1 . Scientists have long thought about whether each animal species has a different language, much like different human languages that we cannot understand. Language experts agree on the fact that the way animals communicate through various calls which are not like human languages.
Animal calls are not considered as a language because the calls are limited to information related to food activities, warning about the presence of enemies and so on. They haven't the characteristics that all human languages have. That is because humans create new expressions every day by connecting different words. However, animal calls have unchanged meanings.
Anyway, animals do communicate. People who study humans believe that people speak with their whole bodies. To express a message, one does not always need words. Have you ever shared a private joke with your friends across the table？All you did was to give them a self-satisfied smile. Animals can communicate in much the same way as humans do. Although animals do not have the ability to speak words, they can use other methods, such as movements, calls and their sense of smell. In short, most of their communication is not related with speech.
If animals can make noises, why can't they talk？Humans and animals both have the necessary organs that produce sounds, such as lungs, throat, voice box, lips and tongue. However, human organs are fully developed, which makes it possible for us humans to speak.
1. What do we know about animal calls and human languages？ ________| A．Animal calls can express richer meanings. | B．Animal calls are made only in dangerous situations. |
| C．Human languages are more creative and changeable. | D．Both of them can express the same meanings. |
| A．movement | B．language | C．speech | D．writing |
| A．They don't need to communicate by speaking. |
| B．They haven't the necessary organs to produce sounds. |
| C．Their language-related organs aren't fully developed. |
| D．Their throats and lips are too wide to speak. |
| A．Why Can Humans Speak？ |
| B．Are Lungs Necessary to Speak？ |
| C．Why Humans Can't Understand Animal Calls？ |
| D．Are Animal Calls a Language Humans Don't Understand？ |
2 . Over the years, you've probably known a good number of people-some for only a short period and others for a much longer time. If you spend a moment thinking back on the people who have meant the very most to you, selflessness will be the same thing they share. There might have been a person who really believed in you. Someone taught you something important. Someone cared for you in his or her own way. Someone has simply always remained your friend.
Many years ago, I traveled through the beautiful, history-rich country of Greece. With only a small backpack, I stayed at youth hotels, visiting city after city. One day, a shoulder strap on my backpack broke. I didn't speak any Greek and the owner didn't speak any English. I went to the front desk of my hotel and tried to ask him if there might be a shop nearby where I could have it repaired. He was clearly very busy. But he asked someone to watch over the front desk and then signed to me to follow him. We walked together for a few blocks,arriving at a little shoe repair shop. Within ten minutes, my backpack was repaired, and then the hotel owner insisted on paying for it!
I was shocked by this powerful, unexpected kindness. More than any other thing, it's what I recall most often when I think about my trip to Greece. Sometimes, you may not have even realized how much your selflessness toward someone has mattered. As the saying goes, "To the world you may be one person, but to one person you may be the world."
1. What's wrong with the author's backpack？ ________| A．One of its shoulder straps was broken. | B．It was got dirty by a cleaner. |
| C．One of its pockets was broken. | D．There was a hole in it. |
| A．Mean. | B．Warm-hearted. | C．Clever. | D．Humorous. |
| A．He became a lifelong friend of the hotel owner. | B．He spent all his money in travelling in Greece. |
| C．He picked up Greek while travelling in Greece. | D．He'll never forget the hotel owner's kindness. |
| A．To show his love of travelling. | B．To explore the value of selflessness. |
| C．To give a short introduction to Greece. | D．To introduce a shoe repair shop in Greece. |
3 . Individuals who learn two languages at an early age seem to switch back and forth between separate "sound systems" for each language, according to a new study.
The study looked at 32 Spanish-English early bilingual (双语的) speakers, who had earned their second language before age 8. They were presented with words beginning with a 'pa' or a 'ba' sound.
While 'pa' and 'ba' sounds exist in both English and Spanish, how those sounds are produced and perceived in the two languages varies slightly. For example, Spanish speakers produce 'pa' in a manner similar to English 'ba'. As a result, English-only speakers might. in some cases, confuse the 'ba' and 'pa' sounds they hear in Spanish, explains Kalim Gonzales, lead author on the study.
For the study, the bilingual participants were divided into two groups. One group was told they would be hearing rare words in Spanish, while the other was told they would be hearing rare words in English. Both groups heard audio recordings of variations of the same two words-bafri and pafri-which are not real words in either language. Participants were then asked to identify whether the words they heard began with a 'ba' or a 'pa' sound.
The findings: Participants perceived 'ba' and 'pa' sounds differently depending on whether they were told they were hearing Spanish words. or whether they were told they were hearing English words.
"What this showed is that when you put them in English mode. they actually would act like English speakers. and then if you put them in Spanish mode. they would switch to acting like Spanish speakers. "Gonzales said. " This shows bilinguals do have two different sounds systems and that they can switch between one language and the other and then use that sound system. "
"But if you learn a second language later in life. you usually have a dominant language and then you try to use that sound system for the other language. which is why you end up having an accent." he said.
"The general view is that bilinguals will never be able to perceive a second language beyond what a late learner is capable of. So even if you learn two languages from birth. you're always going to perceive one of them like a late learner. " Gonzales said. "Our findings cast doubt on that. "
1. In what way were the English "pafri" and the Spanish "pafri" different?| A．In grammar. | B．In meanings. |
| C．In spelling. | D．In pronunciation. |
| A．How well they understood the two languages. |
| B．How they perceived sounds for each language. |
| C．Whether they could identify unreal words in both languages. |
| D．Whether they could tell the difference between bafri and pafri. |
| A．English mode. | B．Spanish mode. |
| C．A second language. | D．A dominant language. |
| A．They perceive both languages like a native speaker. |
| B．They can use two sound systems at the same time. |
| C．They have two sound systems for each language. |
| D．They perceive a second language like a late learner. |
4 . What if you could give your child a special gift? A gift that was never the same, always changing? Now what if this gift was free, readily available and lasted forever?
Where do you find such a gift? It's easy: Just open your eyes and look up at the sky with your child, and you'll discover "the theatre over your heads which presents all kinds of shows," or "the art gallery above." says Jack Borden, former Boston television reporter who founded "For Spacious Skies (FSS)", a non-profit educational organization with the purpose of "stimulating and sustaining public awareness of the appearance of the sky".
Borden's big vision is to bring about "new eyes" in young children in terms of how they see the sky. But the most effective teachers and influencers of children — their parents — need to become "sky aware" themselves in order to pass the gift along.
And there's the rub.
"Could you describe the sky right now, without looking out of your window? Are there clouds? If so, what do they look like? Nine chances out of 10, you don't have a clue about the sky's appearance," says Borden. "We know that people are not looking at the sky. If they perceive the sky at all, it's in the context of the weather or astronomy."
"Sky awareness means expanding your horizons so that you begin to see that the sky is the province, not just of the weather reporter, but of the photographer, the artist, the poet, the dreamer. of the physical scientist." says Borden.
And it's the province of parents and their children.
What parent doesn't want to foster observation ability, imagination, creativity, curiosity and environmental responsibility in their children? "There's a lot to this. There's more to it than I ever dreamed," says Borden.
1. What is the special gift for children actually about?| A．A new view of the sky. | B．A new relationship to nature. |
| C．A good relationship with parents. | D．More knowledge about the weather. |
| A．It is almost impossible. | B．It is still unpopular with them. |
| C．It is unimportant for them. | D．It is quite unthinkable. |
| A．The sky has a great effect on people's daily life. |
| B．Many other people also show interest in the weather. |
| C．Many other people also play a role in weather report. |
| D．The sky also produces various effects for many others. |
| A．Borden's dream. | B．Advice to parents. |
| C．Benefits of sky awareness. | D．Requirements for cloud watching. |
5 . A man sits on the couch, his dog asleep in the next room. He thinks, "I should take Daisy for a walk." and suddenly his dog comes bounding in the room. leash (牵狗皮带) in mouth.
A cat curls up next to the phone just before a family member calls, but never when anyone else is about to call.
There are so many stories of pets seeming to know more than their natural senses would allow that it has been the subject of study and debate for years. Are their natural senses even greater than we ever imagined? Or do they have a sixth sense?
Biologist Rupert Sheldrake believes that animals have an ability of telepathy (心灵感应). Pets whom we feel especially close to seem to understand our needs. read our moods. and even communicate with us on a level that goes beyond words or body language.
Physician and author Dr. Larry Dossey says there is a connection between all species, which is not limited by locality. He refers to it as a "nonlocal mind". Consciousness is no restricted to the brain or the body, or time or place. Therefore. people and animals can have an effect on each other, even when miles apart.
Traditional scientists remain sceptical about the ability of telepathy among people-let alone pets. They say much of the phenomenon can be explained in other ways, through pets' acute senses of hearing and smell, reading human body language, or noting other cues.
Dogs and cats live mostly in a scent (气味) and sound world. It may be that when an owner thinks about taking her dog for a walk, this happy thought causes a change in her body chemistry, which the dog can smell and associate with walks.
A simpler explanation is that owners notice their pets' mysterious behaviors only when related events happen by coincidence. The cat may curl up by the phone now and then, but the owner doesn't notice. If the cat happens to sit by the phone when "dad" calls. the owner is more likely to take note.
There is no doubt that our pets live on a sensory level that's different from our own. Though we share the same five known senses, dogs and cats take in their world mostly through scent and sound. We take in our world mostly through sight. So it's not surprising that our pets are able to do things that we can't imagine could be possible.
1. The underlined part "nonlocal mind" in Paragraph 5 indicates that pets and their owners can communicate thoughts _________.| A．wherever they are | B．wherever they like |
| C．only when they stay together | D．even when they are separated |
| A．By coincidence | B．Through body language. |
| C．Through sense of smell | D．Through sense of hearing. |
| A．Their five natural senses are greater than ours. |
| B．Their sensory system works differently from ours. |
| C．They can understand our mind without words. |
| D．They can communicate without the five senses. |
| A．Why Does Your Pet Have a Sixth Sense? |
| B．Your Pet Can Sense What Is in Your Mind |
| C．Can You Communicate with Your Pet Mentally? |
| D．Pets Need Mind-to-mind Communication with Us |
6 . 
Who we need
We are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health. WHO is committed to achieving workforce variety, aiming to achieve a broad representation of nationals of our member countries. Particular attention is paid to candidates from developing countries and gender balance. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis. All posts are filled in accordance with WHOs ability model.
There are two key categories of staff at WHO：professionals(P) or directors(D) who are internationally recruited(招募) and general(G) or national professional(NPO) staff who are recruited locally for both fixed or short-term positions. We also run internship(实习) and opportunities for junior professional officers(JPOs).
| Internationally recruited(Por D) Professional staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions or positions that require a significant level of technical expertise. P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe. | Locally recruited(G or NPO) General Service staff are hired locally at the respective duty station. Their main role is to work with and support internationally recruited staff in their roles and to assure the smooth functioning of all administrative matters. National Professional Officers are nationals of the country in which they serve and perform functions of a professional nature requiring local knowledge, professional knowledge and experience. | Internships We offer internships for current students with educational background in public health, management or administration fields. |
| Junior professional officer programme The Junior Professional Officer(JPO) Programme provides young professionals at an early stage in their career with practical experience in international technical co-operation. JPOs are sponsored by their respective governments. | Recruitment restrictions Please note the following restrictions on recruitment： Relatives of WHO Staff: Except where another equally well qualified person cannot be recruited, appointment shall not be granted to a person who bears any of the following relationships to a staff member: father, mother, son, daughter, brother or sister. Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy. Policy on Non-Recruitment of Smokers: WHO has a smoke-free environment and does not recruit smokers or other tobacco users who do not indicate a willingness to stop smoking. This policy underscores the Organization’s commitment to promoting a tobacco-free environment. | |
| A．recruiting volunteers for WHO | B．achieving a broad representation of nationals |
| C．explaining the functions of WHO | D．providing information about WHO positions |
| A．Males in their later 60s. | B．People who have health problems. |
| C．Children of WHO staff. | D．Candidates with a smoking history. |
| A．General Service staff are recruited all around the world. |
| B．Junior Professional Officers work for local governments. |
| C．Current students majoring in engineering can apply for internships. |
| D．Professionals and directors are an internationally mobile workforce. |
7 . A glimpse at Spring Festival Chinese film releases
The clock is ticking down to 2021! We’ve handpicked some films to help you get in the spirit of the season.
Hi, Mom
The film is widely regarded as the top dark horse thanks to its tear-jerking narration of mother-daughter affection, which is directed by Jia Ling.
Time： Feb. 12—14 9：30 a. m.〜11 ：30 a.m.
Place： Room 1
Treats： Popcorn, Ice cream
Price： ¥80
Detective Chinatown 3
Directed by Chen Sicheng, this movie topped the list of the most-anticipated holiday films sent by movie ticketing platform Maoyan.
Time： Feb. 14-16 1：00p. m.〜3：00P.m.
Place ： Room 2
Treats： Popcorn, Ice cream （for free）
Price： ¥75
A Writer\ Odyssey
Director Lu Yang showed a boldly imaginative visualization of a horrible fantasy world, taking the third seat with 410 million yuan.
Time： Feb. 13—17 9 ：30 a. m. 11 ：30 a. m.
Place： Room 3
Price： ¥65
Endgame
The film illustrates a comical up and down fate between an unsuccessful theater actor and a famous professional assassin（刺客）who loses his memory accidentally.
Time： Feb. 15 — 18 3：30 p. m.〜5：30 p. m.
Place： Room 4
Price： ¥60
Welcome to book through the WeChat account!
1. Which room will show a film about family love?| A．Room 1. | B．Room 2. | C．Room 3. | D．Room 4. |
| A．Feb. 16 3：00 a. m. | B．Feb. 15 2：00 p. m. |
| C．Feb. 18 2：00 p. m. | D．Feb. 14 11 ：00 a. m. |
| A．A report. | B．A poster. | C．A journal. | D．A guidebook. |
8 . On the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown. Everything about the school seemed so difficult. On that first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldn't figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be? I didn't think I could rise to this challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knock someone out with it! The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and they were probably right.
Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out. With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.
Since then, I've been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn't much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.
It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some out-of-class activities because you'll find it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn't straight A's.
Most important of all, be who you are, whether you're a "fool", an athlete, or a lower grader. Don't try to pretend to be someone you're not. Now you know the true secrets of high school.
1. The main reason for the author's fear on his first day is that .| A．he was not familiar with the new surroundings |
| B．his schoolmates were unfriendly to him |
| C．he was unable to work out the puzzle |
| D．his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry |
| A．his home was far away from the school |
| B．he got to school after classes began |
| C．he didn't get any school schedule |
| D．he didn't know the right way to class |
| A．gradually adjusted himself to the new school |
| B．was still not accustomed to the schedule |
| C．found high school not so challenging as he had imagined |
| D．ran for monitor of his class against three other students |
| A．making more friends | B．getting more A's at school |
| C．being who he really is | D．joining in out-of-class activities |
9 . SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY?
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, a lot of people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?| A．A person died in an accident while driving his brand-new car. |
| B．The relatives of the victim would never accept the apology. |
| C．Many people took a negative attitude to this new technology. |
| D．The company was very concerned about the future of this new technology. |
| A．To persuade us to follow their natural living style. |
| B．To tell us the Amish prefer a harmonious and peaceful life. |
| C．To prove people can still live better without new technology. |
| D．To advocate a simple life with family and community by hard work. |
| A．Monitoring people’s physical health. |
| B．Providing chances in life more easily. |
| C．Predicting the earthquake and tsunami. |
| D．Helping people contact each other easily. |
| A．To praise the advantages of new technology. |
| B．To show his supportive idea of new technology. |
| C．To criticize the disadvantages of new technology. |
| D．To arouse people’s concern about new technology. |
10 . For Stevens Point locals in the US, the city is flooded with delicious fried fish. Here are four top choices for the community to have a try.
Hilltop Pub&Grill
Hilltop Pub&Grill first opened in the 1980s and took the Stevens Point community by storm with its delicious food and unique decoration style. Its fried fish are beloved due to the use of “high-quality North Atlantic fish, with a light beer batter (面糊)”.
The Final Score Bar&Grill
The Final Score Bar&Grill aimed to become a local hot spot in 2001 when Jim Billings, the owner, took charge of the business. Billings feels that their five batter choices set them apart from their neighboring bars. Besides, various wines are available.
Point After Pub&Grill
Point After Pub&Grill started serving delicious food and cold beers in a welcoming environment in 2009. But its history runs much longer. “Before it was Point After Pub&Grill, it had been Northside Bar for 30 plus years,” explained Molski, the owner. Molski feels that the pub’s four special batter choices and other fish specials are what help make it an area landmark.
Two Harps Pub
This Irish pub opened its doors to the public in 2017 and has been drawing fans and locals ever since. “I had done my career for a long time and was kind of bored with it,” said Nick Moore, the owner. “And this opportunity fell into my lap, so I went with it. It really made sense to open up an Irish bar.” The growing pub advises guests to try a cold beer with their Friday fried fish.
1. What makes Hilltop Pub&Grill popular with customers?| A．The convenient location. | B．The special food. |
| C．The high-quality service. | D．The unique wine. |
| A．They are both run by the same company. | B．They are both famous for great wines. |
| C．They both feature some particular batter. | D．They were both founded ten years ago. |
| A．It is the newest among the four pubs. | B．It offers free cold beers to customers. |
| C．It only provides fried fish on Fridays. | D．It has a unique decoration style. |
