1 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.
Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses (球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.
There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements (代替物) for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.
1. What is the meaning of the underlined words in paragraph 2?| A．resource-consuming | B．resource-developing |
| C．resource-protecting | D．resource-controlling |
| A．It is environmentally-friendly. | B．It improves our health. |
| C．It is simple and free. | D．It can make you put on weight. |
| A．Playing basketball in a gym. | B．Motor racing in the desert. |
| C．Cycling around a lake. | D．Swimming in a sports center. |
| A．To show us some major outdoor sports. |
| B．To encourage us to go in for green sports. |
| C．To discuss the influence of some popular sports. |
| D．To introduce some environmentally-friendly sports. |
2 . Convincing someone to change their mind is really the process of convincing them to change their tribe (部落). If they abandon their beliefs, they run the risk of losing social ties. You can’t expect someone to change their mind if you take away their community too.
The way to change people’s minds is to become friends with them, to combine them into your tribe, to bring them into your circle. Now, they can change their beliefs without the risk of being abandoned socially.
The British philosopher Alain de Botton suggests that we simply share meals with those who disagree with us: “Sitting down at a table with a group of strangers has the incomparable and odd benefit of making it a little more difficult to hate them. Prejudice and conflict between groups of people from different nations or races feed off abstraction. However, during a meal, something about handing dishes around, unfolding napkins (餐巾纸) at the same moment, even asking a stranger to pass the salt makes us less likely to hold the belief that the outsiders who wear unusual clothes and speak in distinctive accents deserve to be sent home or attacked. For all the large-scale political solutions which have been proposed to ease racial or cultural conflict, there are few more effective ways to promote tolerance between suspicious (猜疑的) neighbours than to force them to eat supper together.”
Perhaps it is not difference, but distance that produces tribalism and unfriendliness. As proximity increases, so does understanding. I am reminded of Abraham Lincoln’s quote, “I don’t like that man. I must get to know him better.” Facts don’t change our minds. Friendship does.
The Japanese writer Haruki Murakami once wrote, “Always remember that to argue, and win, is to break down the reality of the person you are arguing against. It is painful to lose your reality, so be kind, even if you are right.”
When we are in the moment, we can easily forget that the goal is to connect with the other side, cooperate with them, befriend them, and integrate (使...融入) them into our tribe. We are so caught up in winning that we forget about connecting. It’s easy to spend your energy labeling people rather than working with them.
The word “kind ” originated from the word “kin (old fashion of family and relatives).” When you are kind to someone, it means you are treating them like family. This, I think, is a good method for actually changing someone’s mind. Develop a friendship. Share a meal. Gift a book. Be kind first, be right later.
1. People are likely to change their mind when they ________.| A．change their beliefs | B．move to a new community |
| C．are made friends with | D．are given somewhere to go |
| A．Nearness. | B．Action. | C．Communication. | D．Politeness. |
| A．breaking down one’s reality is easy |
| B．kindness is more important than right |
| C．arguing and winning are not important |
| D．losing one’s identity is a painful process |
| A．pleases people with different beliefs or accents |
| B．makes people focus on eating rather than conflicts |
| C．brings benefits to the people having dinner together |
| D．promotes understanding and tolerance among people |
3 . The idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and havechildren, concluded as a“lying down”lifestyle, recently struck a chord with many young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.
Many millennials(千禧一代)and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes and financial pressure, have pushed them“against the wall”. They said they hate the“involution(内卷)”, joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.
“Instead of always following the’virtues’of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear thestresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis(宣泄)and adjustment,”said ascholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to house costs today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”
Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, whoclaim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, admitted that they only accept a temporarylying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youths have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear toomuch hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who liedown always feel guilty about their constant loss of confidence in pursuing the dreams beyondtheir reach.
“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, butmost of us have refused to set ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,”apostgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’and face the reality sooner or later.”
1. What might have caused the“lying down”lifestyle among the young?| A．Growing pressure from family and social life. |
| B．Improvements in living conditions. |
| C．Increasing material possessions from families. |
| D．Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions. |
| A．Discussion. | B．Argument. | C．Meeting. | D．Agreement. |
| A．Understanding. | B．Objective. | C．Supportive. | D．Unclear. |
| A．They would rather escape than take challenges. |
| B．They really enjoy the“lying down”lifestyle. |
| C．They find their dreams far beyond their reach. |
| D．They never really drop their responsibilities. |
4 . We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 a.m., Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 a.m. and Richard Branson at 5：45 a.m. -- and, as we know, “the early bird catches the worm.”
But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a feature most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, done one task before 8 a.m. makes you sleepy till next Saturday, are you really doomed（注定） to a less successful life?
For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. It’s estimated that some 50% of the population isn’t really morning or evening oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright-eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls.
Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self-directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they’re less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke.
Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning types and a little bit wealthier.
Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 a.m. just yet. As it turns out, overhauling（大修） your sleep times may not have much effect.
“If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says,pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑激素）. “Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequences,” Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）-- which can cause weight gain.
1. What does the author do in the first three paragraphs?| A．raising the problem -- analyzing the problem -- solving the problem |
| B．introducing a viewpoint-- raising the question -- presenting author’s viewpoint |
| C．presenting author’s viewpoint -- providing supporting proofs -- making a conclusion |
| D．leading in the topic -- challenging a view point -- discussing about the topic |
| A．To beat night-time people,ask them to do maths calculation in the morning. |
| B．Morning types are more conservative but more optimistic. |
| C．Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth. |
| D．Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones. |
| A．Don’t fall asleep in front of the TV. |
| B．Avoid being regularly late for work. |
| C．Better not change your sleep times sharply. |
| D．Stop setting your alarm for 5 a.m. |
| A．To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm. |
| B．To compare the differences between early risers and night owls. |
| C．To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late. |
| D．To explain why some people are more successful. |
5 . It’s time for those who are about to graduate to look for jobs since the graduation season is drawing near. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing, our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.
A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身), nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true that you can’t judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.
Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees, because those people represent the companies to their customers.
As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint our customers. Even though I am open-minded, I can’t expect all our customers are.
There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.
1. Which of the following is the newspaper editor’s opinion according to Paragraph 2?| A．People’s appearances carry messages about themselves. |
| B．Customers’ choices influence dress standards in companies. |
| C．Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated. |
| D．Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace. |
| A．Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview. |
| B．Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates. |
| C．Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates. |
| D．What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies. |
| A．Employees Matter | B．Appearances Matter |
| C．Personal Choices Matter | D．Hiring Managers Matter |
| A．Enthusiastic. | B．Positive. |
| C．Negative. | D．Sympathetic. |
6 . I log onto a computer at the doctor’s office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room. There，a robotic nurse
I should say I really do like many aspects of
When I call my dentist’s office and actually get a human being on the line, I am
After all，human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon (优惠券) for items you are
Machines can be
Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something no machine will ever have. It is human beings that
| A．tears | B．directs | C．follows | D．separates |
| A．coach | B．lawyer | C．doctor | D．engineer |
| A．signals | B．symbols | C．sculptures | D．symptoms |
| A．at most | B．at last | C．at least | D．at intervals |
| A．commerce | B．agriculture | C．literature | D．technology |
| A．take over | B．pass by | C．cut in | D．go away |
| A．annoyed | B．thrilled | C．discouraged | D．disappointed |
| A．whispering | B．laughing | C．shouting | D．weeping |
| A．machine | B．human | C．animal | D．plant |
| A．ruining | B．producing | C．advertising | D．purchasing |
| A．brighten | B．darken | C．strengthen | D．widen |
| A．turning | B．happening | C．describing | D．struggling |
| A．urgent | B．efficient | C．frequent | D．consistent |
| A．Otherwise | B．Because | C．But | D．Therefore |
| A．punish | B．persuade | C．encourage | D．force |
7 . One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.
The ordinary choices that guarantee a strong future go unnoticed. There is no pat on the back for doing the right thing just as there is no slap on the wrist for doing the wrong thing. Reading a chapter of a great book today won’t solve your problems just as not reading it won’t make them worse. Not doing the obvious thing that positions you for future success — rarely hurts you right away. But as the days turn to weeks, weeks into years, and years into decades do the small choices create massively different results.
Whenever this idea is brought up, people are quick to interject. “I do these things and I don’t get the results.” Most of us make the right choices most of the time. But most of the time isn’t the same as all of the time.
For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results. It’s like we’re Sisyphus rolling a boulder halfway up the hill, only to throw our hands in the air and go home. When we show up the next day, we see the boulder at the bottom of the hill. Not only did this undermine our progress but it makes getting started even harder.
Excelling at the small choices that compound over time perpetually (不断地) leaves you in favorable circumstances. If you want results you need to pay the price. The price is knowing that time is working on your side even when the results don’t show it yet.
When you look below the surface, giant leaps aren’t really giant leaps at all. If you look for the magic moment, you’ll miss how ordinary becomes extraordinary.
1. According to the passage, what causes most people to fail?| A．Selection difficulties. | B．Lack of perseverance. |
| C．Insufficient exterior support. | D．Shortage of social resources. |
| A．exhibit the way to get compound choices |
| B．prove that a good beginning is half success |
| C．emphasize the importance of being consistent |
| D．explain the difficulty of achieving extraordinary results |
| A．Narration. | B．Argumentation. | C．Practical writing. | D．Expository writing. |
| A．No Pains, No Gains. | B．Time Heals Everything. |
| C．Never Too Late to Mend. | D．Small Steps make Giant Leaps. |
8 . Rewilding is a form of conservation and ecological restoration that aims to improve biodiversity and ecosystem health by restoring natural processes. Rewilding offers a lot of ecological, social, and economic benefits. However, it also has been highly criticized by conservation scientists regarding whether rewilding is good for species in the first place.
The first benefit comes with its definition: Rewilding helps to reduce the mass extinction of species by giving nature the opportunity to reestablish its natural processes and biodiversity. As human activity is currently damaging ecosystems at a great rate, rewilding helps to lessen this impact. Additionally, rewilded ecosystems help to slow climate change as they increase carbon storage and carbon removal from the atmosphere.
Rewilding also helps to protect against natural disasters such as soil erosion (侵蚀), flood risk, and forest fires. For example, rewilded trees help to delay the rate at which rainwater reaches the forest floor and the tree roots act as channels to draw rainwater underground, thus preventing flooding.
The main criticism of rewilding is that there are many uncertainties associated with it. It is not always fully known if extinct species will do well if placed back in a previous environment. This is especially the case with Pleistocene (更新世) rewilding, as species are reintroduced to ecosystems where they have been missing for thousands of years. Uncertainties exist around where these species will settle down, what they will eat, how they will reproduce, etc. Additionally, it is not always clear how other species will react to a reintroduced species.
An example of a failed rewilding attempt was at Oostvaadersplassen in the Netherlands. Wild-living cattle, horses, and red deer were brought to this reserve. However, the animals were left to starve and up to 30% of the animals died over winter periods due to lack of food.
1. What is the main function of the first paragraph?| A．To introduce the topic. | B．To explain what rewilding is. |
| C．To give a summary of the text. | D．To emphasize the benefits of rewilding. |
| A．By improving biodiversity. | B．By keeping the rainwater. |
| C．By reestablishing natural processes. | D．By storing and removing more carbon. |
| A．To show the importance of rewilding. | B．To support the points of the critics. |
| C．To call for an end to rewilding. | D．To illustrate what cannot be rewilded. |
| A．Objective. | B．Favorable. | C．Negative. | D．Worried. |
9 . Star Wars fans would be familiar with the good relationship between humans and droids (机器人) in the movies. In the movie Solo: A Star Wars Story, Lando Calrissian risked his life to rescue his co-pilot, a female droid L3-37. In real life, a humanoid robot, Sophia, has recently been granted (给予) citizenship in Saudi Arabia. Increasingly, people are ready to see robots as resembling humans. Given this phenomenon, I believ it is necessary to consider giving robots certain rights humans enjoy.
Experts have argued that since robots have now acquired human-like qualities, it is appropriate to consider if they should have rights just as humans. Sophia has a human like face and utilizes artificial intelligence to respond to speech and express emotions. For such a lifelike being that is potentially capable of expressing emotions, does it not deserve the right to be loved and respected?
Robots should also be given legal and moral protection as harming a robot may be similar to harming humans. Since people tend to form attachments to social robots, it becomes possible for companies to control the hardware and software to exploit this emotional attachment. There is a danger that data that is stored in the robot could be uploaded to the cloud. There would then possibly be situations in which the government or private sector retrieves (检索数据) the information stored in a robotic toy or social robot. With these uncertainties, it is clear why robots should be protected, just as humans.
An even more irresistible reason to grant human rights to the robots is the protection of societal values. We should stop a young child from kicking or tearing a toy robot apart because it resembles a real life. Giving robots certain rights will ensure that societal standards are set.
Still, many have roundly argued that no matter how sophisticated (老练的) they may be, robots are still machines. It is therefore quite ridiculous to treat them as living beings and grant them rights. However, with the advancement in technology, it is a matter of time before robots are fully anthropomorphized (赋予人的特征), and we would have to consider granting them rights.
In conclusion, deciding whether robots deserve human rights is by no means an easy task, but now is the time to start the conversation on this and seriously consider the possibility.
1. Why does the author mention the two examples in the first paragraph?| A．To remind readers of the importance of robots. |
| B．To discuss the necessity of rescuing robots. |
| C．To set readers thinking about an issue about robots. |
| D．To describe the relationship between humans and robots. |
| A．Robots should be legally and morally protected. |
| B．There is possible information risk. |
| C．Humans are doing harm to robots. |
| D．Robots should be given more emotional attachment. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Favorable. |
| C．Negative. | D．Uncaring. |
(①=Para. 1 ②=Para. 2 ③=Para. 3 ④=Para. 4 ⑤=Para. 5 ⑥=Para. 6)
| A．①—②③④⑤—⑥ | B．①②—③④⑤—⑥ |
| C．①—②③—④⑤⑥ | D．①—②③④—⑤⑥ |
10 . Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. He had not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we’re looking for.
“Thank you, but no thank you.” says Ralph King, a climate scientist. He told Grey Childs. author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, “but there are other things we need to deal with, like consumption. They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter” to bring the plastic to the glacier. This experiment, quote-unquote, gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changing human behavior. It can’t. Technology won’t give us a free ride.
Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won’t be climate victims, we will be climate Choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives. The engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. but that then? “Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver down my back, Grey writes.” “Something sounded wrong about stopping ice by our own will,” he says.
Me? I like it better when the earth takes care of itself, I guess one day we will have to run the place, but for the moment, sitting at my desk, looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling, I’m happy not to be in charge.
1. Why does the author mention Jason Box’s experiment in the first paragraph?| A．To introduce a possible solution to climate change. |
| B．To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate. |
| C．To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier. |
| D．To arouse people’s attention to the problem of global warming. |
| A．The fight against climate change will not succeed. |
| B．Technology is not the final solution, let alone its high cost. |
| C．It’s best to deal with climate change without changing our behavior. |
| D．Jason’s experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change. |
| A．Favorable | B．Tolerant | C．Doubtful. | D．Unclear. |
| A．But should we fix the climate? |
| B．Is climate change a real problem? |
| C．How can we take care of the earth? |
| D．What if all the glaciers disappeared? |
