1 . When you hear the beginning of your favorite song from the radio, suddenly your neck is covered in goose bumps.
It's such a thing that a group of scientists call “skin excitement”—a feeling of cold caused not by a drop in temperature or sudden scare, but by the sense of beauty. “Skin excitement” can come from a song, a painting, a moving movie scene, or even a beloved memory-pretty much anything that causes the giving out of pleasure-soaked dopamine in your brain. But it does not come for all of us.
Your favorite music uncovers a lot about your personality，and so does how you respond to that music. Studies suppose that as few as 55 percent of people experience “skin excitement” when listening to music. And if you count yourself among this group, the goose bumps on your skin aren't the only giveaway—scientists can read it in your brain, too. In a new study published in the journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Harvard researchers performed brain scans on 10 students who said they reliably got cold when listening to music, and 10 students who didn't. They found that the cold-prone brains may really be excited by stronger emotions.
Cold-prone brains are generally more likely to show stronger emotional intelligence than no-cold brains. Cold-prone minds tend to have unusual active imagination, reflect more deeply on their emotions, and appreciate nature and the beauty of music and art to a stronger degree than no-cold brains.
So, what type of music causes the chills? It seems that the type is not so important; participants in the new study reported getting cold from songs of every kind. And any song connected with a strong emotional memory of the listener can produce the most reliable results. For me, that's the song Sailing to Philadelphia by Mark Knopfler, which I listened to as a kid in the car with my dad, on the way to the summer camp.
1. What can we learn about “skin excitement” in the text?| A．It helps to produce doparmine. | B．It is caused by the pain in the skin. |
| C．It can be experienced by every music listener. | D．It is the human body's reaction to something nice. |
| A．The percentage of music lovers in students. |
| B．The solutions to the goose bumps on one's skin. |
| C．The differences between cold-prone and no-cold brains. |
| D．The relationship between one's music preference and personality. |
| A．Beautiful and intelligent. | B．Emotional and dishonest. |
| C．Imaginative and sensitive. | D．Brave and strong-minded. |
| A．Responses to Music Vary among People | B．A Feeling of Cold Is Caused by Horrible Music |
| C．Your Favorite Music Reveals Your Personality | D．Favorite Music May Bring Forth Goose Bumps |
2 . For most of us, the world’s southern-most point seems like a pretty place, but for Hannah, Hannalore, Sophie and Julia, it’s home. Each year they spend five months living and working in Port welcoming visiting ships and, best of all, watching over the native colony of penguins（企鹅）.
They live on a tiny island the size of a football pitch, but share it with about 2000 gentoo penguins and their chicks, as well as other birds. Life here is different every day and depends on weather and ice conditions, as well as the visiting ships’ schedules. Port Lockroy is one of the most visited places in Antarctica, with one to three ships visiting a day. Between ship visits we have other duties to attend to. These include maintenance jobs, sending postcards from the post office, checking conditions on the historical items in the museum and monitoring the penguin colonies and other wildlife.
Hannah spends much time stamping people’s postcard, which makes her happy to think of the joy over 70,000 people per year get when they receive a postcard from Antarctica, and the most southerly post office in the world! For Sophie, the most amazing thing about my job is being able to live and work with my feathery friends, the penguins. Sophie says they have to make sure the penguins are not disturbed when they are resting or waddling their way back to their nests. They mark specific routes for visitors to walk on so that they don’t use the penguins’ highways. Part of their job is also to count the penguin colony when after they've laid their eggs, then again when the chicks are born and when the chicks are old enough to venture beyond the nest. The information collected will help scientists know if the breeding season has been a successful one or not.
1. What can we learn from the passage?| A．How to live and work in Antarctica. |
| B．What the real life is like in Antarctica. |
| C．What the four women do in Antarctica. |
| D．How to explore the beauty of Antarctica. |
| A．posting wildlife to people around the world. |
| B．changing the weather to preserve historical items. |
| C．recording the data of the ice conditions in Port Lockroy. |
| D．collecting information about the breeding season of penguins. |
| A．Postcards from Port Lockroy are free of charge. |
| B．Port Lockroy welcomes the most tourists in Antarctica. |
| C．Weather is a factor to consider if people are to visit Port Lockroy. |
| D．When visiting Port Lockroy, tourists can travel wherever as they like. |
| A．Book review. | B．People in the news. |
| C．Economics and business. | D．Sports and events. |
3 . The independence you want, the safety you need!
In emergencies big or small, just press the button on the Lively Mobile Plus to speak to our highly-trained Urgent Response Agents 24/7. The Lively Mobiles Plus has the fastest call response time, the most reliable network coverage and perfect GPS technology. Also, there are no long-term contracts, no canceling fees and no equipment to install. Therefore, it’s one of the most affordable mobile medical warning systems you can.
The Lively Mobile Plus has two-way communication that works like a cell phone outside the home. Using high GPS accuracy, Agents will confirm your location, assess situation and get you the help you need. It has a long-lasting battery and it’s waterproof, so it goes anywhere and everywhere that you do.
With our Fall Detection service, Agents can send help even if you’re unable to press the button. Fall Detection works with Urgent Response and our specially designed lanyard to sense the sudden movement of a fall. If you are unable to press the button, the Lively Mobile Plus will automatically call an Urgent Response Agent.
There are three monthly Health& Safety Packages for you to choose from:
| Functions | Basic$19.99 | Preferred$29.99 | Ultimate$39.99 |
| Urgent Response | √ | √ | √ |
| Urgent Care | √ | √ | |
| Greatcall Link | √ | √ | |
| Fall Detection | √ | ||
First Month Free when bought at: Plus, AARP members can save $60 per year on the Preferred or Ultimate Plan. | |||
| A．an old man living alone | B．a primary school student |
| C．a couple with little kids | D．a teenager studying abroad |
| A．$269.89. | B．$379.89. |
| C．$439.89. | D．$479.88. |
| A．The service can be cancelled for nothing. |
| B．It can be used in the shower or in the rain. |
| C．Urgent response is available around the clock. |
| D．It provides all Detection service with any package. |
★ #ChefsChallenge!
Love cooking? Join famous chefs with this online challenge—cook, have fun and share your best healthy recipes!
When it comes to food, it’s difficult to match East Asia & Pacific in terms of variety and tastiness. From wontons to dumplings, from spicy fish to noodle soups, East Asia & Pacific’s amazing food culture is a central part of life for millions of people and indeed tourists from across the world.
However, changes in diet and lifestyle in recent years have sadly destroyed traditional food cultures, and the health of millions of people. Cheap “fast food” and unhealthy snacks that are high in sugar, salt and fat are now all too common but offer little nutrition.
★A new challenge
Today, there are more than 25 million of malnourished children living in the region, but the picture is changing. While the number of stunted (发育不良) children is slowly falling in many countries, overweight and obesity are growing, and at a much faster rate.
In many countries, three forms of malnutrition—undernutrition, hidden hunger and overweight-co-exist. A family may have an overweight mother and a stunted child. Or a child may be both stunted or too short and overweight. Unhealthy diets are a major cause of all forms of malnutrition.
★Join us!
One way to slow this tide is to reconnect families and young people with food. That’s why chefs from across the region are taking part in the #ChefsChallenge, asking you to show off your cooking skills. Get involved today by sharing your recipes with videos, photos or any other creative ways on social media using #ChefsChallenge and tagging UNICEF East Asia Pacific on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook.
1. What has badly affected the traditional food culture in East Asia & Pacific?| A．Western cooks’ arriving. |
| B．People’s turning to unhealthy food. |
| C．Tourists’ bringing new recipes. |
| D．Overweight children’s growing in number. |
| A．He is in a poor state of health. |
| B．He is shorter than other kids. |
| C．He has an overweight parent. |
| D．He prefers eating at home. |
| A．To introduce excellent Asian cooks online. |
| B．To help ordinary people challenge professional cooks. |
| C．To reconnect people with tasty and nutritious food. |
| D．To encourage family and friends to get together online. |
5 . Tommy, a 26-year-old chimp(猩猩),lives in a small cage in a used truck sales lot in New York. Retired from movie work and whatever else once occupied him, he has no chimp friends to keep him company — just a TV. He is worlds away from the rainforest of Western Africa, where chimps spend most of their lives in trees, hunting, and socializing together.
His owner hasn't broken any laws, but an animal rights group called the Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) is trying to change the view. The group says chimps have such a humanlike intelligence that they should be recognized as “legal persons" and be placed in an animal shelter and wander free.
You've probably heard the term “animal rights”, but animals don't actually have rights in many countries. Animal-welfare laws punish people who mistreat animals, but that's not the same as chimps having a right to liberty or anything else.
NhRP's first step is to ask a judge to end people's unjust arrest on behalf of Tommy and other privately owned chimps. If the court decides to recognize chimps as legal persons, NhRP's next step will be arguing for what rights the chimps should be granted. "The right that we believe they should have most of all is the right to bodily liberty," says Wise, a NhRP group member. "They should be able to choose how to live their lives.”
Tommy's owner, Pat Lavery, says he rescued Tommy from a careless owner about a decade ago and denies the chimp is mistreated or unhappy. "He likes being by himself," he says.
“There's a danger in making a jump to say they're just like people," says Richard Cupp, a professor who writes about animals and the law. "If we' re really focused on chimps being very, very smart, then who knows if maybe someday we might …say, ‘Hey, here's a particular human being that's not very smart at all, maybe the chimps have higher status than this person.’”
1. What can we know about Tommy?| A．He is living a very lonely life. |
| B．He dislikes living in the rainforest. |
| C．He likes watching movies very much, |
| D．He was illegally bought by Pat Lavery. |
| A．Great progress has been made on improving animal rights. |
| B．Pat Lavery is thought to mistreat Tommy by NhRP. |
| C．Animal rights are going from bad to worse. |
| D．Animal rights have been admitted in western countries. |
| A．To ensure chimps' bodily safety. | B．To stop illegal hunting of chimps. |
| C．To help chimps find their families. | D．To help chimps enjoy their freedom. |
| A．Hopeful, | B．Uncaring. |
| C．Worried. | D．Supportive. |
6 . Stand Up Straight and Feel Better with the Perfect Walker
It's a cruel fact of life, as we age, gravity (重力) takes over. We find ourselves walking less and less — and that only makes matters worse.
Well, cheer up! There's finally a product designed to enable us all to walk properly and stay on the go. It's called the Perfect Walker, and it can truly change your life.
Traditional walkers simply aren't designed well. They require you to put pressure on your back, neck, wrists and your hands. Over time, this makes walking uncomfortable and can result in health problems. That's all changed with the Perfect Walker. Its upright design and padded elbow will make you more comfortable.
Its special frame gives you plenty of room to step, and the oversized wheels help you move across the floor. The height can be easily adjusted (调节) with the push of a button. Once you've reached your destination you can use the hand brakes to gently slow down, and there's even a handy seat with a storage space.
Why do you spend another day making walking uncomfortable? Call now, and find out how you can try out a Perfect Walker for yourself in your own home. You'll be glad you buy it.
Telephone number： 1-888-884-1571
Please mention the promotion code (优惠码) 113409.
For more information, visit www. ThePer fect Walker. com.
1. what's the main purpose of the text?| A．To find out who needs the Perfect Walker. |
| B．To show how to choose a good product. |
| C．To tell readers how to buy a walker. |
| D．To advertise the Perfect Walker. |
| A．The old. | B．The climbers. |
| C．The babies. | D．The race walkers. |
| A．By asking for an e-mail. | B．By visiting the website. |
| C．By calling 1-988-884-1571. | D．By showing the promotion code. |
7 . 1. Scenic landscapes on stamps: A nine-day tour in the cities of Xuzhou,Suqian and Huai'an in northern Jiangsu province.
This route is associated with local culture, characteristics, and creativity. It offers a taste of the famous canal cities.
2.Life on the Grand Canal: A seven-day Jiangsu tour through the cities of Nanjing, Suqian, Huai'an,Yangzhou and Suzhou.
This route presents the most authentic, economic, cultural and entertainment-focused activities along the canal from both ancient and modern times.I allows visitors to ride in boats and observe local fishermen fishing.
3.Food,culture,leisure and health;Seven-day experience of local life in Zhenjiang Changzhou,Wuxi and Suzhou
To increase tourists’ interest in the traditional culture and crafts of Jiangsu, the route will include pottery,embroidery(刺绣), paper-cutting, cooking and other hands-on experiences. It includes scenic spots along the Beijing-Hangzhou Gran Canal, ancient water towns, historical streets and ancient fishing villages.Visitors can join in the recreational farmhouse experience and pick up both fruits and vegetables
4．A walk into history: Six-day tour in Xuzhou, Suqian,Huai’an,Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Changzhou and Wuxi
The Beiing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the entire province and has been a part of Jiangsu's culture for thousands of years. Inspired by the canal, the route includes historical cities Xuzhou, Suqian, Huai'an,Yangzhou along with Zheniang Changzhou and Wuxi.
1. Which of the following do the four travel routes share?| A．A time duration of less than a week. |
| B．Ancient towns in southern Jiangsu. |
| C．The Grand Canal. |
| D．The city of Suqian. |
| A．Route 1 | B．Route 2 | C．Route 3 | D．Route 4. |
| A．Rowing a boat. | B．Trying on paper-cutting. |
| C．Growing vegetables. | D．Fishing with local villagers. |
8 . To many people, honey bees symbolize wealth, sustainability and environmentalism. But as a honey bee researcher, I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible. Although they are important for agriculture, honey bees, which are usually imported from outside the local area, also disturb natural ecosystems by competing with native bees.
For several years the media has told us that bee populations are under threat. In response to this media campaign to"save the bees", raising honey bees has become a popular hobby. But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizens—myself once included—to mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, theyare probably doing more harm than good.
“Beekeeping is for people; it's not a conservation practice, "says Shelly Smith, an environmental science professor. People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. That's wrong.”
Smith and her research team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth. Most people’s attention is on saving honey bees when, from a conservationist's point of view, native bees are the ones in more need of support.
“To make matters worse, beekeeping companies and various non-science-based projects have financially benefited from the decline of native bee populations, "Smith explains. "These companies pretend they are interested in saving bees but their actions are actually damaging the native bee populations.”
The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food,putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gatherers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damaging competition—that is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around.
1. Which statement does the writer argue for?| A．Honey bees endanger native bees. |
| B．Honey bees are a symbol of wealth. |
| C．Honey bees are important for agriculture. |
| D．Honey bees can defend natural ecosystems. |
| A．Beekeeping is a still-popular traditional hobby. |
| B．The media is responsible for misleading the public. |
| C．Citizens’ attempts to protect the environment are effective. |
| D．The media campaign has failed to promote honey bee businesses. |
| A．Beekeeping companies' making great profits. |
| B．The quick expansion of bee-friendly habitats. |
| C．The public's ignorance of bee varieties and roles. |
| D．Insufficient attention given to saving honey bees. |
| A．By listing examples. | B．By making comparisons. |
| C．By analyzing survey data. | D．By explaining cause and effect. |
9 . Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok. These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities.
The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about $63,000 in 2018. TikTokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month — $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video.
This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes undeserved admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered conventionally attractive.
While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that hsows us all we need to do to be successful is be conventionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthdays and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers?
Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc., had his own view on this issue.
“It sounds great that kids can make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.”
Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people?
1. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?| A．Social networking. | B．Making money on social media. |
| C．A job offered by TikTok. | D．Staying connected to the Internet. |
| A．They tend to live an adult life too soon. |
| B．They are forced to pay for certain services. |
| C．They may abandon other social media. |
| D．They are likely to develop false values. |
| A．TikTok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. |
| B．Young TikTokers should be banned form making money. |
| C．It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. |
| D．Contents of videos need checking before their release online. |
| A．Say No to TikTok. | B．Join Young TikTokers |
| C．TikTok — A Mine of Money | D．A Job vs An Entertainment |
10 . Artificial Intelligence (AI) advice is as influential as human’s, but positive crowd views still overpower.
In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations—or AI experts—were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to budge them if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.
Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback, studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon（从众效应）effect may be important factors in influencing decisions, according to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communication and first author of the study. “Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other people—like our peers and experts—before making a decision,” said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online business.
The researchers also found that the AI’s group status—in this case, national origin was pointed out—did not seem to affect a person’s acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.
While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the same cultural prejudice might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming and training data.
“It can be both good—and bad—because it all depends on what you feed the AI,” said Sundar. “While it is good to believe in AI’s ability to transcend（超越）cultural prejudice, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.”
1. What do the underlined words “budge them” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Change users’ ideas. | B．Satisfy users’ needs. |
| C．Raise users’ spirits. | D．Fire users’ imagination. |
| A．Because AI experts are more knowledgeable. |
| B．Because AI experts are less influenced by feelings. |
| C．Because AI experts are always available and cost less. |
| D．Because AI experts are so new as to be more attractive. |
| A．An expert who has great achievements in arts. |
| B．An expert from countries with similar cultures. |
| C．An expert with better personality and attitude. |
| D．A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide. |
| A．People should have a mind of their own. |
| B．People should be able to tell good from bad. |
| C．People should be trained how to use AI properly. |
| D．People should know AI’s hidden cultural prejudice. |
