1 . Supposing you are living in a moving house. Inside the house, there is a small kitchen, bathroom and bedroom. Everything you need is close at hand.
In the US, you can really see these moving houses on the road. They are called recreational vehicles (RV). People call them houses on wheels. When it's holiday time, the whole family often gets into this lovely house and hits the road for a trip across the country.
Compared to a real house, this home on the road is small for a family who has to spend every hour of every day together. But the best thing about it is that it changes your journey into a free exploration.
You can drive as long as you like without worrying about finding hotels. Or you can just stop somewhere nice and stay for a few weeks. You may also come across other families who are on road trips. Together, you take out your tents and snacks. It's camping time with a lot of chat and laughter.
Of course, RVs are not always convenient(便利).They can sometimes break down and you have to spend time mending them. But this type of road trip still wins people's hearts because they can go whenever and wherever they want.
1. ________RVs, everything you need is close at hand.| A．Inside | B．Outside | C．Behind | D．Beside |
| A．cars | B．wheels | C．houses | D．buses |
| A．They don't have any wheels |
| B．They are always convenient. |
| C．They are bigger than real houses |
| D．They may break down sometimes. |
| A．赛车 | B．房车 | C．跑车 | D．货车 |
| A．A Road Trip | B．A Wonderful House |
| C．Moving Homes to Travel | D．Holiday Life in the US |
2 . People have many different ways to relax during break time at work or school. Smartphones are probably the number one choice for a quick mental vacation. Although it might seem like a good time, the result is opposite, according to a recent psychological study from Rutgers University.
For the study, more than 400 students were asked to finish a set of 20 words puzzles. Halfway through the task, the students were divided into three groups. One group was allowed to take a break and use cellphones to buy things online. The second group was asked to have a rest and buy things using a computer. The last group didn’t take any break at all.
Surprisingly, the group that used their cellphones during the break went back to work feeling the most tired and least motivated to continue. They also had the hardest time solving the remaining word puzzles.
Terri Kurtzberg, co-author of the study, explained that they assumed looking at cellphones during a break would be no different from any other break — but instead, the phone may cause increasing levels of distraction that make it difficult to return focused attention to work tasks.
“Cellphones may have this effect because even just seeing your phone activates thoughts of checking messages, connecting with people, and more, in ways that are different from how we use other screens like computers, and laptops,” Kurtzberg said.
This is echoed by a recent study from the US University of Chicago. It found that even if cellphones are turned off or turned face down their mere presence has a bad effect on a person’s cognitive (认知的) function.
1. What can we learn from the study?| A．The students were divided into groups at the beginning. |
| B．The last group had the hardest time solving the word puzzles. |
| C．Computers and laptops cause more distraction. |
| D．Cellphones may make people less focused on work. |
| A．Identified. | B．Confirmed. | C．Defined. | D．Ensured. |
| A．Try putting your smartphone away during your next break. |
| B．Using computers to shop online rather than cellphones. |
| C．Stop checking messages and connecting with people by cellphone. |
| D．Turning off your cellphone during work time. |
| A．Ways to relax for students. |
| B．The result from a word-puzzle game. |
| C．A study on using smart-phones to relax. |
| D．Effects brought by the smart-phone. |
3 . If you were born in the 2000s, you are called the oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, connected, global, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation?
Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much and they wonder how you will deal with school, friends, and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies to become successful in real life?
Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoilt ( 溺 爱 ) and don’t want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-school activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today’s youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s.
Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They seem to be willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school.
So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s reason to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you will do GR8 (great) and LOL (laugh out loud).
1. What is the function of Paragraph 1?| A．To show a public concern. | B．To start a debate. |
| C．To explain a scientific term. | D．To introduce the topic. |
| A．Oh-ohs’ poor eyesight. | B．Oh-ohs’ tight schedules. |
| C．Oh-ohs’ lack of independence. | D．Oh-ohs’ strong creativity. |
| A．Early warning. | B．Warm welcome. |
| C．Effective medicine. | D．Sincere encouragement. |
| A．The author is one of the oh-ohs. | B．Oh-ohs are likely to have a bright future. |
| C．Oh-ohs will spend less time on phones. | D．Oh-ohs will meet more challenges than adults. |
4 . The staff of the Kennedy School Newsletter has been working hard on another survey. This time we asked students what kinds of toppings they liked on their pizza. We did our survey during lunchtime, so students wouldn’t get too hungry answering our question. And this time we were able to ask more than 450 students to take our survey. That’s almost all the students at our school!
For our survey, we let students pick their three favorite toppings. Some students only choose one or two toppings. That was OK, too.
Here's what we discovered from our survey. The two most popular things to put on pizza are pepperoni(意大利辣肠) and extra cheese. That isn't so surprising. When we order pizza here in the Newsletter office, those are the kinds of pizza we always get!
An unexpected result of this survey is that lots of people like fruit on their pizza. 288 students said they liked to put pineapple on their pizza. If you haven't tried pineapple on your pizza, you should. Lots of people think it's delicious!
We hope you enjoyed taking this survey. We enjoyed your answers. And next time you invite your friends over for pizza, be sure to order an extra large pizza with pepperoni and extra cheese.
That’s the one people like the most.
| Pepperoni 306 | Sausage 166 |
| Extra cheese 306 | Mushrooms 90 |
| Pineapple 288 | Bacon 82 |
| Olives 177 | Onions 57 |
| Green peppers 138 | Others 86 |
| Extra sauce 130 |
| A．The staff of a city’s newspaper. |
| B．The staff of a meat company. |
| C．The staff of a pizza restaurant. |
| D．The staff of a school newsletter. |
| A．How often do you eat pizza? |
| B．How many pieces of pizza can you eat? |
| C．What do you like on your pizza? |
| D．Which restaurant makes the best pizza? |
| A．All of them like pepperoni very much. | B．They did a different survey before. |
| C．Only two people worked on the survey. | D．This was the first survey they made. |
| A．Surprising. | B．Sad. | C．Funny. | D．Terrible. |
5 . If there is one person who has left a deep impression on me，it’s my teacher，Mrs Pathak，who was my class teacher for three years. In my childhood，how I wished I had a mother or a sister like her. One moment she could be tough (严厉的) and strict，another moment caring and compassionate (富有同情心的)．
She always encouraged us to tell the truth. For instance，if one had not done the homework，he need not lie. She allowed us to make mistakes，saying we couldn’t be perfect all the time，but we should try.
Another thing she taught me early on was punctuality. She set a good example with her own behavior. She was always on time，so we students tried our best to be on time.
She surprised us with her sense of humour. Her classroom teaching was always humorous. After class，she talked to us and told us jokes.
We really felt free to ask questions and Mrs Pathak would give the answers. If she did not know—there had been some occasions (场合)—she would say so. We all then tried to find out the answers. Whoever came up with the answer was appreciated and given the due credit (应有的称赞)．Now I sometimes wonder whether Mrs Pathak was pretending just to encourage us to explore and find answers by ourselves.
1. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT suitable for describing Mrs Pathak?| A．Tough. | B．Humorous. | C．Compassionate. | D．Careful. |
| A．being on time | B．being honest | C．being patient | D．being clean |
| A．Because she didn’t like answering the questions. |
| B．Because she didn’t know the answers to the questions. |
| C．Because she wanted the students to find them out by themselves. |
| D．Because she thought the students knew the answers already. |
6 . Whale researchers believe they have found a new way to measure the amount of stress felt by whales when they experience serious threats, such as being hit by a ship, and they say the technique could help protect the huge sea creatures from dying off.
American Rosalind Rolland is the lead scientist on the project. She and her team are with the New England Aquarium in Boston, Massachusetts. They measured stress hormones (荷尔蒙 ) by studying baleen, a substance found in the upper part of the mouth of some kinds of whale. She explains that the baleen serves as a record that shows a spike in stress hormones when whales face dangers such as a changing climate and ship strikes. Scientists can then read these records, similar to reading the rings on a tree.
Understanding the information is important because whales who often feel stressed are less likely to be reproductive and more likely to become sick. That combination is not good for the whale population, which is already dangerously low.
The scientists did their work on a whale that had become trapped in fishing equipment, which some scientists estimate kills up to 300, 000 whales and dolphins annually. It was finally killed by Inuit hunters who found it trying to drag the fishing equipment. The hunters said the whale seemed to lack energy. When scientists examined the dead whale, they found its mouth showed an increase in stress hormones 20 times greater than normal.
Regina Asmutis-Silvia is a biologist with the Whale and Dolphin Conservation in Massachusetts. She didn’t participate in the research, but she says it is important. “We clearly understand that stress is bad for humans. We also need to understand that stress is bad for other animals, too,” she adds.
1. What does the text mainly tell us?| A．The dangers the whale often faces. |
| B．The measures to stop sea life being hit. |
| C．A discovery to measure stress on whales. |
| D．A way to protect the mouth of the whale. |
| A．Rise. | B．Change. | C．Crash. | D．Slide. |
| A．Calm and fierce. | B．Unhealthy and unable to reproduce. |
| C．Uneasy and energetic. | D．Sizeable and likely to lose appetite. |
| A．To move on to another topic. |
| B．To stress the importance of the finding. |
| C．To tell the necessity of studying other animals. |
| D．To show the similarity between humans and animals. |
7 . How do young people learn best? This is something I think about a lot when teaching foreign languages to young people. I often find that traditional teaching methods are neither always effective nor interesting for young bruins to learn a foreign language.
After moving to southern Italy I was lucky to have had the chance to run a private course teaching English to under 7-year-olds. I was aware that children liked to sing and enjoyed games so I wanted to use these tools to help my students develop English conversation skills. I found some fun and easy songs online, which they loved. I also found the English versions of some nursery rhymes they recognized. All of them were very interesting and helpful but students could still not have a basic conversation in English.
I knew I wanted these guys to he fully immersed in the language I was teaching and I also wonted them to speak it. I was keen to give 90% of my lessons in English but I knew it’d be difficult to get them to speak in a foreign language they have little or zero exposure to outside our lessons, so I had to come up with a simple yet effective plan.
One day I decided to prepare a simple dialogue in English, so that I could get them to sing and chant (有节奏地反复地唱) it, rather than simply getting students to repeat the phrases. I discovered that chanting some conversational sentences was the way to get students to speak in English — it worked!
So when teaching English to young people now, I encourage them to make up their own songs and chants to help them remember expressions or complex sentences.
1. What is the passage mainly talking about?| A．How to make young learners like a foreign language. |
| B．How to teach foreign languages to young people. |
| C．How to run a private course in southern Italy. |
| D．How to help the younger children with studies. |
| A．Amused | B．Buried |
| C．Retaled | D．Informed |
| A．He found it impossible to teach children with little English. |
| B．He tried to be a patient and responsible teacher. |
| C．He realized he was unable to finish the task of teaching. |
| D．He actually kind of discouraged and disappointed. |
| A．Mistakes are an important part of education. |
| B．A teacher can never tell where his influence stops. |
| C．A teacher should understand his students’ needs. |
| D．Confidence is the first step on the way to success. |
8 . Did you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before?
“There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986,” said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global (全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74 °C , the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4°C in only 50 years.
China needs to take quick action to cut carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) emission (排放), because it’s the main reason for global warming. The good news is that China has seen the importance of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20 and pollution emission by 10 in the 11th Five-Year Plan.
Can you slow global warming? Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the air.
Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth.
Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother's, sister's or dad’s old T-shirt means you save the energy.
Change your light bulbs (灯泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!
Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year.
Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets.
Open a window. Don’t use the air conditioner (空调), and let some fresh air in. When you have to use the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energy.
Make small changes in your daily life. Don’t use paper cups, bags and boxes.
It's time for all of us to do something to save the earth.
1. The main reason for global warming is ____.| A．the oil | B．carbon dioxide | C．paper cups, bags and boxes | D．televisions and computers |
| A．活力 | B．干劲 | C．精力 | D．能源 |
| A．It’s a pity to wear your dad's old T-shirts. |
| B．Using air conditioners may be a waste of energy. |
| C．Taking a bus wastes a lot of oil every year. |
| D．Using paper bags saves energy a lot. |
But instincts and training aren’t the only keys to animals’ behavior. Scientists say animals’ thoughts and feelings also influence their actions. Animals often make choices, plans, and sensible changes. They can help others and solve problems. Some even make and use tools!
If animals could talk, what would they say about their thoughts and feelings? A gorilla (大猩猩) born in captivity (关在笼子里) has helped answer that question. Koko, a gorilla, was taught to use sign language. She has learned hundreds of words!
Koko once had a pet cat she named All Ball. “Koko love Ball,” she signed. “Soft good cat.” One time, she blamed the cat for biting her by signing “You bad dirty toilet!” When her pet died, Koko cried. “Sad for sleeping cat,” she signed.
Koko calls herself “fine animal gorilla”. She uses sign language to argue, joke, and ask and answer questions.
“Most animals can’t use words to tell us their thoughts,” says Dr. Jonathan Balcombe. “But Koko shows us that animals have their own ideas and feelings.” Dr. Balcombe is a scientist at the Humane Society of the United States. He says there’s even more to discover about animals through field studies. In field studies, people watch animals in their natural environment.
“Scientists who study animals’ natural behaviors learn how animals live and think,” Balcombe says. “That knowledge can help others respect every animal who shares the planet with us.”
1. The underlined word “instincts” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to the ability that ________.
| A．animals copy their parents | B．animals learn by practicing |
| C．animals are born with | D．animals learn through training |
| A．an animal likes to have its own pet | B．an animal can learn to speak through training |
| C．an animal has the natural ability to speak | D．an animal can speak its mind |
| A．help people care for animals | B．teach animals to use words |
| C．train animals to use tools | D．train animals to be cleverer |
| A．Raising animals as pets | B．Understanding animals |
| C．Training animals to speak | D．Protecting animals from danger |
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Americans spend their free time in various ways．
America is a country of sports — of hunting, fishing and swimming, and of team sports like baseball and football．Millions of Americans watch their favorite sports on television．They also like to play in community orchestras （管弦乐队）, make their own films or recordings, go camping, visit museums，attend lectures, travel, garden, read, and join in hundreds of other activities．The people also enjoy building things for their homes, sewing their own clothes, even making their own photographs．They do these things for fun as well as for economy．
But as much as Americans enjoy their free time, the country is at the same time a “self-improvement” country．More than 25 million adults continue their education, chiefly by going to school in the evening, during their own free time, at their own expense．Added to the time spent on personal activities, Americans a1so devote a great amount of their time to the varied needs of their communities．Many hospitals, schools, libraries, museums, parks, community centers, and organizations that assist the poor depend on the many hours citizens devote to these activities, often without any pay．Why do they do it?
There are several answers．The idea of cooperating and sharing responsibility with one another for the benefit of all is as old as the country itself．
When the country was first founded in 1776, it was necessary for the settlers to work together to live．They had crossed dangerous seas and risked all they had in their struggle for political and religious freedom．There remains among many Americans a distrust of central government．People still prefer to do things themselves within their communities, rather than give the government more control．
Sometimes people offer their time because they wish to accomplish something for which no money is paid, to do something that will be of benefit to the entire community．It is true that some people use their leisure because they are truly interested in the work; or they are learning from the experience．
No matter what the reason is, hundreds of thousands of so-called leisure hours are put into hard, unpaid work on one or another community need．
1. This passage is mainly about ________．
| A．why America is a country of sports |
| B．how Americans spend their free time |
| C．why America is a “self-improvement” country |
| D．how Americans are devoted to their community activities |
| A．the early history of America |
| B．the American people’s determination to live |
| C．the reason for Americans’ willingness to cooperate and share responsibility |
| D．the American people’ s love for freedom |
| A．work time | B．energy | C．effort | D．spare time |
| A．The first settlers left their hometown for political and religious reasons． |
| B．Many Americans don’t trust the central government． |
| C．American people enjoy building things for their homes just for fun． |
| D．Americans continue their education at their own expense． |
