4 . If you're feeling hungry, what’s the easiest way to satisfy your Hunger? Many of Us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious-but possibly unhealthy -food. And our increasingly hectic lives add to our need to buy ready-made food because we always have no time or energy to cook on our own.

Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desire at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient. It's estimated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 foods from 60,000 restaurants. Amelia Brophy, head of UK Data Products at YouGov, told the BBC that its research suggests that the frequency of takeaways ordered is expected to increase in the future.

It’s no wonder we are tempted to skip the grocery shopping, bypass the kitchen, and tuck into something that someone else has prepared. But ordering a pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health. Eating too much processed and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity and the risk of developing certain diseases. A few years ago, the BBC Good Food Nation Survey found most people eating fast food on average two days per week gradually putting on weight.

Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier, as well as offering smaller portion sizes. But the best advice for you is to find a recipe book and try making your own nutritious meals. And if you haven't got time, try ordering a healthier alternative from the menu.

1. What does the underlined word “hectic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Abnormal.

B．Busy.

C．Irregular.

D．Social.

2. What has made takeaway foods even more popular nowadays?

A．The various food.

B．Their delicious taste.

C．Their relatively low price.

D．The advanced technology.

3. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?

A．Takeaway foods may do harm to health.

B．Takeaway foods make people light-hearted.

C．Pizza and noodles are the most popular takeaway foods.

D．The UK has the largest number of people ordering takeaway foods.

4. What is the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph?

A．To give readers some suggestions.

B．To offer readers an alternative menu.

C．To find the reason for ordering takeaway foods.

D．To choose the best way of making nutritious meals.

6 . When I arrived in London, I couldn't speak a word of English. Not even "hello". I was 18. I'd been working for my dad's restaurant in Milan and I wanted a new experience. My friend from home lived in London and he used to tell me how incredible it was. I was really bored, so I took my luggage and left.

I was so lost when I arrived at Stansted. To me, English sounded like Chinese. I only arrived with a few hundred pounds. I lived with my friend in East London for a while. I couldn't find a job for a month. Finally I found a waiter role in a restaurant. At the time, I had nothing else going on in my life. I used to get up, go to work, and sleep. It was no difference every day. Then one day on my lunch break, I saw a Gymbox. When I took a look in, there was an amazing Muay Thai (泰拳) class. I used to do boxing when I was 15 but I wasn't that serious about it. There and then I joined the gym and signed up for the Thai boxing team.

I fell in love with it. I never missed a session (一场) . I started training a lot and the head coach said to me one day, "Do you want to fight?" I knew that's what I wanted to do. He put me in competitions and I won my first nine amateur games. After watching me progress, he offered to help me fight professionally. However, at one point I had a motorcycle crash and was out for 18 months. This year I've fought in Milan and London. I'd say I'm about 12 fights away from becoming a winner

Sometimes I can't believe how far I've come from that day I arrived in England. I think everything that's happened has been because I'm committed. But anyone could do it. If you put in 100%, you'll get there. I'm just happy because I did a positive thing with my life. It feels good.

1. What had the writer done before he came to London?

A．He had worked in a restaurant.	B．He had been a professional coach.
C．He had worked in a small company.	D．He had done nothing but travel around.

2. How was the writer's life at first in London?

A．Exciting.

B．Scary.

C．Satisfying.

D．Dull.

3. What influenced the writer's life most?

A．Joining the boxing team.	B．Losing the competition in Milan.
C．Suffering from a motorcycle crash.	D．Being the head coach of the team.

4. What does the writer intend to convey in the last paragraph?

A．Life is not all roses.	B．Difficulties make him stronger.
C．Failure is the mother of success.	D．Devotion makes him successful.

7 . It is the stock response to a parent struggling with a crying baby or a bad-tempered teenager: “Treasure every moment because they grow up so fast.” Now researchers have found there may be something in the old saying. Watching children grow up really does seem to make time fly. Scientists have found that parents feel time passing more quickly than non-parents.

The findings could be due to the fact that children change fast. “Over ten years, children go through dramatic changes not only in their physical appearance, but also in their understanding abilities and their status, ” the researchers said. The results could also be a consequence of parents spending a large amount of their time on their children, they said, even though they found no difference in the time pressures recorded by parents compared with non-parents in the study.

For the study, published in the journal Timing & Time Perception (感知), the researchers asked 431 people aged from 20 to 59 to fill in a subjective time questionnaire, a tool used by psychologists to measure time perception. They were asked: “How fast did the last ten years pass for you?” An answer of very slowly gave a score of-2; slowly was-I; neither fast nor slow was 0; fast was I and very fast scored 2. So the higher the score, the faster they felt time had passed. The parents had an average score of I. 22, compared with 0. 76 for the non-parents.

Participants were also asked how quickly the last year, month and week had passed, but there were no differences between the groups for these shorter intervals (间隔). Previous studies have suggested that time also seems to speed up when we get older. Research published in 2019 by Duke University in North Carolina suggests this could be due to physical changes in our bodies, with a slowdown in image processing speeding up our perception of time passing.

Days that seemed to last forever in our youth were “not due to experiences being much deeper or meaningful”, the researcher Adrian Bejan said, “but due to the fact that they were being processed rapidly.”

1. What probably makes parents feel time passing more quickly than non-parents?

A．The pressure of raising children.	B．Devoting much time to children.
C．The slowdown in image processing.	D．Noticing children’s daily physical growth.

2. What can be inferred from the text?

A．Time seems to speed up for the young.

B．Parents responded differently to the old saying.

C．Non-parents have deeper experiences.

D．The older people are, the higher scores they may get.

3. What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Experiences.

B．Researchers.

C．Days.

D．Youths.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．The perception of time passing.

B．Teenagers experience dramatic changes.

C．Time really flies when you are having children.

D．Comparison between parents and non-parents.

8 . Two hours from the tall buildings of Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance (丰富) of other wildlife.

The streams, lakes, grasslands, mountain and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Pocono’s natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places”.

Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Bud Cook, the president of the Conservancy, is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forming partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.

Altemose’s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago, Francis worked with the local branch of the Nature Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family’s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.

Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents.

“The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live here respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation efforts.”

For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world’s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at www.tnc.org.

1. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America’s “Last Great Places” is to ________.

A．gain support from the local community.

B．protect it from irresponsible development.

C．make it a better home for black bears.

D．provide financial security for future generations.

2. We learn from the passage that ________.

A．the tourist industry is growing fast and has great influence on the Pocono area.

B．wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidly.

C．the security of the Pocono residents is being threatened.

D．farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast.

3. What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence” in Paragraph 5?

A．Financial contributions from local business leaders.

B．Consideration of the interests of the local residents.

C．The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area.

D．The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area.

4. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?

A．The setting up of an environmental protection website.

B．Support from organizations like the Nature Conservancy.

C．Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders.

D．Inclusion of farmlands in the region’s protection program.

9 . In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang （俚语） deepen the generation gap（代沟），after People Daily started a discussion on Chinese microblog Weibo on how to "explain" the youth's Internet slang terms to parents. The post got 40,000 likes. People were commenting that they couldn't keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo （术语）in China.

People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic （语言的） trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of pinyin, the romanization of traditional Chinese characters using the Western alphabet. As pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while less and less people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called "character amnesia" in China.

2019^’s latest slang terms add a further simplification: the use of pinyin acronyms. "Awsl"   in pinyin, for instance, means Ah, wo si le (Oh, I'm gonna die), and is used if something is too cute or adorable. "Nsdd" stands for ni shuo de dui (you're right).

Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years. But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer.

Acronyms aren't new. They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging. Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime. That's likely to be what's going to happen with China's Internet slang terms. Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves.

In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity. Older generations don't have to feel left out, and certainly don't have to fear a degradation (没落)of the Chinese language. While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight.

1. The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because

A．It's used by children to keep secrets from parents.

B．It can cause confusion even among young people.

C．It was invented in response to the limited messaging space.

D．It will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese.

2. How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language?

A．They add variety to the language.

B．They are replacing its traditional vocabulary.

C．They make the language more global.

D．They only have temporary effects on Chinese.

3. By using Internet slang in China, people may get.

A．a sense of purpose

B．a sense of group identity

C．a sense of cultural pride

D．a sense of safety

4. Which could be the best title for the passage?

A．Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang?

B．Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected?

C．Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap?

D．Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese?

10 . The ice around Alaska is not just melting. It's gotten so low that the situation is endangering some people's food and jobs.

“The seas are extraordinary warm. It is affecting the ability for Americans in the area to put food on the table right now,” said University of Alaska climate expert Rick Thoman.

Ocean temperatures in the Chukchi and North Bering seas are nearly 5°C above normal, satellite data shows.

“The northern Bering and southern Chukchi Seas are baking. And there are immediate local and economic influences along the state's western and northern coastlines. Birds and sea animals are showing up dead and sea temperatures are warm enough to support algae (藻类) to grow rapidly, robbing sea animals of oxygen and sunshine.” he said.

Many coastal Alaska towns are facing dire situation since they depend on fishing to support their economy and feed people who live there.

“Much of what the people eat there comes from food they harvest themselves,” said Brian Brettschneider at the International Arctic Research Center. “If people can't get out on the ice to hunt seals or whales, that affects their food security. It is a human crisis (危机) of survival.”

The warming is a sure signal of a warming planet, according to Brettschneider.

“This event is unquestionably a reflection of our changing climate. And this year's conditions will have a lasting effect. These extraordinary warm waters will take a while to cool off as winter approaches, and later and thinner ice is expected in the coming winter.” he said.

“What is happening in coastal Alaska is what is coming in one sense for everybody else,” he said. “Most people are feeling the effects of climate change even if they don't know it. Changes are happening, and changes will be more obvious. ”

1. Why is the food for people in Alaska at risk according to Rick Thoman?

A．The sea water is too warm for creatures in the sea.

B．Climate change causes the increasing death of sea creatures.

C．Fishers are forced to quit their jobs because of climate change.

D．Higher temperature produces poisonous plants that can't be eaten.

2. What does the underlined word “dire” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．Inconvenient

B．Familiar.

C．Sudden.

D．Awful

3. What is Brettschneider's attitude towards the current situation of climate change?

A．Positive.

B．Curious.

C．Concerned.

D．Unclear.

4. What message does the author try to express in this text?

A．People can do nothing to deal with climate change.

B．Climate change makes people in Alaska live a hard life.

C．More efforts should be made to protect the sea life in Alaska.

D．There are many reasons why the ocean in Alaska is warming.