1 . How do you address（称呼）people in English when you want to talk to them? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.
*When talking to strangers there is often no special forms of address in English. Usually, If you want to catch the attention of ạ strange, it is necessary to use such a phrases as "Excuse me".
*In British English "Sir" and "Madam" are considered to be too formal（正式）for most situations. They are used mostly to customers in shops or restaurants. While in American English "Sir" and "Madam" are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with older people whose names you don't know.
*When you, talk to some people you know, you can use their names. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use "Mr." "Mrs." "Ms.", ect, before their family names.
*There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use. For example, "pal" and "mate" can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.
1. According to the passage, "Excuse me" is mainly used to_______| A．catch the attention of a stranger. | B．apologize to others |
| C．address a person you don't know | D．suggest good manners |
| A．Mr. John | B．Smith | C．John | D．Mr. Smith |
| A．"Sir" and "Madam" are used more often in America than in England. |
| B．While addressing friend, people just use their first names. |
| C．"Pal" and "mate" are usually only use between men. |
| D．People often use "Mr." "Mrs." or "Ms." Before the first names of those people who they don't know very well. |
| A．card | B．textbook | C．storybook | D．grammar book. |
2 . Most of the 500 whales stranded (搁浅)off Tasmania have now died. Dozens more stricken whales have been found in Australia’s largest ever mass stranding. The estimated total now stands at around 500, with the majority of that number dead and a tenth rescued by authorities on the Island state of Tasmania. Experts believe all of the animals would have been part of one large group. Officials began working to rescue survivors among an estimated 270 whales found on Monday on a beach and two sandbars near the remote coastal town of Strahan. Then another 200 whales were spotted from a helicopter on Wednesday less than 10 kilometres (six miles) to the south. All 200 had been confirmed dead by late afternoon. They were among the 380 whales that have died overall, with estimates from earlier today suggesting that 30 that were alive but stranded and 50 had been rescued since Tuesday, Mr Deka, Wildlife Service manager explained. He added, “We’ll continue to work to free as many of the animals as we can. We’ll continue working as long as there are live animals.”
It is not known what caused the animals to run aground. While stranding events are not unheard of, they are very rare in such large numbers. About 30 whales in the original stranding were moved from the sandbars to open ocean on Tuesday, but several got stranded again. About a third of the first group had died by Monday evening.
Australia’s largest mass stranding had previously been 320 pilot whales near the Western Australian town of Dunsborough in 1996. This week’s incident is the first involving more than 500 whales in Tasmania since 2009. Marine Conservation Programme wildlife biologist Kris Carlyon said the latest mass stranding was the biggest in Australia in terms of numbers stranded and died.
Marine scientist Vanessa Pirotta said there were a number of potential reasons why whales might become beached, including navigational errors. She explained, “They do have a very strong social system; these animals are closely bonded and that’s why we have seen so many in this case unfortunately in this situation. Rescuing them does not always work, because they are wanting to return back to the group, they might hear the sounds that the others are making, or they’re just disoriented and, in this case, extremely stressed, and just probably so exhausted that they in some cases don’t know where they are.” she added.
1. Why did Kris Carlyon say this event is the biggest in Australia?| A．Rescue work is not done in time. |
| B．The number of the death is large. |
| C．The cause of the event is still a mystery. |
| D．There was no other similar event in recent years. |
| A．Navigational errors. | B．Overhunting of the human beings. |
| C．Whales’ group living style. | D．Whales’ confusion and exhaustion. |
| A．A newspaper. | B．A magazine. |
| C．A textbook. | D．An encyclopedia. |
3 . Slowly but surely, we’re moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security(安全) to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds. Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the US top out at an average of 10.42 Mbps. But by comparison, 5G promises gigabit(千兆) speeds.
“5G is one of those signs, along with artificial intelligence(人工智能)，of this coming data age,” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. The self-driving vehicle(车辆) is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have a large number of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors(传感器) are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It’s pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane(车道). It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure (基础设施)construction. There is lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speeds.
Augmented reality glasses and virtual headset haven’t yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting(打赌) that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable(显著的) because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist--or perhaps even replace--smartphones.
Ericsson stated at February' s Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components(部件), the glasses could rely on hardware for processing(处理)power.
But don't get too excited. There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction, so 5G isn’t concentrated(集中) only in big cities.
1. What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 1?| A．The lightning- fast speeds of 5G. | B．The expectation of 5G world. |
| C．The difference between 4G and 5G. | D．The internet-connected devices in our life. |
| A．Exhibition. | B．Success. | C．Symbol. | D．Explanation. |
| A．How to fully expand 5G coverage(覆盖范围). | B．Smart glasses will become faster and lighter. |
| C．Why 5G isn't concentrated in big cities. | D．The importance of infrastructure construction. |
| A．A science fiction. | B．A science magazine. |
| C．A business report. | D．A film documentary. |
4 . OAKLAND, Calif. —Facebook said on Thursday that it would allow many employees to work from home permanently.
Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, told workers during a meeting that within a decade as many as half of the company’s more than 48, 000 employees would work from home.
“It’s clear that the coronavirus has changed a lot about our lives, and that certainly includes the way that most of us work,” Mr. Zuckerberg said. “Coming out of this period, I expect that remote work is going to be a growing trend as well.”
Facebook’s decision, the first among tech’s biggest companies, is an obvious change for a business culture built around getting workers into large offices and keeping them there. Using free shuttle buses, free cafeterias and personal services like dry cleaning, tech companies have done as much as possible over the years to give employees little reason to go home, let alone avoid the office. If other large companies follow suit (仿效), tech employment could start to move from expensive centers like Silicon Valley, Seattle and New York.
Tech executives have believed that person-to-person communication was a big part of the creativity that went into making popular products. Mr. Zuckerberg long worried that employees who worked remotely would lose productivity.
In March, the coronavirus lockdown (封锁) forced companies to send employees home. Many tech companies, including Facebook, emptied their offices. Now, more than two months later, executives are discovering that their remote workers performed better than expected.
Mr. Zuckerberg said the change could offer more benefits than inconveniences for the company. Allowing remote work will allow Facebook to attract valuable employees, reduce the climate influence caused by commutes (上下班) and expand the diversity of its work force, he said.
1. According to Zuckerberg, which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．Half of Facebook’s employees have been working from home. |
| B．The coronavirus is one of the factors leading to remote work. |
| C．Employees’ work performance at home is beyond his expectation. |
| D．There are more benefits of remote work than inconveniences caused by the change. |
| A．Facebook’s decision has influenced other companies. |
| B．Tech companies offer different services to attract valuable employees. |
| C．Remote work will lower tech companies’ cost. |
| D．It is believed that person-to-person communication helps lead to creativity. |
| A．A newspaper. |
| B．A guide book. |
| C．An entertainment magazine. |
| D．An advertisement. |
5 . Our first welcome to Britain wasn’t from the staff of Heathrow Airport or the coach driver who took us to our new city and new home for the next three weeks. It was, in fact, the noisy and energetic seagulls full of songs that flew down to us. When leaving from the plane exits, we still could hear their loud and clear songs through the glasses. It was unbelievable that they lifted our spirits and cheered us up after our stupidly long and awful journey.
These seagulls welcomed us into the new home with open wings. If they could speak instead of merely squawking, I’m sure we would have established some bright and harmonious relationship. They liked to hover overhead around with childlike greetings or just simply walk fearlessly close to our feet. Some of us saved bread our host family prepared for these friends and really enjoyed their company.
But my hostess, Julie, doesn’t think so. Strangely enough, she couldn’t give any reasons. The squawk-proof double-glazing that is closed explains. Perhaps she prefers to sleep with her windows open but she always fails to do that, because those birds seem to enjoy staying up till next morning, doing nothing but scream. And they decide to keep doing so every single night. Furthermore, every time she has to wash the marble floor of the gardens, Julie would look up around, curse the seagulls for droppings and say to me with a sad smile, “They are friendly to you.”
But stop thinking that she hates the creatures and never plans to have a change, because there is another side to her evident feelings towards the birds. Every time we go shopping, Julie never forgets to put a big bag of wild birdseed into her carriage which costs quite more than milks or juices for one week. I can see what it goes for since she refills the wild bird feeder before a big hurry to drive to work every morning and when working she knows what is happening back at home — seagulls are enjoying the seed.
I’m leaving soon and not likely, though I hope not, to get back to see my friends here in England in the future. I said I would miss all friends living here including the seagulls. And when Julie was refilling the feeder again, she said, “They’re nice but they are not my friends.”
1. According to the first paragraph, we can know that ___________.| A．people in Britain didn’t welcome the newcomers |
| B．the seagulls were all the more energetic and friendly than the local people |
| C．the author felt surprised to find seagulls shortly after the plane landed |
| D．the author’s spirits sank at the sight of noisy and stupid seagulls |
| A．A window used to keep noise out. | B．Birdseed used to feed the seagulls. |
| C．A net used for capturing birds. | D．A cage used for keeping birds. |
| A．the seagulls were the source of noise every night | B．her garden became dirty due to the seagulls |
| C．the seagulls were friendly to her guests | D．the birdseeds cost her large amounts of money |
| A．a popular science book about birds | B．a travel brochure for London |
| C．a guidebook on how to feed the birds | D．a magazine about travelling |
6 . People have raised more than $40,000 to support a Starbucks employee who was shown in a Facebook post refusing to serve a customer who didn’t have a mask on.
It all started when Facebook user Amber Gilles posted a photo of a Starbucks employee, later identified as Lenin Smith: and said that “he didn’t serve me because I was not wearing a mask. Next time I will wait for the police and bring a medical certificate.”
“We want everyone to feel welcome in our stores. We respectfully request that customers should follow social distancing and safety rules recommended by public health officials, including wearing a facial mask when visiting our stores , ” a Starbucks spokesperson said Shortly after Gilles’ post went up, a GoFundMe was founded for Lenin. “We are raising money for Lenin for his honorable effort standing his ground when faced with trouble; ” Matt Cowan, who started the raising wrote. When the fundraiser hit $10, 000: Lenin sent in a video to the post thanking donors for their support.
“I just wanted to say thank you for all the love and support and what everyone is doing: it’s an honor to see all this happen,” he said while fittingly wearing a mask. “ But I just wanted to remind everyone to be kind to one another and to love each other: and always remember to wear a mask.”
Gilles told NBC, the local media, that she never threatened Lenin: but that she “called him out on his actions.” She said she does not believe masks are effective. What annoyed her was that she has even received death threats for such an incident. She is threatening to charge the GoFundMe creator for his deeds.
1. What did Gilles want to show through her post?| A．The demand of social distance. | B．Starbucks’ special request. |
| C．The need of medical certificates. | D．Lenin’s unfriendly service. |
| A．He gained support from GoFindMe. |
| B．He received death threats from Gilles. |
| C．He didn’t follow safety rules of public health. |
| D．He didn’t receive money for standing his ground. |
| A．Business. | B．Life. | C．Politics. | D．Entertainment |
7 . Maybe you take vitamins supporting brainpower, or store these foods that improve brain health. But new guidelines from the ANN（American Academy of Neurology）suggest there's something better you can do to keep your mind sharp.
A quarter of adults aged 80 to 84 experience mild cognitive（认知的）impairment, according to AAN. To address the widespread problem, a group of neurologists and Alzheimer's（阿尔兹海默氏症的）experts went through existing studies to determine the best way to prevent and treat cognitive impairment, and you might be surprised by what they included and what they didn't.
Surprisingly, the AAN guidelines don`t include any medicine or dietary（饮食的）recommendations. The authors emphasize there haven't been any high-quality, long-term studies finding foods or medicine can help cognitive impairment. The guidelines also say doctors can consider suggesting cognitive training to patients with memory loss but not to rely on it. So far, the report authors say the evidence is too uncertain to say for sure if brain exercises, like memory and attention training or problem solving for everyday issues associated with memory loss, are beneficial. Still, these brain exercises can't do any harm.
But there was one big discovery from the new guidelines. Doing physical exercise just twice a week could improve cognitive impairment. What's more, ANN had older adults attend either biweekly health classes or sessions of aerobics（有氧运动）, strength training, balance exercises, and multitasking training. Six months later, the ones who'd exercised regularly scored better on cognitive health and memory tests.
AAN now recommends doctors tell patients with memory loss to exercise twice a week to keep their minds sharp. This is the best time to exercise if you want to improve your memory. It looks like you've got just one more reason to clear time in your schedule for a workout- even if it's only on the weekends.
1. What does the underlined word "impairment" in paragraph 2 refer to?| A．Decline. | B．Error. |
| C．Development. | D．Increase. |
| A．A quarter of adult Americans suffer from brain damage. |
| B．Neurologists have confirmed the best way to keep mind sharp. |
| C．Public opinions on treatment of cognitive impairment may be overturned. |
| D．An increasing number of scientists are involved in the study of Alzheimer. |
| A．Foods containing vitamins are advised to keep your mind sharp. |
| B．Medicine is of significance in preventing and treating cognitive impairment. |
| C．Working out on a regular basis is recommended to improve your memory. |
| D．Doctors are suggested to depend on cognitive training to treat patients with memory loss. |
| A．Exercise. | B．Health. |
| C．Culture | D．Entertainment. |
8 . People may set an alarm on the phone or clock that sounds like this: beep beep beep. That hard, unpleasant sound may be making it harder to shake off the sleepy feeling in the morning known as grogginess. So, is there a better way to wake up? A recent study says yes. The answer is music .
The study, carried out by researchers in Australia, involved 50 people. The researchers found that people who wake up to musical alarms reported feeling more awake and alert. Stuart McFarlane, a lead writer of the study stated, "We are very surprised by these findings as one might expect a harsh beeping sound to be more successful” at waking up a person.
Sleep inertia is another term for grogginess. It means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up, and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping. McFarlane said people need to better understand sleep inertia's harmful effects on human performance later in the day.
Not everyone will experience the full effect. But for those who do, "care should be taken" when performing duties that require a top performance within this period, he said. This includes "dangerous tasks like driving or riding our bikes" shortly after waking up. The same is true for people who work in dangerous situations shortly after they wake, including firefighters and pilots.
So, what makes musical alarms better for waking up? The researchers think the music may be more successful in reducing sleep inertia because it has several tones, compared to the single tone of a "beeping" alarm. McFarlane said that the changes over time between the music tones may help increase a person's attention when waking from sleep.
And is there a kind of music that is best to wake up to? There may be, McFarlane said. "We could suggest alarm sounds that are tune full and easy to hum or sing along with. The current sounds I have been using include “ 'Close to me' by the Cure and 'Borderline' by Madonna."
No matter how you wake up, experts say, the amount of sleep you get also matters -- a lot.
1. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?| A．What is grogginess? | B．Why are musical alarms better? |
| C．Which music is the best? | D．How can we overcome grogginess? |
| A．examples of good musical alarms |
| B．more findings of the application of music |
| C．explanations about why music is more helpful |
| D．suggestions on how to sleep well and feel fresh each morning |
| A．Health | B．Fiction | C．Technology | D．Entertainment |
9 . (Oct. 13th, 2020, Reuters) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna “for the development of a method for gene editing”.
Charpentier and Doudna have discovered one of gene technology’s sharpest tools: the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors. Using these, researchers can easily change the DNA of animals and plants. This technology has had a great impact on the life sciences. It is contributing to new cancer treatment and may make the dream of curing inherited diseases(遗传病)come true.
Researchers need to modify genes in cells if they want to find out about life’s inner workings. This used to be difficult and sometimes impossible. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors, it is now possible to change the code of life in a few weeks.
The discovery of these genetic scissors was unexpected. During Charpentier’s studies of Streptococcus pyogenes (酿脓链球菌),which cause the most harm to humans,she discovered a previously unknown molecule (分子), tracrRNA. It kills viruses by breaking their DNA.
She started working with Doudna,an experienced biochemist in 2011. They then reprogrammed the genetic scissors. In their natural form, the scissors recognize DNA from viruses, but Charpentier and Doudna prove that they could be controlled so that they can cut any DNA molecule at a given site. Then it is easy to rewrite the code of life.
Since Charpentier and Doudna discovered the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors in 2012, their use has exploded. This tool has contributed to many important discoveries in basic research, and plant researchers have been able to develop crops that can fight pests and drought.Clinical trials(临床试验)of new cancer treatments are under way, and the dream of being able to cure inherited diseases is about to come true. These genetic scissors have taken the life sciences into a new page and, in many ways,are bringing the greatest benefit to humans.
1. In which field is CRISPR/Cas9 mostly used?| A．Life science. |
| B．Tool design. |
| C．Disaster prevention. |
| D．Chemistry industry. |
| A．Dealing with cancer. |
| B．Modifying genes in cells. |
| C．Curing inherited diseases. |
| D．Discovering life’s inner workings. |
| A．It kills harmful viruses. |
| B．It damages human organs. |
| C．It makes DNA copying easier. |
| D．It cuts DNA molecule at a chosen spot. |
| A．science fiction |
| B．personal story |
| C．news report |
| D．book review |
10 . What picture do you have of the future? Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now?What do you hope about the future?
Futurologists (未来学家) predict that life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields of activity, from entertainment to technology. First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. Instead, people will choose a programme from a “menu”and a computer will send the programme directly to the television. By 2050, music, films, programmes, newspapers and books will come to us by computer.
In what concerns the environment, water will have become one of our most serious problems. Demand for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there could be serious shortages. Some futurologists predict that water could be the cause of war if we don't act now.
In transport, cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there won't be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.
In the area of technology, robots will have replaced people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots- they do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere- in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.
Last but not least, medicine technology will have conquered many diseases. Today scientists have discovered how to control genes. They have already produced clones of animals. By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much intelligence they have. Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?
1. What's the purpose of the first paragraph?| A．To attract the interest of the readers. | B．To tell the background of the passage. |
| C．To raise a question. | D．To describe the pictures of the future |
| A．New clean fuels will be used on cars. | B．Cars will run faster. |
| C．Driverless cars will be used. | D．Transport by car will be improved. |
| A．all diseases will not be conquered by scientists |
| B．scientists have known the way to produce genes |
| C．the clones of human are beyond understanding for scientists |
| D．the clones of animals have a long way to go |
| A．Travel. | B．Technology. | C．Education. | D．Life. |
