1 . A new study on the link between chili (辣椒) and dementia (老年痴呆) may be bad news for spicy food fans as researchers have found that eating lots of chili may cause an increased risk of dementia.
The study, led by Zumin Shi, associate professor at the College of Health Sciences of Qatar University, analyzed 4,582 Chinese adults aged 55 and above between 1991 and 2006 and found evidence of faster cognitive (认知) decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day.
“Chili is one of the most commonly used spices in the world and particularly popular in Asia compared to European countries,” Li said in the press release. “In certain regions of China, such as Sichuan and Hunan, almost one in three adults consume spicy food every day.”
“Chili consumption was found to be beneficial to body weight and blood pressure in our previous studies. However, in this study, we found negative effects on cognition among older adults,“ Shi said in a press release published on Tuesday.
Chili intake included both fresh and dried chili peppers but not sweet capsicums or black peppers, explained Ming Li of the University of South Australia, an author of the study. Capsaicin is the active component in chili which reportedly speeds up metabolism (新陈代谢) and fat loss, and inhibits vascular disorders (抑制血管紊乱), but this is the first longitudinal (纵向的) study to investigate the association between chili intake and cognitive function, researchers said. The researchers said people of normal body weight may be more sensitive to chili intake than overweight people and so their memory and weight suffer a lot.
Worldwide, around 50 million people have dementia, and Alzheimer's disease is the most common form that may contribute to 60 to 70 percent of the cases, according to the World Health Organization. At present, no treatment can cure dementia or change its progressive course.
1. What is Paragraph 3 about?A.The planting of chili. | B.The popularity of chili. |
C.The bad effects of chili. | D.The custom of eating chili. |
A.Overweight seniors. | B.Overweight teenagers. |
C.Seniors of normal body weight. | D.Teenagers of normal body weight. |
A.body weight | B.blood pressure |
C.cognitive abilities | D.metabolism |
A.Eating chili causes dementia. |
B.Chili is the main cause of dementia. |
C.Avoiding chili could help dementia. |
D.Eating too much spicy food might cause dementia. |
2 . It was a day in late December. The Christmas tree had been taken down. The lights and decorations had been boxed up and put in the closet until next year. And I was feeling a little empty. Surely I wasn't looking forward to the long, cold, dark winter to come. I had always been a light lover on the inside. I tried to take comfort in knowing that a few more minutes of daylight was being added each day, but it hardly worked.
I was both surprised and delighted when I looked, out of my window and saw that a spring-like day had suddenly arrived. I could hear the neighborhood children outside playing in the warm air. I smiled when I saw them and my inner little girl longed to be out there riding bikes and playing games as well.
I tied my dogs for their afternoon walk hoping to enjoy some of the sunshine myself. As I was about to head out the door, however, I decided to do something a little different. I reached down and pulled my shoes and socks off. I hadn't been barefoot outside since the summer. I slowly stepped out on the cool damp grass. It felt so alive under my feet. I laughed as I walked along. I remembered something I once read too, “Walk as if you were kissing the earth with your feet.” And with each step I did so. My walk felt sacred and holy. I felt a oneness with the world and the love of Heaven all around me. With love in my heart, I thanked God for the gift of this day and no longer dreaded the coming of the winter. I thought I had gathered enough energy and courage to welcome it.
AH of us are walking through this life. But it is up to each of us how we do so. Are you going to trip and walk with heavy steps and complain with each step you take? Or are you going to kiss the earth with your feet and Heaven with your heart? The choice is yours.
1. How did the author feel shortly after Christmas at first?A.Surprised. | B.Delighted. | C.Unhappy. | D.Relaxed. |
A.She was inspired by delighted children. | B.She had to walk her dogs in the afternoon. |
C.She intended to give the neighbors warmth. | D.She was touched by her childhood memories. |
A.She kissed the earth lovingly. | B.She walked barefoot outside. |
C.She read a book on the grass. | D.She dried her feet in the sun. |
A.Forgot. | B.Judged. | C.Desired. | D.Feared. |
3 . Australia's biggest soft drink makers, including Coca-Cola and Pepsi, promised on Monday to cut industry-wide sugar use by a fifth over seven years to prevent obesity in a country where nearly a third of the population is dangerously fat.
Australia has the fifth-highest rate of obesity in the developed world, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,a health condition that can exacerbate(使恶化)problems from diabetes to heart disease.
Beverage(饮料)producers in Australia have already seen some consumers switch away from sugary drinks because of health concerns and they have promised the reduction as authorities press for a sugar tax similar to one introduced in Britain in April.
“We think this is a step in the right direction, ”said Geoff Parker, chief executive officer of the Australian Beverages Council (ABC) , the main body representing non-alcoholic drink makers, an industry which generates A $5 billion ($3.7 billion) in annual revenue.“We're certainly encouraging other sectors of the food supply, and indeed other categories to join with us to reduce sugar across the portfolio to help handle what is a really a complex problem and that is obesity. ”
Companies will aim for a 10 percent reduction in total sugar per 100 milliliters in their drinks by 2020 and a 20 percent reduction by 2025, achieved via a combination of recipe modification and increasing sales of low-sugar beverages, the Beverages Council said.
The World Health Organization (WHO) said last year drinking fewer sweet drinks was the best way to prevent excessive weight and prevent chronic diseases such as diabetes, although fat and salt in processed foods were also to blame.
It has pressed for governments to tax sugar.
In Australia, where according to WHO statistics two-thirds of adults are overweight and nearly a third are obese or grossly overweight,the Australian Medical Association has pressed for a sugar tax but it has been resisted by the country's two major political parties. “We don't want to see the price of groceries go up.”Health Minister Greg Hunt told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation on Monday.
1. Why did soft drink makers promise to lower sugar in their drinks?A.They wanted to cut down the cost. |
B.They helped people to lose weight. |
C.They kept people away from sugary drinks. |
D.They responded to the tax law from governments. |
A.People are unwilling to drink non-alcoholic drinks. |
B.Beverage producers take a positive attitude to sugar reduction. |
C.Many soft drink makers manage to prevent the obesity. |
D.The Australian Beverages Council has encouraged people to keep fit. |
A.They will set a goal for the sugar use in their drinks. |
B.They will limit the total sugar to 10-20 percent of drinks. |
C.They will adjust ingredients and sell more low-sugar drinks. |
D.They will produce more low-sugar beverages every year. |
A.People should push governments to tax sugar. |
B.People should reduce fat and salt in their food. |
C.People should try to reduce sugary drinks in diet. |
D.People should lose more weight to keep healthy. |
4 . Smart phones are dramatically changing the way we walk down the street. Office workers and young people are walking like pensioners (领退休金者) as they check emails and messages.
Scientists have found mobile phones make us walk more slowly, with modest steps, to avoid obstacles. The lead author of the study said the walk is similar to that of someone in their eighties. Researchers found people writing a text message walk more than twice as slowly as those without a phone, finding it harder to stay in a straight line and lift their feet 18 per cent higher above a pavement edge. Their steps are more than a third shorter, as they rely on their restricted vision to avoid falling over while distracted by their phone.
The scientists examined 252 separate participants walking while reading a text message, writing one, speaking on their phone or without their phone at all. Writing a text is the most demanding activity, causing people to look down at their phone 46 per cent more, and 45 per cent longer, than when reading a message. This led people to walk 118 per cent more slowly than when they were without their phone. People walked almost a third more slowly while reading a text and 19 per cent while talking on the phone.
Smart phones were found to prevent people from walking in a straight line, putting them at greater risk of colliding (碰撞) with other people, cars or street lamps. This increased the need to slow down and take more careful steps.
John Timmis said, "The idea for this study came from following someone walking down the street in the afternoon, who was walking as if he had had several drinks. I thought it was a bit early for that, then walked up alongside him and saw that he was on his phone. Simply being on the phone changes the way people walk."
1. What does the underlined word "modest" mean in the second paragraph?A.Young. | B.Straight. | C.Small. | D.Low. |
A.Those not carrying phones. | B.Those writing a text message. |
C.Those reading a text message | D.Those speaking on their phones |
A.The chance of possible accidents. | B.The need to walk straight. |
C.The traffic jams during rush hours. | D.The desire for using their phones. |
A.Mobile Phone Causing Danger to People’s Health. |
B.Mobile Phone Changing the Way People Walk. |
C.A New Finding about Using Mobile Phones. |
D.No Checking Emails and Messages While Walking. |
5 . Here are four activities in October. Go and get yourself out of your house.
1. Hope with Every Step 5K Race
It will be held on Saturday, October 3 at Taglienti Field on the Spruce Mountain High School campus. This event is held in honor of Josh Brochu, 13 and his sister Brook Brochu, 10, both of whom have a rare disease that affects children. All the money collected from the event will go to the A-T Childrens’ Project, a non-profit (非盈利的) organization which raises money for medical research and health centers. Visit www.atcp.org for more information.
2. A Free Movie Supported by Farmington Baptist Church
It will be shown at 7: 00 pm on October on 194 Whittier Road in Farmington. The movie When the Game Stands Tall tells the true story of the De La Salle Spartans High School football team, which set 151-game winning streak (连胜) record. Football coach Bob Ladouceur’s belief was always. “We don’t expect you to play perfectly. but to give a perfect effort.”
3. Wilton Free Public Library’s Birthday Party
The library is turning 100 years old! All are welcome to attend the party celebrating 100 years of the beautiful library building. From 10:00 am to 1: 00 pm on October 3, families are welcome to come to the library for some food and fun! There will be historical displays, fun book-themed food, face painting, and games and presents for kids. Please come and celebrate!
4. The Fourth Annual Pumpkin Festival
It will take place on Saturday, October 10. There will be various family activities, including movies, dog shows and children’s gifts. All events will take place in the Front Street Neighborhood. For more information, please visit the website: farmingtonpumpkinfestival.net.
1. Which is one of the purposes of Activity 1?A.To raise money. | B.To explore nature. |
C.To advertise a school. | D.To start an organization. |
A.Hope with Every Step 5K Race. |
B.The Fourth Annual Pumpkin Festival. |
C.Wilton Free Public Library’s Birthday Party. |
D.A Free Movie Supported by Farmington Baptist Church. |
A.Activities 1&4 | B.Activities 2&3 |
C.Activities 2&4 | D.Activities 1&33 |
A.They are both held every year. |
B.They can both entertain kids. |
C.They both need people to sign up online. |
D.They both provide a chance to taste food. |
A.At Taglienti Field. | B.On 194 Whittier Road. |
C.In Wilton Free Public Library. | D.In the Front Street Neighborhood. |
6 . A young man went to a town and worked there. He did not have a wife and a servant did the work in his house. The young man liked laughing lot. He nailed(使固定)the servant's shoes to the floor on Monday, and then laughed, because he put his feet in them and fell down. The servant was not angry, but smiled. Then the young man put brushes in his bed on Tuesday. The servant got into bed and hit the brushes with his feet. He was afraid. The young man laughed loudly again. Again the servant was not angry, but smiled. Then on Wednesday the young man said to his servant, "You're a nice, kind man. I am not going to be unkind to you again." The servant smiled and said, "And I'm not going to put any more mud from the street in your coffee."
1. The young man went to a town ________.A.to study | B.to work | C.to see his relative | D.to spend his holiday |
A.he hated him |
B.he was not satisfied with the food the servant prepared for him |
C.he wanted to get pleasure |
D.he liked to show off himself |
A.he liked the young man's' action | B.making the young man laugh is his job |
C.he was afraid to be fired | D.he thought he shouldn't' be angry with child |
A.He stole something from the house. | B.He gave a smile to the young man. |
C.He had a fight with him. | D.He put mud into the young man's coffee. |
A.Because the servant showed kind and nice behavior to him |
B.Because the servant told him the truth |
C.Because he wanted to be a good man |
D.Because his father told him to do so |
7 . As pianist Mahani Teave was ready to launch her international career,she remembered the moment when the first piano arrived on her remote island. Teave took her first lessons on that piano.
“The future of Teave is only in her hands, ”Bidini says in the documentary. “She's a wonderful package-musically, as a person, the influence that she has in public, the brightness and the power of concentration that she has in public is absolutely first class. "After four years in Berlin, Teave began to feel the island tugging on her heart and her head. She began to think of giving up a promising career that just got off the ground.The memories of her youthful hunger to learn music often troubled her. She recalled the pain felt when many teachers appeared on the island,then suddenly left. “It would get cut off and cut off and it was breaking children's dreams over and over again at her age, " she says.
That's why Teave felt an urge to change her homeland. After a three-year struggle with funding and logistics,a pair of upright pianos were dismantled (拆卸)and flown to the island. With instruments in hand, Teave's dream of building a free music school for kids was beginning to take shape. With donated land, instruments and crowd-sourced funding, Teave, along with her partner Enrique Icka,a construction engineer,broke ground on their Toki School of Music. The island's children learn more than just Mozart and Beethoven. Teave includes her island's traditional music and dance in the curriculum (课程).
"I find great joy when I see the children learning and sharing amongst each other, " she says.“And when I think of this space, it's a space we would have liked to have had as children to study. "
Teave may have given up a successful career as a concert pianist,but through her hard won ambition she gained something more-the satisfaction of supporting the dreams of children,hungry to learn music.
1. Bidini says "Teave's future is only in her hands"because_______.A.Teave has a deep influence on music |
B.Teave specializes in playing the piano |
C.Teave's great talent for music brings huge popularity |
D.Teave's works of music are admired by the public |
A.Children's dreams to learn music. |
B.Being short of excellent teachers. |
C.A remote island far from any towns or cities. |
D.Her sufferings in learning music as a child. |
A.They began to love traditional dance. |
B.They showed gratitude to Teave. |
C.They were satisfied with curriculum. |
D.They were devoted to music learning. |
A.To introduce a music school. |
B.To share an interesting story. |
C.To praise Teave for her greatness. |
D.To show his concem about children. |
8 . Creative and can-do Australians are collecting waste plastics and making new products using homemade machines. Precious Plastic SA is part of an international community of more than 40,000 people working to battle against plastic pollution.
Environmental science student Lucy Dunton said she got the idea from designer and maker Dave Hakkens' video on Facebook. Mr. Hakkens is from the Netherlands and posts videos about how to make things out of waste plastics on social media platforms such as Facebook and YouTube.
“We're really interested in doing something, changing the way people think and creating this amazing community, to share skills and advice and connect with like-minded people,” she said. “Plastics can be used to make useful, everyday things as a way to fight plastic pollution. We want to encourage and support those who have started or want to start their own project, by acting as guides and sharing advice and resources.”The group is growing as others put their hands up to offer their time, skills and resources through the website and join the group.
Environmental science student Aiden Ryan worked with mechanical engineer Luke Christiansen to build the team's compressor (压缩机) in Luke's Dad's storeroom at Holdfast Bay, South Australia. They're now collecting parts for a shredder, so they can stop cutting plastics by hand. Raw materials come from organized beach cleans. They take their collection of plastics back to the storeroom where they are turned into new plastic products such as bowls and plates.
“A bowl could be made out of 10 reusable plastic containers,”Mr. Ryan said. He hopes to start selling the new plastic products soon.
Nic Wipf-Grant, one of the founders of Precious Plastic SA, says it is part of the growing sharing economy.“We want neighbours to share skills with neighbours,” he said. “We want neighbours to bring their plastics over and make bowls, plates and iPhone covers as gifts for their family and friends.”
1. What is one main purpose of Precious Plastic SA?A.To raise money for ocean protection. | B.To encourage people to cut down on waste. |
C.To suggest using resources reasonably. | D.To help people fight against plastic pollution. |
A.He is an Australian designer. | B.He helps Lucy Dunton post videos. |
C.He cares about the environment. | D.He is a member of Precious Plastic SA. |
A.To show they have a business spirit. |
B.To show many people play a role in Precious Plastic SA. |
C.To explain the way to protect the environment. |
D.To explain their great interest in science. |
A.It will become popular soon. | B.It sets a good example to new setups. |
C.It encourages sharing. | D.It has changed people's ideas about plastics |
9 . When I arrived in London, I couldn't speak a word of English. Not even "hello". I was 18. I'd been working for my dad's restaurant in Milan and I wanted a new experience. My friend from home lived in London and he used to tell me how incredible it was. I was really bored, so I took my luggage and left.
I was so lost when I arrived at Stansted. To me, English sounded like Chinese. I only arrived with a few hundred pounds. I lived with my friend in East London for a while. I couldn't find a job for a month. Finally I found a waiter role in a restaurant. At the time, I had nothing else going on in my life. I used to get up, go to work, and sleep. It was no difference every day. Then one day on my lunch break, I saw a Gymbox. When I took a look in, there was an amazing Muay Thai (泰拳) class. I used to do boxing when I was 15 but I wasn't that serious about it. There and then I joined the gym and signed up for the Thai boxing team.
I fell in love with it. I never missed a session (一场) . I started training a lot and the head coach said to me one day, "Do you want to fight?" I knew that's what I wanted to do. He put me in competitions and I won my first nine amateur games. After watching me progress, he offered to help me fight professionally. However, at one point I had a motorcycle crash and was out for 18 months. This year I've fought in Milan and London. I'd say I'm about 12 fights away from becoming a winner
Sometimes I can't believe how far I've come from that day I arrived in England. I think everything that's happened has been because I'm committed. But anyone could do it. If you put in 100%, you'll get there. I'm just happy because I did a positive thing with my life. It feels good.
1. What had the writer done before he came to London?A.He had worked in a restaurant. | B.He had been a professional coach. |
C.He had worked in a small company. | D.He had done nothing but travel around. |
A.Exciting. | B.Scary. | C.Satisfying. | D.Dull. |
A.Joining the boxing team. | B.Losing the competition in Milan. |
C.Suffering from a motorcycle crash. | D.Being the head coach of the team. |
A.Life is not all roses. | B.Difficulties make him stronger. |
C.Failure is the mother of success. | D.Devotion makes him successful. |
10 . Delivering medical supplies to hard-to-reach places has been an issue for years. Worldwide, more than two billion people lack access to essential life-saving supplies, such as blood and vaccines(疫苗). In the African nation of Rwanda, for example, several remote health clinics do not have sufficient quantities of blood and other healthcare products. A company called Zipline is trying to address this problem. It uses drones(无人机)to transport medical supplies around Rwanda. A drone can now deliver medicine in 30 minutes.
Drones are also assisting emergency organizations after natural disasters. In 2015, for example, a powerful hurricane destroyed thousands of buildings in the Pacific island nation of Vanuatu. Around 75,000 people lost their homes, and at least 15 died. After the storm, drones photographed the damage. These surveys helped emergency workers assess the situation quickly and answer important questions: Which areas were hardest hit? Were crops damaged? What roads were affected?
Drones are also helping to protect wildlife populations in parts of Africa and Asia. Every year, poachers(偷猎者) kill thousands of elephants, rhinos, and other endangered animals. To stop them; the environmental organization World Wildlife Fund is using drones to find where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying weapons. Equipped with infrared video cameras, drones can easily identify people and animals at night. These drones are not only helpful, they are affordable.
As well as finding poachers, drones can be used to track animals. Scientists at Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU)plan to employ drones for an ambitious conservation project: documenting the world's wildlife. The long-term project will start with scientific surveys of animal populations. And animal species can then be identified using special software.
Ironically(讽刺地), a tool originally created for military use is increasingly being used to save lives instead of taking then. Drones have the potential to provide solutions that will benefit both humans and animals.
1. What does the text focus on?A.Importance of saving lives. |
B.Development of drones. |
C.Applications of drones. |
D.Ways to protect animals. |
A.Helping predict disasters. |
B.Providing data for evaluation. |
C.Organizing emergency workers. |
D.Reporting local weather. |
A.Track poachers. |
B.Design new practical drones. |
C.Record wild animals in detail. |
D.Develop an assessing software. |
A.They need to be fitted with video cameras. |
B.They are unavailable to ordinary people. |
C.They should be limited to military use. |
D.They have a promising prospect. |