2 . Nowadays technologies benefit us a lot in our daily life, but if not properly used, they can affect our health．The bed is supposed to be reserved as a place for sleep, but people tend to read an iPad a lot in bed before they go to sleep．

Charles Czeisler, a professor at Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues got a small group of people for an experiment．For five days in a row, the people read either a paper book or an iPad for four hours before sleep．Their sleep patterns were monitored all night．Before and after each trial period, the people took hourly blood tests to paint a day-long picture of just how much melatonin（褪黑激素） was in their blood at any given time．

When subjects read on the iPad as compared to the paper books, they reported feeling less sleepy at night and less active the following morning．People also took longer to fall asleep on the iPad nights, and the blood tests showed that their melatonin secretion（分泌） was delayed by an hour and a half．

The researchers conclude in today's journal article that given the rise of e-readers and the increasingly widespread use of e-things among children and adolescents, more research into the long-term consequences of these devices on health and safety is urgently needed．Czeisler and colleagues go on, in the research paper, to note "Reading an iPad in bed may increase cancer risk"．

However, software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens of phones and computers according to time of day, and there are also glasses that are made to filter（过滤） short wavelengths．While they seem like a logical solution for the nighttime tech users, it needs more research．

1. In Charles Czeisler's experiment, what were all the subjects asked to do?

A．Sit in a row and receive the strict tests．

B．Have their sleep patterns observed all night．

C．Read a paper book and an iPad at the same time．

D．Have their blood tested per hour during the trial．

2. What were the iPad readers likely to do according to the third paragraph?

A．They felt less sleepy and tired in the day．

B．They fell asleep more easily after reading．

C．They became less energetic the next morning．

D．They had a lot more melatonin secretions．

3. What can the special software recently developed do for e-readers?

A．It can remove the blue light from your devices completely．

B．It can help prevent eyes being harmed by short wavelengths．

C．It can weaken the harm done by doing nighttime e-reading．

D．It can be used in all the e-things widely and safely．

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Wrong behaviors before bedtime．	B．New software for night e-readers．
C．No games on the iPad in bed．	D．No e-reading in bed before sleep．

3 . Think about what you did this morning. You get out of bed and get yourself ready for the day.Many people take for granted the fact that they are able to do this independently. Imagine for a moment that you couldn't dress yourself or make your own breakfast. Now imagine if this is how you will wake up for the rest of your life. For Ivy Krause, this is her reality.

Ivy has a medical condition known as Epidermolysis Bullosa (表皮溶解水泡症)，or EB, where the slightest touch can blister and even remove her skin. Ivy has the most severe form of EB where her skin is affected both externally and internally. Simple tasks like going to the toilet and getting dressed are made very difficult. Mobility is limited as Ivy's skin has become tight, and her fingers have fused together, with the only way to reverse this being surgery. EB is a very painful condition, and what is most heartbreaking is knowing that this beautiful, smiling, little girl is living in constant extreme pain.

This is where carers and trained babysitters come in. Yvonne McMullan has been caring for Ivy for the past 3 years, and said it has been both the worst and best experience. "It's hard. For her, especially at this age, she needs continuity of care. By having the same nurses treating her, Ivy knows that we love and care about her as much as she loves us. But without being there, you don't know just how sorrowful it is to see her in pain. It's heartbreaking."

Ivy is a fighter in almost every sense of the word. She has encouraged so many people to give back to the community and donate to charities who support the families of young children living with disabilities, even just to show appreciation to the gift of life and opportunity. Even though she is covered with bandages, her strong will for life is moving and inspiring, just like a butterfly, facing so many barriers which still does its best to come out of the chrysalis (蝶蛹).

1. What is wrong with Ivy Krause?

A．She doesn't know how to cook.	B．She can't live on her own.
C．She is particular for food.	D．She is too lazy.

2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The reason for Ivy's illness.	B．The symptom of Ivy's EB.
C．The cures of treating EB.	D．The research on skin.

3. Which words can describe Ivy?

A．Generous and encouraging.	B．Optimistic and grateful.
C．Ambitious and caring.	D．Independent and unselfish.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．A heartbroken babysitter	B．A strange case ever found
C．A butterfly beneath the bandages	D．The appreciation to the gift of life

4 . A simple piece of clotheslines hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors. On one side stand those who see clothes dryers as a waste of energy and a major polluter of the environment. As a result, they are turning to clotheslines as part of the "what-I-can- do environmentalism”

But on the other side are people who are against drying clothes outside, arguing that clotheslines are unpleasant to look at. They have persuaded Homeowners Associations(HOAs) across the US to stop outdoor clotheslines, because clothesline drying also tends to lower home value in the neighborhood. This has led to a Right-to-Dry Movement that is calling for laws be passed to protect the choice to use clotheslines. So far, only three states have laws to protect clotheslines.

Matt Reck, 37, is the kind of eco-friendly person who feeds his trees with bathwater and reuses water drops from his air conditioners to water plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But several days ago, the HOA in North Carolina told him that a dissatisfied neighbor had telephoned them about his clothesline. The Recks paid no attention to the warning and still dried their clothes on a line in the yard "Many people say they are environmentally friendly but they don't take matters in their own hands," says Reck. The local HOA has decided not to take any action, unless more neighbors complain.

North Carolina lawmakers say that stopping clotheslines is not the right thing to do. But HOAs and housing businesses believe that clothesline drying reminds people of poor neighborhoods. They worry that if buyers think their future neighbors can" even afford dryers, housing prices will fall.

Environmentalists say such worries are not necessary, and in view of global warming, that idea needs to change. As they say, "The clothesline is beautiful Hanging clothes outside should be encouraged. We all have to do at least something to slow down the process of global warming.

1. Supporters of clothes dryers are trying to stop clothesline drying because         .

A．clothes dryers can save money	B．clothes dryers are energy-saving
C．clothesline drying reduces home value	D．clothesline drying is not allowed in US

2. Which of the following best describes Matt Reck?

A．He is a warm-hearted man.	B．He is an impolite neighbor.
C．He is an inexperienced gardener.	D．He is a man of social responsibility.

3. Who are most likely to support clothesline drying?

A．Housing businesses.	B．Environmentalists.
C．Homeowners Associations.	D．Reck's dissatisfied neighbors.

4. What could be the best title for the passage?

A．Opposing Opinions on Clothesline Drying	B．A Way to Save Energy and Money
C．Different Varieties of Clotheslines	D．A Lost Art to Be Discovered.

5 . If you are aiming to master anything quickly, you can learn from Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman. They offer practical advice you can use to improve your learning.

According to Einstein, improving your intellectual capacity should be fun and enjoyable —— happy learners are quick learners. In 1915, he wrote a letter to his 11-year-old son (Hans Albert) who was learning the piano and said:

“I am very pleased that you find joy with the piano. This and carpentry are in my opinion for your age the best pursuits, better even than school, because those are things which fit a young person such as you very well. Mainly play the things on the piano which please you, even if the teacher does not assign those. That is the way to learn the most when you are doing something with such enjoyment that you don’t notice that the time passes.”

To learn anything faster or better, choose topics you will enjoy — if you have control over what you are learning. Make the learning relevant. You should be able to answer the question “Why am I learning this?” at any point.

Richard Feynman won a Nobel Prize and always wanted to know more and to learn more. Known as the “Great Explainer”，he was famous for his ability to explain complex topics in simple ways.

The Feynman Technique, his approach to improving learning, features explaining or teaching what you learn to others. It can help you learn better and keep more of what you learn. According to Feynman, it is significant to have the ability to explain things simply — so simple, in fact, that you could explain it to an eight-year-old. Einstein agrees. He once said,  “If you can't explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough.”

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn,” said the Roman philosopher Seneca. Learners keep a greater percentage of what they learn when they explain or teach the concept to someone else, or use it immediately. Your ideas will never be more effective than your ability to make others grasp them. When you share, you remember better.

1. Einstein wrote the letter to his son in order to _.

A．encourage Hans to play the piano well

B．share some useful advice on how to play the piano

C．support Hans' learning the piano with enjoyment

D．suggest Hans taking teachers* assignment seriously

2. Which of the following is the characteristic of the Feynman Technique?

A．Teaching what you learn to others.	B．Explaining your things thoroughly.
C．Choosing enjoyable topics.	D．Understanding things well enough.

3. Why is the Roman philosopher Seneca mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．To provide advice on how to teach concepts.

B．To illustrate the significance of teaching others.

C．To impress the readers with his meaningful quotes.

D．To show people’s exploration of concepts in history.

4. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A．Secrets of Learning Faster.

B．Benefits of Teaching Others.

C．Contribution of Great Explainers.

D．Importance of Learning with Enjoyment.

6 . Twenty-five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take up singing. But today, things stand differently.

According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or “vlogger” (视频博主). The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as much as 40 percent of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.

This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.

In the past, the biggest stars were trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting with their fans about everyday life.

However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.

Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follow careers that don’t necessarily earn them fame, but allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies. Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. It’s an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And that's enough for him.

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A．Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their job.

B．The Internet is influencing young Britons’career choice.

C．The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.

D．Young Britons can not find jobs without the Internet.

2. Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?

A．Vloggers can earn greater fame and more money on the Internet.

B．There is too much competition in the traditional show business.

C．The Internet makes it convenient to enter show business.

D．Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.

3. What can we infer from Paragraph 5?

A．Only a few vloggers can be famous and wealthy.

B．A vlogger can not earn fame and fortune.

C．People often see the bright side of being a vlogger.

D．Dreams will always remain dreams.

4. What do young people like David do on the Internet?

A．Learn from others.	B．Become an online hit.
C．Hold running races.	D．Combine jobs with hobbies.

7 . Most people hate change, which is sad since We often go through intense changes in life. And for some of us, even the smallest changes can upset our day. So the question is: Why do most of us find making adjustments to our lives so hard?

Fear of change is nothing new. Over a century ago, the Parisians were unhappy over a particular addition to their city: the Eiffel Tower. In fact, the citizens were so angry about the plans for the tower that they protested its construction. As strange as it may seem, their anger was completely natural. They were given no choice about the huge change that was going to be made, so they became angry.

But we get upset over changes even when we do have a say in the matter and think about them carefully. Changes are brought about every day by the decisions we make: which school to attend, which job to take, whom to marry. Voluntary changes also make most of us uneasy because we don't know how those changes will affect our future.

People have discovered that the key to overcoming the fear and anger associated with change is to be flexible. When they are flexible, people can adapt to new situations more easily. Being flexible is especially important in the 21st century as technology makes change occur faster than ever before. Those who oppose change, especially with technology in the workplace, may find themselves out of a job.

When change comes, and you have no choice but to face it, embrace it. A positive attitude helps a lot. In fact, the change may turn out to be the best thing for you. That new job you got may end up being much better than your old one. You may make the best friends of your life in the new city you moved to. Don't merely focus on how you feel about change; instead decide to accept the change. The change is the reality, and it's up to you whether the change will be a success or a failure. You never know—your next change may be your life's Eiffel Tower!

1. Why did the building of the Eiffel Tower make the Parisians unhappy?

A．Because they didn't like the design of the Eiffel Tower.

B．Because they couldn't avoid accepting the Eiffel Tower.

C．Because it was no use building the Eiffel Tower.

D．Because the Eiffel Tower seemed strange.

2. How should we overcome negative emotions that the changes bring?

A．We are not supposed to face the changes and let them alone.

B．We should actively accustom ourselves to the new circumstance.

C．We should not take the changes seriously and avoid them as much as possible.

D．We should know that the changes merely bring us bad influence.

3. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

A．The change will probably make you fail like the Eiffel Tower.

B．The change is like the Eiffel Tower which is not good for our future life.

C．Your future life is never known just like the Eiffel Tower unknown to the Parisians.

D．Your future life is likely to be a great achievement due to the change.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．The Psychology of Change

B．The ways to Overcome the Fear

C．Changes That Disturb Us

D．The Bad Effect of Changes

8 . 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem— inability to read.
In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book titled Amos, the Beagle with a Plan, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book.
My mother’s call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
1. The author’s mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.

A．encourage him to do more walking

B．help cure him of his reading problem

C．let him spend a meaningful summer

D．make him learn more about weapons

2. The book caught the author’s eye because_____.

A．it contained pretty pictures of animals

B．he found its title easy to understand

C．he was reminded of his own dog

D．he liked children’s stories very much

3. What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A．The author’s mother rewarded him with books.

B．The author’s mother read the same book.

C．The author has become a successful writer.

D．The author has had happy summers ever since.

4. Which one could be the best title of the passage?

A．My Passion for Reading

B．Mum’s Strict Order

C．Reunion with My Beagle

D．The Charm of a Book

9 . With coronavirus (新冠肺炎)outbreaks at different stages around the world, in many countries lockdowns are being carefully eased off while urging citizens to keep on practicing the social distancing rules. Singapore is trying a new way of carrying it out--a robot dog.

The government has arranged Spot, a yellow and black robotic dog made by Boston Dynamics Company, at one local park. The same robot has been previously seen dancing to hit song “Uptown Funk.”However, 2020 is an extremely difficult year and the company is trying to assist the national coronavirus-control effort. In turn, the job has been handed over to Spot.

The four-legged robot dog patrols(巡查) the park and broadcasts a pre-recorded message to encourage visitors to observe safe distancing measures. As it walks around the park, the dog says in a female voice, "Let's keep Singapore healthy. For your own safety and for those around you, please stand at least one meter apart. Thank you.

Spot is one of the world's most advanced robots and unlike wheeled robots, it is capable of going pretty much anywhere a dog can go and can walk up to three miles per hour over different areas, making it ideal for operation in public parks and gardens. Furthermore, it is remotely controlled and has cameras with 360-degree vision and analytic tools to scan the surroundings and help officials estimate the number of people gathering in the park.

For now, the pilot project is currently set to run in a limited trial for two weeks at one park during off-peak(非高峰)hours. But if all goes well, authorities will consider expanding the program to improve enforcement(强制)of social distance throughout on Singapore

Spot is also being used in other ways during the public health crisis beyond just patrolling a park. The government says it's also using Spot in another capacity- at a local isolation facility where the robot helps bring medicine to patients.

1. What do we know about Spot in the passage?

A．It's a dog-like robot that can speak.

B．It’s a robot that can sing a popular song.

C．It’s a wheeled robot that can walk anywhere.

D．It's a robot newly invented during the pandemic(流行病).

2. How does Spot carry out its duty in the park?

A．It enforces people to follow the rules.	B．It warns visitors against littering anywhere.
C．It works day and night to patrol the park .	D．It politely reminds people to keep apart.

3. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?

A．The robot dog's basic equipment.	B．Some smart features of the robot.
C．The working condition of the robot.	D．The experiment process of the project.

4. What’s the main idea of the passage ?

A．A robot dog is used for social distance.

B．Boston Dynamics is making a new type of robots.

C．The coronavirus is coming into Singapore.

D．Singapore leads the top in fighting the crisis

10 . Good health is the most valuable possession a person can have, but one can not regard good health as certain to happen. It's important to remember that our body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to stay in good shape: one should eat the right foods, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.

Proper nutrition is important for good health, Your body can not function(起作用)well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”. Avoid foods with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein, like meat, fish, beans and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are especially important because they provide necessary vitamins and minerals. However, don't overeat. It's not helpful to be overweight.

Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, You’ll feel tired and irritable(急躁的). You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality. Be sure to allow yourself for seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do so, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.

Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your lifespan(寿命). Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shape: basketball, swimming, bicycling, gymnastics and running are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.

If everybody were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.

1. According to the passage,_________.

A．we should eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly

B．if we were healthy, we could spend our days in doing things with less sleep

C．one can eat a lot to stay in good shape

D．one needn’t take any exercise if he is healthy

2. In order to keep good healthy, ________________.

A．we should eat a lot of sweets	B．one needs a large amount of fat
C．people should eat according to the foods’ nutrition	D．we must try to sleep now and then

3. Eating more and sleeping less_________________.

A．can keep healthy	B．are not good for you
C．get you more energy	D．will keep your personality

4. The title of the article should be _________________.

A．Eating and Exercising	B．How Vitamins Work in Man's Body
C．How to Stay Healthy	D．Sleeping Well