1 . Due to climate changes, Arctic ice is breaking up earlier in the spring, and its area is decreasing. This is creating problems for polar bears that make their homes off northern Alaska and in Hudson Bay.

Polar bears off Alaska normally hunt and raise their young on ice sheets that float on the ocean. But as the ice has melted, the polar bears have been forced to spend more time on land. There, they have begun to frequent beaches, feeding on the remains of whales caught by native hunters. For polar bears, this food is less nutritious than seals that they normally catch on ice sheets. The shrinking (减少) ice has also forced more polar bears into the ocean. In the past, they only had to swim short distances between ice sheets. But as the ice has shrunk, polar bears have been forced to swim longer and longer distances in the open ocean. This poses a severe danger during rough weather, and an increasing number of drowned polar bears have been observed.

In Hudson Bay, the ice breaks up three weeks earlier in the spring now than it did 20 years ago. Polar bears on Hudson Bay fast (绝食) during the summer, waiting for ice to form in the fall to hunt. Every year, the summer gets longer, and the bears get skinnier. Over the past 25 years, the average weight of the female bears has dropped 68 kg. This loss affects their ability to reproduce, and already the number of births has dropped by 15 percent. Unless the bears can learn to survive these climate changes, these giants of the ice may one day disappear.

1. What is Arctic ice doing earlier each year?

A．It's freezing.	B．It's hardening.
C．It's melting.	D．It's expanding.

2. What is true of polar bears that are spending more time on land in Alaska?

A．Their young are dying.	B．Their diet is changing.
C．Their health is improving.	D．Their families are growing.

3. What does the writer imply about female polar bears in Hudson Bay?

A．They are having fewer young now.	B．They suffer from various sicknesses.
C．They don't need stronger protection.	D．They can't find enough good males.

4. In which publication would you most likely find this passage?

A．Medical News.	B．Society Today.
C．Wildlife Journal	D．Design Magazine.

2 . Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.

Open Table app

Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations (预定), which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.

Max McCalman's Cheese &Wine Pairing app

Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese&. Wine Pairing app is free.

Happy Cow app

Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The Happy Cow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.

Local Eats app

Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The Local Eats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.

Where Chefs Eat app

“Where Chefs Eat” is a 975 page book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $ 15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3, 000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.

1. What do the first two apps have in common?

A．They are both free of charge.	B．Discounts are provided on both.
C．Best wines can be reserved on both.	D．They tell you where to find the best restaurant.

2. Who is Happy Cow app probably designed for?

A．People who love drinking wine.	B．People who don't t eat meat or animal products.
C．People who enjoy meat very much.	D．People who often eat in restaurant.

3. Where can we most likely see the text?

A．On a tourism guide.	B．In a students' textbook.
C．In a cellphone application introduction.	D．On a scientific discovery TV program.