2 . When tragedy strikes, some people fall into deep depression (抑郁) sometimes losing hope and even the will to carry on. They may worry continuously about the disaster and suffer nightmares. Other people, however, react differently. Instead of becoming depressed and unable to cope, they are able to deal with painful experiences and move on.

Boris Cyrulnik is interested in this difference of reaction. To find out why some people are so deeply affected, while others are seemingly able to recover, he has devoted his career to the study of psychological resilience (复原力).

Cyrulnik found resilience is a quality that builds through a natural process. He says that alone, a child has no resilience. We build resilience from developing relationships.

Positive emotions and humour are key factors in resilience. Cyrulnik's research has shown that people who are better able to deal with life's difficulties or traumas (创伤)are able to find meaning in hardship, seeing it as a useful and inspiring experience, and even to find ways to   laugh. Resilient people always remain able to see how things may turn out for the better in the future, even if the present is painful.

It had previously been thought that people who show more resilience are less emotional in general, but Cyrulnik believed that the pain is no less for resilient people than it is for others; it is a matter of how they choose to use it. The pain may continue, even over a whole lifetime, but for these people it raises a challenge that they decide to meet. The challenge is to overcome what has happened, to find strength in the experience instead of letting it defeat them, and to use the strength to move forward. Given the right support, children are especially able to complete recovery from trauma. Cyrulnik has shown that the human brain is easily influenced and will recover if allowed. If a child is well supported and loved after the trauma, his brain is able to return to normal within a year.

Cyrulnik thinks it important not to label (贴标) children who have suffered a trauma, misleading them to a hopeless future. Trauma consists of two things: the injury and the repeated description of that injury. Often the most damaging post-traumatic experience for children is experiencing embarrassing adult descriptions of events. Labels, he says, can be more damaging than the experience.

1. According to Cyrulnik's research, resilient people are________

A．patient and forgiving.	B．sensitive and controlling.
C．optimistic and humorous.	D．considerate and committed.

2. What's Cyrulnik's attitude towards children with traumas?

A．They should be treated differently.	B．They should be labeled as poor little ones.
C．They should be given the right support.	D．They should be helped to accept the reality.

3. What does Cyrulnik's research find?

A．Resilience is a person's ability to grow in the face of terrible problems.

B．Resilience is found in less emotional people in general.

C．Resilience is built either by being alone or communicating with others.

D．Resilience is a person's power to avoid painful experiences.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A biology textbook.	B．A travel guidebook.
C．A psychology book.	D．A sports magazine.

3 . It is in human nature to explore new things. To that end, many countries have been exploring space for many decades, particularly the US, Russia, and countries in Europe.

President Xi Jinping praised the success of the Chang’e 5 mission (使命) in bringing back the country’s first samples (样本) collected from the moon. The whole country is proud of this breakthrough. The Chang’e 5 mission has achieved many significant breakthroughs, including China’s first lunar (月球的) surface sampling, first liftoff from the moon and the first spacecraft with the ability to gather and meet in lunar orbit with samples to re-enter the Earth s atmosphere.

The success of the Chang’e 5 mission marks a conclusion of China’s current lunar exploration project. The successful re-entry and landing of the Chang’e 5 capsule (太空舱) have enabled China to obtain its first lunar samples, marking a new start for lunar and planetary research. With this achievement, China sets a new milestone in space exploration.

No matter how far China goes into space, it always stays true to its original mission-uncovering the secrets of the universe and contributing to human’s peaceful use of space. China is a peace-loving country and will use its achievements for promoting peace around the globe.

China views these efforts as part of the world’s lunar exploration. It chose a different landing site and is promising to share its samples to enrich the planet’s knowledge. Some foreign scientists have shown particular interest. The exploration is not for commercial purposes, but international scientific research. Human beings shall explore the moon together, as it will finally need large projects requiring international cooperation. China will play a leadership role in the international scientific community.

1. What made Chinese people feel proud according to the passage?

A．Landing on the moon successfully.	B．Gaining admission to exploring the moon.
C．Strengthening the ability to promote the peace.	D．Bringing back first samples collected from the moon.

2. Which of the following can best describe the Chang’e 5 mission?

A．Horrible but romantic.	B．Fearful but successful.
C．Challenging but rewarding.	D．Dangerous but peaceful.

3. What is the text mainly about?

A．The original mission remains unchanged.	B．Countries join together to explore the moon.
C．China takes pride in the achievements in space.	D．China sets a new milestone in space exploration.

4. Where is this text most likely from?

A．A poster.

B．A leaflet.

C．A newspaper.

D．A guidebook.

4 . As an old saying in China goes, “The days of the Sanjiu period are the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period”, which is in Minor Cold (小寒), refers to the third nine-day period (the 19th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice (冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.

Eating hotpot

During Minor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauce. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.

Eating huangyacai

In Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.

Eating glutinous rice (糯米饭)

According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.

Eating vegetable rice

In ancient times, people in Nanjing took Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is incredibly delicious. Among the ingredients (原料), aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausages and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.

1. What do we know about Minor Cold?

A．It lasts twenty-seven days.

B．The Sanjiu period is in this period.

C．It refers to the Winter Solstice.

D．It marks the first day of winter.

2. How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?

A．They fry and toast it.

B．They eat it for dinner.

C．They steam it with soy sauce.

D．They mix it with many other things.

3. This text may be taken from the _________ column of a newspaper.

A．travel	B．culture
C．fashion	D．science

5 .

Did you know that the Chinese built the largest canal in the world? Its length of 1,104 miles easily compares with a route linking New York and Florida. Connecting five river systems and four provinces, it ends at Beijing in the North and Hangzhou in the south. For this reason, it is officially called the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

In 486 B.C., the leader of the State of Wu, to transport goods to the northern areas of China, constructed a man-made channel using already existing waterways to link the Yangtze and Huai rivers. It was this channel that laid the foundation for the future longer Grand Canal. More than 1000 years later, Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty had the old canals rebuilt and connected to form what we know today as the Grand Canal.

Then in 1403,Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty transferred his capital from Nanjing to Beijing. In order to feed all those moving North, he had to transport grain from the south along the Grand Canal. To restore the Canal, more than 47,000 men were employed.

The canal soon became the economic lifeline of the empire. Grain was not the only trade goods transported North on the waterways. Salt was another, as well as wine and tea. Goods traded from the North included cotton, wool, coal, flour, precious stones, and dried meat. At times, more than 120,000 soldiers and officers were needed to operate the almost 12,000 ships that annually travelled the Grand Canal.

With the expansion of the railway system in the mid-1800s, the Grand Canal became less and less important to traders. Today, few goods are transported along its waterways. Still, the current South-North Water Transfer Project proves that the Chinese government still sees the Grand Canal important to the welfare of China. The aim of this costly project is to divert huge amounts of water every year from the Yangtze River to the drier regions in the north.

1. What is special about the Grand Canal?

A．It can date back to the Sui Dynasty.

B．It has a history of less than1, 000 years.

C．It runs from New York to Florida.

D．It is the longest canal across the world.

2. What can we learn about the function of the Grand Canal?

A．It was first constructed to convey officers.

B．It was employed for wars by Emperor Yongle.

C．It used to transport goods between south and north.

D．It is now carrying more goods than the railway system.

3. What does the underlined word “divert” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Transfer.

B．Recycle.

C．Conserve.

D．Clarify.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A．A diary.

B．A magazine.

C．A novel.

D．A biography.

6 . When you study abroad in France, you can expect to be treated the same as your native classmates, whether in a lecture or a discussion class.

While you can study abroad in France and focus on nearly any subject, it’s the students with a passion for the arts, architecture and history that rush to the country in the largest numbers. And that’s no shock, considering that France has been the center of the arts for centuries.

As students of the arts, you will have to make careful use of your time, given all that France has to offer.

--Visit the Louvre to view the works of French artists such as Monet, Matisse and Renoir;

--Read the works of such French literary geniuses as Baudelaire, Proust and Voltaire;

--Listen to the music of Debussy, or more contemporary (当代的) artists like Air and Daft Punk.

France is also a main destination for architecture students, as you will see architecture in nearly every style:

--The Gothic Chateau de Chambord, built in the 1500s;

--Place Dauphine built in 1607 in Baroque style;

--The post—modern housing development, Marne—la—Vallee.

History students will find that France has been where the action is for quite some time. Over the course of the centuries, it has been the stage for the most important developments in the history of mankind, including the French Revolution, the rise of Napoleon and the rise of the Fifth Republic under President Charles de Gaulle. It was also the site of the D —Day invasion (诺曼底登陆) of world War II.

As a possible study abroad location, France has a lot to offer, because the combination of educational institutions (教育机构), arts and culture, and national history are second to none.

1. What can we learn about studying abroad in France from the text?

A．Few students choose to study in France.

B．France is the best place for students who love the arts.

C．Students from China are usually treated badly.

D．There are no lectures and discussion classes.

2. What can art students do on weekends?

A．Enjoy Voltaire’s music.	B．Listen to Proust’s music.
C．View Monet’s works in the Louvre.	D．Read Renoir’s literary works.

3. Where is the text most likely taken from?

A．A study abroad website	B．An architecture advertisement.
C．A history book.	D．A fashion magazine.

7 . Our ships boast a sea of vacation possibilities for every guest. Like the chance to learn Italian, salsa dancing (萨尔萨舞), or the recipe (食谱) for a perfect martini (马提尼酒). To conquer the rock climbing wall and ice skate on the equator. Or slow things down with a hot stone massage (按摩) and duty-free designer shopping. See, do and learn more at sea than you ever thought possible.

North Star

The exclusive North Star promises to heighten your worldview. Simply step into the North Star’s closed, jewel-shaped capsule and gently climb over 300 feet above sea level. Take in breathtaking views of the ocean, the ship, and the exciting destinations that we visit.

Royal Caribbean

Royal Caribbean is teaming up with World Wildlife Fund to save our oceans and protect sea life. Join us in making a difference by symbolically adopting a sea turtle or get involved with numerous other activities both on board and ashore, like the Walk for Sea Turtles. Together we can turn the tide.

SeaPlex

SeaPlex is not only the largest indoor active space at sea, but also the most modern and creative. By day, experience a circus school and flying trapeze (高空秋千), as well as a full-size regulation (正规的) basketball court. By night, the first-ever bumper car (碰碰车) and roller skating offerings at sea will deliver thrills, with music provided by a floating DJ booth that hovers above the activity happening below.

Rock Climbing

Rise to the occasion and take on our signature rock climbing wall. From beginners to speed climbers, everyone can enjoy an unparalleled view from 40 feet above deck. Included in your fare, no reservation required.

1. If you are willing to have a good view of the ocean or sea from above, what should you try?

A．North Star.	B．Royal Caribbean.
C．SeaPlex.	D．Rock Climbing.

2. Who are especially interested in SeaPlex?

A．People who are fond of eating delicious food.

B．People who want to have a turtle as a pet.

C．People who want to save some money.

D．People who want to listen to music while playing.

3. Where is this article probably taken from?

A．A letter.	B．An advertisement.
C．A personal diary.	D．A newspaper article.

8 . Being able to tell human faces apart is a skill that almost every person has,although some are far better at it than others.But a new study says that this is not just a skill that humans have. Even fish can do it.

Following up on research studying different species’(物种)abilities to recognize human laces(sheep,dogs,cows,horses,and birds have all been tried),the researchers from the University of Oxford decided to pick an animal that does not have an evolved neocortext,the part of the brain that processes sight and sounds,and doesn’t have a close relationship with humans.That way,there would be no reason why these test subjects(实验对象)would have a past history of identifying human faces.

So they picked the archerfish,a reef fish variety that shoots water into the air to knock its prey(猎物)out of the sky.They used this adaptation to have the fish spray water at a face on a monitor hanging over their tanks for a reward.Most of the fish were able to pick apart their learned face,even when colors were taken away.

This study gives more support to the assumption that distinguishing between faces is not just a skill that big-brained organisms are born with.It is possible that a good percentage of recognizing faces is learned over time.The development of neocortext may contribute only to quickly processing a large number of faces in varying situations.

But more work needs to be conducted to find a deeper link to this possible learned behavior. The sample size of this study was very small-only eight fish were used altogether.Also,the faces displayed were only white,female faces from a German database,shown in a front view, with no expressions.Other animal trials have shown that some species,like pigeons,respond more to different angles and varied expressions.

1. The archerfish were picked as test subjects because they

A．have no evolved neocortext

B．have close relationship with human

C．have a skill of spraying water for a reward

D．have a past history of recognizing human faces

2. What is the finding of the research?

A．Some animals possess the ability to tell human faces apart.

B．Some animals gain the ability to recognize faces by learning.

C．The fish’s ability to tell human faces apart is a natural skill.

D．The fish’s ability to recognize human faces is related to neocortext.

3. What is likely to be done for further research?

A．To show more faces in a front view.

B．To display more white,female faces.

C．To test more fish samples to gather more data.

D．To test pigeons’ response to varied expressions.

4. Where is this text most likely from?

A．A diary.

B．A biography.

C．A mystery.

D．A magazine.

9 . In five minutes Buck had made fourteen hundred dollars for Thornton and his friends. The money made it possible for them to travel east, where they wanted to look for a lost gold mine. Men said that this mine had more gold than any other mine in the north. Many had looked for it, and some had died looking for it. The only men who knew where it was were now dead.

Thornton, Pete and Hans, with Buck and six other dogs, started off to the east in the spring. They travelled up the Stewart River and crossed the Mackenzie Mountains. They did not move quickly；The weather was good, and the men shot animals for food when they needed it. Sometimes they travelled for a week, and sometimes they stopped for a week and searched for gold in the ground. Sometimes they were hungry, and sometimes they had lots of food. They spent all the summer in the mountains, carrying everything they needed on their backs, sometimes making boats to go down rivers or across lakes.

In the autumn they came to a strange, flat country, with many lakes. They travelled on through the winter and met nobody, but once they found an old wooden house, with an old gun in it.

When the spring came, they found, not the lost mine, but a lake in a wide valley. Through the shallow water the gold showed like yellow butter, and here their search ended. There was gold worth thousands of dollars in the lake, and they worked every day, filling bag after bag with gold.

The dogs had nothing to do except watch the men and eat the food which the men shot for them. Buck spent many evenings sitting by the fire.

As he sat, he saw again his dream world, where the strange hairy man sat next to him. He also heard something calling him into the forest. Sometimes, in the middle of the day, he lifted his head and listened, and then ran off into the forest.

One night he woke up and heard the call again, a long howl. He ran into the forest, following the sound, and came to an open place in the trees. And there, his nose pointing to the sky, sat a wolf.

The wolf stopped howling and Buck walked slowly towards him. The wolf ran, and Buck followed. After a time, the wolf stopped and waited, watching Buck, ready to attack. But Buck did not want to fight, and soon the wolf realized this, and the two animals became friendly. Then the wolf started to run again, and he clearly wanted Buck to follow him. They ran for hours through the forest, and Buck remembered again his dream world where he, and others like him, had run through a much older forest.

Then they stopped to drink, and Buck remembered John Thornton. He turned and started to run back. The wolf followed him, then stopped and howled, but Buck ran on and did not turn.

Thornton was eating dinner when Buck returned. Buck jumped all over him, and for two days never left his side. He followed him everywhere, watching him while he ate and while he slept. But after two days the call of the wild came again, and he remembered the forest and the wolf who had run beside him.

He started to sleep out in the forest at night, sometimes staying out for three or four days. Once he was away for a week, fishing and killing animals for food. He ate well, and he grew stronger and quicker and more alive. His golden brown coat shone with health as he ran through the forest, learning its every secret, every smell, and every sound.

“He's the finest dog that I've ever seen,” said Thornton to his friends one day as they watched Buck walking out of camp. “There’11 never be another dog like him,” said Pete.

They saw him walking out of camp but they didn't see the change that happened when he was inside the forest. At once he became a thing of the wild, stepping softly and silently, a passing shadow among the trees.

1. How long did it take them to find gold?

A．About a year.	B．About two years.
C．About six months.	D．About three months.

2. What is the best title of this chapter?

A．The call of the wild.

B．The wolf in the forest.

C．The dog’s dream world

D．The lost gold mine.

3. This excerpt is a part of______?

A．a documentary novel.

B．a biography.

C．a fiction.

D．a news report.

4. In this excerpt(节选)we can clearly see that the author is good at______?

A．describing mental activities.

B．visualizing vivid scenes.

C．doing psychological analysis.

D．expressing personal belief.

5. What can we infer from the last four paragraphs?

A．Thornton and Pete noticed the change in Buck.

B．Thornton and Pete thought Buck was the best dog.

C．Buck became more and more obedient.

D．The wild life made Buck become stronger.

6. Which of the following about Buck is right?

A．Buck's hidden wildness was slowly awakened.

B．Buck liked to fight with the wolf in the forest.

C．Thornton and Pete didn't treat Buck well at all.

D．Buck didn't make any money for Thornton and his friends.

10 . UN Humanitarian Chief Mark Lowcock today released US$15 million from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) to help fund global efforts to contain the COVID-19 virus.

The announcement came as the World Health Organization (WHO) upgraded the global risk of the coronavirus outbreak to “very high” – its top level of risk assessment. The WHO has said there is still a chance of containing the virus if its chain of transmission is broken.

The UN funding has been released to the WHO and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). It will fund essential activities including being aware of the spread of the virus, investigating cases, and putting national laboratories into use.

The WHO has called for US$675 million to fund the fight against coronavirus. There is a window of opportunity to contain the spread of the virus if countries take strong measures to detect cases early, isolate and care for patients, and trace contacts.

Emergency Relief Coordinator and Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, Mark Lowcock said, “We do not yet see evidence that the virus is spreading freely. As long as that’s the case, we still have a chance of containing it, by strengthening surveillance, conducting thorough outbreak investigations to identify contacts and applying appropriate measures to prevent further spread.”

“This announcement from the UN’s Emergency Fund will help countries with fragile health systems improve their detection and response operations. It has the potential to save the lives of millions of vulnerable people.” Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, said,“The potential spread of the virus to countries with weaker health systems is one of our biggest concerns. These funds will help support these countries get ready for detecting and isolating cases, protecting their health workers, and treating patients with dignity and appropriate care. This will help us save lives and push back the virus.”

“At this critical moment, every effort must be made to push back against the outbreak,” said UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore. “These funds will support our global efforts to promote weaker health systems and inform children, pregnant women and families about how to protect themselves.”

1. We can learn from the passage that__________        .

A．WHO referred to the COVID-19 as the medium level of risk assessment

B．The virus is still hard to contain even if timely measures are taken

C．The fund will help people with weak health

D．The fund released by UN is much less than WHO originally demanded

2. According to the passage, the fund can be used in the following aspects except ________.

A．The examination of the people concerned

B．The monitor of the the spread of the virus

C．The operation of the national laboratories

D．The establishment of the mobile hospital

3. What is Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus’ attitude toward the fight against the virus?

A．Optimistic.	B．Skeptical.
C．Cautious.	D．Ambiguous.

4. In which part of newspaper can you most probably read the passage?

A．Travel.	B．Health.
C．Business.	D．Lifestyle.