exploring space despite risks. C．The future exploration in space. D．Human beings always want to explore space. E．The achievement which China has made.

Para.1_______Para.2_______Para.3_______Para.4_______Para.5_______
B.Careful reading
Choose the best answer according to the text.
3. Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou          spacecraft in        ．

A．2; 2000	B．3; 2001
C．5; 2003	D．1; 2002

4. Which statement is RIGHT according to the passage?

A．Nobody thought it possible to travel into space before the mid­20th century.

B．On 14 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR.

C．China became the third country to independently send humans into space.

D．Disasters in the space exploration made everyone sad but not disappointed.

5. Despite risks, people continue to explore space because         ．

A．we want to establish more space stations

B．we plan to carry more brave people into space

C．we can provide a continuous human presence in space

D．we believe in the significance of space exploration

6. Fill in the form according to the text

Time	Events
on 4 October 1957	the Sputnik 1 satellite was _____________by the USSR and successfully _____________around Earth
on 12 April 1961	Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world _____________space
on 20 July _____________	Armstrong stepped onto the moon, saying, “That's one small step for a man, one giant _____________for mankind.”
on 5 September   1977	America launched Voyager 1 to study _____________space, and it still _____________data to this day
in _____________	China became the third country in the world to _____________send humans into space and Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft

7. A.写出句中表示时间的词汇
1．Before the mid­20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream. _____________
2．On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. _____________
3．Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. _____________ _____________
4．Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon．_____________
B.在课文中找出另外两个有时间状语的句子
1. _______________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________