1. Who are the judges for the first stage?
| A．Professional cooks. | B．Local citizens. | C．School teachers. |
| A．At a college. | B．At a restaurant. | C．At a middle school. |
| A．Working out the exact cost of a meal. |
| B．Cooking a meal to a fixed budget. |
| C．Sticking to the time plan. |
| A．What meal will be cooked. |
| B．How much time will be given. |
| C．How many people the meal will be cooked for. |
2 . My boys have been on different sports teams for as long as I can remember.
This is an important lesson to learn from sports and carry into the future. Good coaches teach athletes to lose with dignity(尊严)，and that there’s always a lesson to learn from each loss and failure.
Team sports teach kids hard work pays off.
Nothing worth having comes easy. Talent(天赋)plays a role in the early years, but as athletes grow, it’s the hard workers that rise to the top.
Team sports teach collaboration(合作).
Each person on the team has their own skills and characters. Coaches usually put players in different places to show their ability.
| A．This teaches players how to work as a team |
| B．Team sports help kids learn to accept failure |
| C．Team sports teach that life is hard sometimes |
| D．Practicing a skill you find difficult can be boring |
| E．I feel proud as a mom when my kids score a goal |
| F．Building confidence is easy when you have people around you |
| G．Among soccer, basketball and baseball, we’ve done most team sports |
3 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track. But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (脑内啡), chemicals in the body that cause happiness, which are behind the so-called runner's high, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon (现象) than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn't seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runner's high symptoms (症状) seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifehacker.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK's National Health Service even prescribe (开药方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate depression,” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we're feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.
1. What did scientists from Germany universities recently discover?| A．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running. |
| B．The runners’ high could be caused by endocannabinoids. |
| C．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one's mood. |
| D．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression. |
| A．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released. |
| B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner's high. |
| C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high. |
| D．To find what reduces the runner's high symptoms. |
| A．belief. | B．activity. | C．effect. | D．question. |
| A．Workouts can help people completely recover from depression. |
| B．Workouts are the best way to treat depression. |
| C．Workouts only work for those with depression. |
| D．Workouts can help ease depression symptoms. |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was very young, I was rather thinly, so my mom started to teach me some forms of exercise. Beside, my father’s company used to have an extra building, what had 12 floors with different sports courts. I learn lots of sports there, included tennis, table tennis, basketball and so on. However, a most difficult of all for me was swimming. I didn’t like water, but I finally managed to overcoming my fear. I insisted on practicing every day. After about six months, I found that I could do easily. What’s more, I even won a prize in a competition two year ago. Now I’m strong than before and also know how to be brave.
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear athletes,
With your excellence, your joy, or your tears, we created the magic of the Olympic Games in Tokyo 2020. You were competing fierce with each other for Olympic glory. You inspired us by the power of sport. This was even more remarkable given the many challenges you had to face because of pandemic. In this difficult time, you gave the world the most precious gifts— hope. For the first time since the pandemic begins, the entire world has come together. Sport returned back to the centre stage. Billions of people around the globe were united by emotion, share moments of joy and inspiration, what gives us hope and faith in the future.
There are many water sports that are fun. Kitesurfing, a young water sport,
At the beginning, the sport was difficult and dangerous. Now it is becoming simpler and safer because of the safer kite design. For an able and strong person, it can be a very fun and
Luckily, it is
7 . As early as 1894, the newly formed International Olympic Committee (IOC) considered ice skating as a possibility for the first modern Olympic Games which would be held in 1896.
In 1911, a member of the IOC suggested that winter sports should be staged as part of the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm. Some opposed the idea. At last, the IOC decided to hold Winter Olympic Games in 1916. However, World War I broke out in 1914. After 1920, the national governing bodies for winter sports in several countries began talking about the possibility of a separate Winter Olympics.
The town of Chamonix, in the French Alps, planned to hold a winter sports festival in 1924; at the same time Paris was to host the Olympics. The Marquis de Polignac, a member of the IOC, suggested that the festival be formally recognized as the Winter Olympic Games. The IOC didn't go that far, but did agree that Chamonix could call its festival an “Olympic winter carnival”.
The festival drew 258 athletes from 16 countries to compete in bobsledding (雪橇比赛), figureskating, hockey, Nordic skiing and speed skating. Charles Jewtraw from the United States won the first gold medal in the 500metre speed skating, but the festival's hero was Claus Thunberg from Finland. He won five medals, three of which were gold in speed skating.
Weather has often been a major story at the Winter Olympics and so it was at Chamonix. The festival opened with rain and the unseasonably warm temperature turned snow and ice to mud. Then temperature dropped as far as 25 below zero and the mud became ice.
Despite the weather, more than 10, 000 people showed up. In 1926, the IOC recognized the Chamonix festival as the first Winter Olympics and decided that the Winter Games would be held every four years, just like the Summer Olympics.
1. Why were the first Winter Olympic Games not held in 1916?| A．Because the IOC didn't agree to it. |
| B．Because it was still under discussion. |
| C．Because some people opposed the idea. |
| D．Because World WarⅠbroke out in 1914. |
| A．the weather destroyed the first Winter Olympics. |
| B．people from 16 countries watched the first Winter Olympics. |
| C．Charles Jewtraw won the most medals in the first Winter Olympics. |
| D．Finland got 3 gold medals in speed skating in the first Winter Olympics. |
| A．The Winter Olympics were held every two years in the beginning. |
| B．The 1924 Winter Olympics and Summer Olympics were held in the same city. |
| C．The Winter Olympics depend much more on the weather than the Summer Olympics. |
| D．The IOC agreed to recognize the Chamonix festival as the first Winter Olympics in 1924. |
| A．The development of the Olympics. |
| B．The importance of weather in the Olympics. |
| C．The story of the first Winter Olympic Games. |
| D．How the Winter Olympics came into being. |
8 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?| A．They must run long distances. |
| B．They are qualified for the marathon. |
| C．They have to follow special rules. |
| D．They are good at swinging their legs. |
| A．It’s more popular at the Olympics. |
| B．It’s less challenging physically. |
| C．It’s more effective in body building. |
| D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. |
| A．Getting experts’ opinions. |
| B．Having a medical checkup. |
| C．Hiring an experienced coach. |
| D．Doing regular exercises. |
| A．Skeptical. | B．Objective. |
| C．Tolerant. | D．Conservative. |
9 . How often do you exercise? A new study found that most kids aged 12 to 15 weren't getting enough physical activity. The results were based on about 800 kids. As part of the study, the kids tracked and reported on their own activity levels, and took physical exams.
U. S. fitness guidelines suggest an hour or more of physical activity every day. According to the study, only 1in 4 U.S. kids get enough physical activity.
"It's certainly worrying to see that our kids have such a limited amount of physical activity each day,” said Dr. Stephen Pont. He is an expert on children's health.
Few kids in the study met the guidelines on physical activity that raises the heart rate and makes people breathe harder. Overall, about 25% said they got an hour of that kind of exercise every day. Kids also reported on which activities they did most often outside of school gym class--basketball for boys and running for girls.
The study found that fat teenagers were less active than normal-weight girls and boys. Fat girls were slightly less active than normal-weight girls, but levels were similar among overweight and normal-weight boys. The study also said that the percent of fat children aged 2 to 19 was 17%, or about 12.5 million kids.
"There's always room for improvement," said Tala Fakhouri, who was the leader of the study. She also said the results provide useful information to help with fitness campaigns such as Let's Move, which was initiated by Michelle Obama in 2010. To inspire kids to eat right and get in shape, Michelle visits schools and holds exercise events. She also calls on schools to offer regular gym classes.
The study also found kids who get physical education at school may get better grades.
1. What is the result of the new study?| A．800 kids don't get enough physical activity. |
| B．Most U.S. kids don't get enough exercise. |
| C．Kids should get physical activity every day. |
| D．It's important to take physical exams. |
| A．Swimming. | B．Basketball. | C．Running. | D．Gym. |
| A．To help kids to keep fit. | B．To provide useful information. |
| C．To offer regular gym classes. | D．To hold exercise events. |
| A．be less active than fat children | B．be more willing to help others |
| C．do better in their studies | D．try their best to get in shape |
10 . For the first time in 10 years, the United States government has changed its guidance on how much exercise people need to stay healthy and when they should start.
For children and teens
The new guidance states that the most important time for children to begin exercising is between the ages of 3 and 5.
Doctors say it is important to start young.They add that from birth to age 5, a child’s brain develops more than at any other time in life.
But that does not mean putting a small kid on a treadmill(跑步机)or other exercise equipment.
For adults
For adults, the guidelines recommend exercising 150 minutes a week. That could be walking, gardening, dancing, etc.
| A．Any kind of activity that gets people exercising will do. |
| B．Aerobic activity works only if it lasts for at least 10 minutes. |
| C．Simply giving a kid the time and space to play actively is enough. |
| D．Children above 5 can have a relatively shorter time for daily exercise. |
| E．Children in this age range require about three hours’ active activities daily. |
| F．Attaining the health benefits from exercise may be harder than earlier thought. |
| G．These developments have a 1asting effect on a child’s ability to succeed in life. |
