1 . Lesson 3 Meet the New Boss: You
Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents’ footsteps by working in the family business or joining the same profession as them. You’d follow your father to sea, onto the farm or into the workshop. You’d follow your mother into the kitchen or sewing room. In your grandparents’ time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement. How times have changed! Most people now have no intention of following in their parents’ footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.
In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn’t practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do? Work hard? Win the lottery? Hope for the best? You might be lucky. These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you’re still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”.
If you think you can work eight hours a day and build a career, think again. You might be able to keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do, but this is hardly a recipe for great career success. Instead, you’d better keep looking for smarter ways to do your work. You’ll need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, and you can become an expert a specialist in something one day. You have a chance to choose to build a career, rather than being told to stay or to go.
Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace these days. If you think you can’t be replaced by software, or your job can’t be outsourced to some robots on the moon, you are wrong. What if your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field? You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field. In fact, in all likelihood, you will have to do this multiple times. But you can be prepared for developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career. It is entirely your choice to learn, or to be forced to learn.
In short, if you want to succeed in a 21st century career, you will have to develop new essential skills. Lifetime security from one employer is no longer certain or even likely. The truth is that you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it. Are you ready for this?
1. 根据文章内容，完成下表：| Jobs in the past: | |||
| Jobs in the future | Wrong assumptions | Reasons | You should |
| working in the same field or industry for a long time | |||
| How to succeed in a 21st century career: | |||
2. 根据语篇内容，填空：
Up until the 1980s, people regularly
Now, most people have no intention of doing so. In fact, planning to work in the same
When you become
In short, if you want to succeed in a future career, you’ll have to develop
2 . Career planning is important. Get started today. Connect your personal interests and academic aspirations to plan a wonderful career at University of New Brunswick (UNB).
69% of Maritime high school students say preparing for a career is the most important reason for choosing a university. 81% of first-year UNB students say “getting a good job” is their primary reason for attending university. 63% of graduating UNB students indicate full-time employment is their immediate plan after graduation.
Career Connections will help you figure out who you are — your strengths and interests — as you find which field of study and careers are right for you. Career Connections also helps connect you to the experts, workshops and information you need.
To guide you through your academic and career exploration, Career Connections includes information for future, current, and graduating students. In this site, you will find:
Program Blueprints for each of our programs, career resources including workshops and expert advice, information about experiential learning opportunities, career myths, news trends and career-related research.
On-campus Career Support
We have the experts to help you in your academic and career development.
Career Development & Employment Centre
Consult with your career and employment advisors, depending on your needs; complete workshops for the Career Development Certificate; learn about the Work-study Program; go to career fairs and much more.
Career Counselling
Students are supported by two career counsellors who will help you explore academic and career options through the Career Planning Process. They will help you develop a plan for gaining the skills and knowledge needed to pursue your passions.
Academic Advising
Academic advising is an important aspect of career exploration. It is through your academic advisor(s) that you will explore program options, discussing how these fit your career goals, and how to map your academic future in developing the knowledge and skills needed to be an employment-ready, life-long learner.
Experiential Education
There are many experiential (体验的) learning opportunities at UNB. Several programs include work placements as part of your degree requirements. Additional experiential opportunities include the Work-study Program and The Summer Institute as well as finding and securing employment during your studies or the summer.
1. What’s the immediate plan for nearly two-thirds of the graduating UNB students after graduation?| A．Continuing their education. | B．Preparing for a career. |
| C．Getting a good part-time job. | D．Seeking a full-time working position. |
| A．you get information for past, present and future |
| B．you can get access to the resources for examinations |
| C．you can choose your major and career reasonably |
| D．you can work part-time on campus |
| A．Career Counselling | B．Academic Advising |
| C．On-campus Career Support | D．Career Development & Employment Centre |
| A．get chances for experiential learning | B．study on articles during summer vacation |
| C．obtain high professional grades and degrees | D．work out the value of programs and institutes |
| A．In a brochure. | B．On a website. | C．In a magazine. | D．In a news report. |
3 . A comment from Zadie Smith caught my attention this week. Asked whether she had ever considered recording an album, the novelist responded, “I have a dream of having a Café Carlyle residency in New York in my 80s.” Here she is at the height of her success dreaming of a career Plan B just like the rest of us!
Weird Plan Bs fascinate me because for years I had one of my own. Despite being perfectly happy in my chosen profession, I had long harboured the fantasy of becoming a photographer and I took a lockdown leap and applied to art school to acquire some actual skills.
Has it brought me fame and riches? Not as yet. Like many people who dream of having a go at something different, I was focusing on creative fulfilment rather than my future finances. By the time I graduated in 2022, my dream of running a portrait photography business was looking a lot less practicable—in part thanks to AI head-shot generators.
If only I had had a little more Fobo, also known as the fear of becoming out-of-date. This workplace trend is an updated version of Fomo—the fear of missing out, which now feels like a poignant (辛酸的) throwback to more optimistic times. 22% of workers are worried that technology will put them out of a job. And who can blame them?
There is another reason that nurturing an alterative career might be risky. Research indicates that having a back-up plan can work against you. Having a Plan B as a safety net can cause people to make less effort at their day job and — unhelpfully — run a greater risk of losing it.
So, do I regret pursuing my Plan B? Not at all — hopefully I’ve got a few years before robot photographers take over the world, and I currently spend a day a week on photography. My only sorrow is something unexpected. For so many years. I had the fantasy of trying something new. My “someday” ambition sustained me through dull and boring days. But now I’m actually spending some of my week doing it, which has caused empty space in my life. It made me realize that having an alternative career to dream about is in itself sustaining and comforting. You might never do it, and that might not even matter. So, if you’ll excuse me, I need to go and start working on my Plan C...
1. Why did Zadie Smith want to have a Cafe Carlyle residency?| A．She was not satisfied with her writing career. |
| B．She was eager to take up a second career. |
| C．She was depressed by recording an album. |
| D．She was unable to reach the height of success. |
| A．She was a skilled photographer who graduated from an art school. |
| B．She gave up her chosen occupation because of lockdown. |
| C．She gained a sense of creative satisfaction instead of income. |
| D．She ran a photography business with the assistance of AI. |
| A．To explain why workers are eager to do plan |
| B．To introduce one of the disadvantages to do plan B. |
| C．To advocate the society’s acceptance of plan B. |
| D．To display the future of trend of the workforce. |
| A．She will be replaced by robot photographer in the future. |
| B．She can’t spare time to do photography professionally. |
| C．She hates the dull and boring days in doing photography. |
| D．She lost something new to excite some enthusiasm for life. |
4 . Google made waves recently by introducing its new program, “Google Career Certificates,” a collection of courses designed to help people get qualifications in high-paying, high-growth job fields without attending university. The courses should take about six months to complete and will cost a fraction (小部分) of a traditional college education.
Many people, especially students, were happy to see an alternative (可能的选择) to what many consider a broken education system—one that leaves many burdened with student debt for years while leaving them unprepared for the real world.
The truth is, traditional higher education may be necessary for some careers, but for others it is neither necessary nor practical. Google’s alternative not only costs a fraction of a traditional college education, but it can also be completed in far less time and can better prepare graduates for the real world.
Of course, what Google is offering isn’t exactly new. In some ways, the new program is similar to other types of training that have existed for years, like vocational education. The difference is, since Google is a household name, its certificate can be easily recognized and accepted across companies and industries — much like a degree from a major university.
Not everyone was in praise of Google’s alternative. Some people expressed concern that not enough employers would value Google’s certificate program. One even argued that graduates would likely not get a job and would then feel the need to go to college after all. Another criticism people leveled was that there are certain lessons taught in higher education that you merely can’t get in other places. “Students need more than a checklist of skills in order to compete in the real world,” those people said. “They need critical thinking abilities.”
I don’t think Google’s program will completely replace college education. But I do think it’s a step in the right direction — a separate path for students who are looking for something different from traditional higher education.
1. What is the purpose of Google’s certificate program?| A．To prepare people for future jobs. |
| B．To allow people to get work experience. |
| C．To teach people how to get a high-paying job. |
| D．To offer people the chance to go to university. |
| A．Its courses are mostly easy. |
| B．It ensures people a promising career. |
| C．Its training is new and of high quality. |
| D．It costs less than traditional higher education. |
| A．It isn’t practical. |
| B．It doesn’t offer valuable skills. |
| C．It isn’t acceptable to the public. |
| D．It doesn’t develop critical thinking abilities. |
| A．It should move in the right direction. |
| B．It will take the place of college education. |
| C．It can serve as an alternative for some people. |
| D．It needs to make changes to meet students’ needs. |
5 . We have often heard that “work smart and not hard”．Does only smart work bring you success? And if so, then why are so many of us still busy putting our blood and sweat into working hard? Here, we’ll discuss hard work and smart work.
Hard work is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective (不考虑的) of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment (投入) and sincerity from the person. Although being boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.
One of the preconditions of smart work is having indepth knowledge or experience of the work in hand, because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned time. Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. Besides, it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one.
Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise (专门技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.
You will attain great heights and lead a better and comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together. If you are not smart, your hard work will never pay. A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart work, you really need to work hard. Through hard work, we gain experience which helps us discover new things that may make us work smartly. The effort is important，but where to make that effort makes a difference.
1. What can we learn about hard workers from Paragraph 2?| A．They lack proper work skills. |
| B．They always have great patience. |
| C．They tend to ignore the goal of work. |
| D．They can obtain excellent results from their work if they work with heart and soul. |
| A．By making a sensible plan. |
| B．By making use of innovative ways. |
| C．By learning experience from others. |
| D．By getting inspiration from a new task. |
| A．It is inspiring. | B．It is ineffective. |
| C．It is challenging. | D．It is fundamental. |
| A．It is useless to work hard. |
| B．It is necessary to work smartly. |
| C．The efforts you make matter most. |
| D．The horse is cleverer than the donkey. |
6 . “When I grow up, I want to be...”
Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations(志向，抱负) may have changed from when you were in primary school.
However, it seems career options aren’t only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by Teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow. This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the UK in May 2011 by a job website, in which medicine was the top choice among UK teenagers aged between 13 and 17.
Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige (威望) may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are much-respected members of society, and they make good money. What’s more, these professions are often seen as a sign of upper social class.
It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common career choices. Youngsters worldwide think of banking to see the money rolling in. Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators(标志) of a successful career. .
However, not every child has the makings of a doctor, a lawyer, or a banker. They are those who see achievements and happiness in other areas. As the Teens’ survey discovered, a variety of unconventional jobs--a coffee shop owner, a gourmet(美食家), a waiter at a fast food restaurant--are among teenagers’ career choices. They can be equally interesting and rewarding jobs.
With every choice come responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, so you have to learn to balance optimism(乐观主义)and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.
1. What is the passage mainly about?| A．The fact that the teenagers in the UK like doctors. |
| B．The importance of choosing a good job. |
| C．Careers in teenagers’ mind. |
| D．The fact that the choice of career needs challenge. |
| A．Medicine | B．Law | C．Bank | D．Education |
| A．respect from others | B．high pay |
| C．status of upper social class | D．the oldest profession |
| A．Careers such as gourmets and waiters are not as rewarding as doctors and lawyers. |
| B．Specific education and training can help get a good job. |
| C．Responsibility is the most important when you choose a good job. |
| D．Optimism and confidence is more important than being realistic when choosing careers. |
7 . Quiet Quitting
While not a new concept, the term “quiet quitting” has recently gained popularity on social media.
What is quiet quitting?
Quiet quitting doesn’t mean an employee has left their job, but rather has limited their tasks to avoid working longer hours.
Quiet quitting may be a popular term, but this practice isn’t new. Workers have quietly quit their jobs for years to look for something new, whether it was because of poor pay, unmanageable workload, burnout or lack of growth opportunities.
Working from home has also changed the dynamics of the workplace because employees and managers are communicating in different ways through online meetings. These interactions may feel more formal than the chat sessions that happen in an office. Limited meetings can cause a disconnect between employees and management.
How can businesses help employees?
The biggest way to prevent disengagement is to improve the employees’ experience. Talk to employees, gather their feedback and discuss what can be done to make them feel appreciated. Make sure workloads are realistic and that there are appropriate boundaries to maintain a work-life balance.
Further, managers should clearly outline paths of career progression to each employee.
| A．Why are employees quietly quitting? |
| B．Why is quiet quitting beneficial to mental health? |
| C．They set clear boundaries to improve work-life balance. |
| D．Employees are more likely to be engaged when they have specific targets. |
| E．However, quiet quitting could be a sign that an employee is not happy in their position. |
| F．Regular support and praise that make employees feel valued and connected can get lost. |
| G．Managers must learn how to have conversations to help employees reduce disengagement and burnout. |
8 . It is a common question to ask yourself: What do you want to be when you grow up?
In the past it has generally been accepted that a person will follow one career path, but an emerging group of people have changed this idea. By pursuing jobs across several walks, this group has come to be known as “slashers (斜杠青年)”.
There are many reasons why this has become popular, particularly among those under the age of 30. In modern competitive society, having multiple income streams (多种收入来源) is one of the best ways to create financial security.
Zhao Sichen is one follower of the slasher movement. The 34-year-old is an English teacher at Tsinghua University High School. Outside the classroom, Zhao also works as project manager in charge of education programs at the Internet tech company NetEase.
In addition to providing a sense of job security, becoming a slasher reduces boredom and prevents becoming burned out on (不再热衷) focusing on a single path.
According to the Guardian, “Entrepreneurs (创业者) are a typical example of a group that expects to spread their careers across multiple areas.” Erin Albert is a typical slasher in the UK. Apart from having written books, Albert is an assistant professor, an entrepreneur and a law student. Albert often asks his students to think about, “why they can’t both take an immediate job offer they are not sure about as well as work toward their ‘dream’ job”.
Technology has also promoted this choice. Online tools and platforms have allowed people to pursue different interests and career paths as they have promoted the ability to work remotely. Never has it been easier for those who have interests in a variety of careers to pursue them at the same time. It seems that right now the sky is the limit for those who are considering what they want to do in the future.
1. What do we know about slashers?| A．They are mostly 30 years old. | B．They follow one career path. |
| C．They change jobs frequently. | D．They tend to work several jobs. |
| A．It gives people more free time to relax. |
| B．It helps people gain financial security. |
| C．It gets people to pursue their dream. |
| D．It makes people feel less bored in a single job. |
| A．Technology allows people to work remotely. |
| B．Doing more than one job might be encouraged. |
| C．Most people will work several jobs at the same time. |
| D．It has become more common for people to pursue multiple jobs. |
| A．Pursuing Your Dreams. | B．Slashers in China. |
| C．Slashing through Jobs. | D．Choosing Multiple Jobs. |
9 . You will be leaving this school soon and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “
Choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won’t seem unpleasant.
Of course you will want to consider your chosen profession’s earning power. Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a Job with a big salary will likely require more effort and a higher level of stress.
| A．What occupation do you want to choose? |
| B．Prepare yoursef for a career with creating power. |
| C．Does the career you consider have staying power? |
| D．It’s also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. |
| E．Only the truly motivated are likely to meet these challenges. |
| F．Thinking about a life-long career at this stage is surely challenging. |
| G．Choosing the right career won’t stress you with enough preparations. |
Going to college can seem daunting (使人畏惧的), and no small part of that is the prospect of having to choose a major, which will set the course for the rest of your career life. Here are some steps that might help make your decision easier:
Step 1: Consider your interests and passions.Do you want a career where you’ll be able to express yourself, or work with numbers?
If you’re pursuing a career in professional fields like medicine or law, you may require more than a four-year degree to get the job that you want.
If you think you have a career in mind, do some investigating in person or online. Try connecting with people in the field and ask them what challenges they faced in getting their degrees and finding jobs afterwards.
Remember, you don’t have to make this decision right away. Taking basic-level courses when you first get to college helps decide your level of interest in pursuing a degree program. Plus, you could always decide to be an Interdisciplinary (跨学科的) studies major!
| A．Give yourself enough time to decide. |
| B．Think about what you like to do in high school. |
| C．What if your major conflicts with your parents’ expectations? |
| D．Are you passionate about justice, or do you want to have a career focused on helping people? |
| E．If you can’t connect in person, try to find role models online and read about their histories. |
| F．This degree program gives you the freedom and flexibility to take a wide variety of classes. |
| G．On the other hand, there are some careers where a master’s degree won’t necessarily be helpful. |
