1 . Better grades might be found on the playground. A new study of elementary-age children shows that those who were not part of an after-school exercise program tended to pack on a particular type of body fat that can have deleterious impacts on brain health and thinking. But prevention and treatment could be as simple as playing more games of tag (捉迷藏，捉人游戏).

Most children do not meet the federal health guidelines for exercise, which call for at least an hour of it a day for anyone under the age of 18. Physical inactivity can result in weight gain especially around the midsection-including visceral (内脏的) fat, a type of tissue deep inside the abdomen (腹部) that is known to increase inflammation (炎症) throughout the body. It is also linked to heightened risks for diabetes and cardiovascular complications (并发症) even in children, and may contribute to declining brain function. Obese adults often perform worse than people of normal weight on tests of thinking skills.

But little has been known about visceral fat and brain health in children. For a soon-to-be-published study, researchers from Northeastern University in Boston and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaion tracked hundreds of 8-to-10-year-old children in a nine-month after-school exercise program in Urbana. Every day, one group of children played tag and other active games for about 70 minutes. The subjects in a control group continued with their normal lives, with the promise that they could join the program the following year. All the children completed tests of fitness, body composition and cognitive skills at the start and end of the program. The researchers did not ask the children to change their diets.

After the trial the exercising children who were obese at the study’s onset had less visceral fat relative to their starting weight, even if they remained overweight. They also showed significant improvements in their scores on a computerized test that measures how well children pay attention, process information and avoid being impulsive. Notably a similar effect was observed in children whose weight was normal at the start. Across the board the more visceral fat a child shed during the nine months of play, the better he or she performed on the test.

The children in the control group, in contrast had generally added to their visceral fat; this was particularly true among those who were already obese. They gained on average, four times as much visceral fat as the normal-weight children in the control group, and also did not perform as well on the subsequent test. Lauren Raine, a postdoctoral researcher at Northeastern University who conducted the study with Charles Hillman and others, says that the trial was designed to study aerobic fitness and children’s ability to think not the relation of abdominal flab to inflammation. But a reduction in overall inflammation very likely plays a role because it is thought to be unhealthy for the brain. More broadly, Raine says the study suggests that getting children to run around won’t just enhance their bodies-it might also improve their report cards.

1. What does the word “deleterious” in Paragraph One probably mean?

A．inevitable

B．vigilant

C．harmful

D．beneficial

2. It can be inferred from the research conducted by researchers from Northeastern University in Boston and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign that ________.

A．games may help reduce visceral fat in children and thus improve their brain power

B．obesity contributes to declining brain function in children

C．children have fewer weight-related health and medical problems than adults

D．obese children have trouble staying focused and paying attention

3. According to Lauren Raine, the main focus of the study is ________.

A．to find the relationships between physical activity and health in children

B．to discover the relationships between obesity and health problems in children

C．to understand and assess the risks of obesity in young children in school

D．to understand how games affect children in terms of academic performances

4. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Visceral Fat And Sugar-Heavy Diet Harms Your Brain

B．Losing Fat, Gaining Brain Power, on the Playground

C．This Is What Weight Loss Does To Your Brain

D．Why children Shouldn’t Sit Still Under the Age of Eighteen

2 . Tips to Exercise When It’s Really Hot Outside

Exercising in the fresh air might seem like a good idea.     1     When we exercise outdoors in hot weather, there’s an increased risk of serious heart-related illnesses. Therefore, we need to bear some tips in mind during our workouts in the summer sunshine.

    2     Go in the morning or evening. The middle of the day isn’t a good time to exercise in the warmer months. If we choose to exercise in the midday sun or the afternoon sun, we’ll get tired soon and dehydrate (脱水) much faster in direct, intense sunlight.     3     Just try to exercise on the shady (背阴的) side of the building to avoid the midday sun.

Drink promptly (及时地). Regardless of how fit we are, exercising outside will pose a significant danger to our body when it’s hot. Drinking water is probably the most basic part of exercising in the sun.     4     Drink water every 15 minutes when exercising in the heat, even if we are not thirsty. Aim for 2 to 4 cups (16 to 32 ounces) of fluids each hour.

Dress appropriately. Wear material that will help our body breathe. Consider wearing light colored clothing.     5     Besides, sunscreen is a must whenever we exercise outdoors. In addition, don’t forget to bring a hat because it provides shade so our head can stay cool.

A．Choose the right time to exercise.

B．Drink as much water as possible.

C．So be sure to take enough water with us.

D．That’s not to say we can’t exercise in the midday.

E．Light colors absorb less heat than darker colors.

F．Overall, the key to exercising is to listen to our body.

G．It’s dangerous, however, to exercise outside in hot weather.

3 . 假如你是李江，请你根据下表的主要内容，用英语写一份演讲稿，谈谈自己对健康的理解，在明天早晨的班会微讲堂中演讲。

谈谈你的理解	1. 健康指强壮的身体，有较强的活动能力和劳动能力
	2. 健康也指心理健康，良好的社会适应力，以及有道德
给同学们的建议	1. 利用学校每天的“阳光体育一小时”，积极参加锻炼
	2. ……(请考生结合自身想法，再写一到两点)

注意：
1. 对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2. 词数100左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
Ladies and gentlemen,

It’s my great honor to have been given the chance to share with you my opinion on health.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That’s all. Thank you!

4 . Most people think that regular (有规律的) exercise does health wonders for people, but what exactly are its health benefits (益处)?

To start with, research suggests regular exercise can help make people’s body strong. It helps cut down on the number of different diseases people face each year. Regular exercise throughout the year helps the working quality of people’s heart become better and lower blood pressure. During exercise, people’s heart must work harder so that it can make blood go throughout the body. This extra effort makes it grow stronger over the long term. At the same time, as little as 30 minutes per day can help to lower blood pressure. It helps move away things that are all linked to having high blood pressure.

Exercise has a good effect on people’s mind and spirit too. If you are suffering from stress and sadness, regular gentle exercise is one way to improve your full sense of happiness. The way that exercise improves people’s mental state is by moving away the bad effect of stress that swims into their bodies, helping them find deep calm.

Some studies even show that exercise keeps people’s skin fit. Exercise helps keep skin cells alive and healthy by increasing blood flow. Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to working cells throughout the body, including the skin. In addition to providing oxygen, blood flow also helps carry away waste products. You can think of it just like cleaning your skin from the inside.

However, we should know that when suffering from an illness, try not to finish all your plan for exercise. The body needs time to recover. Strong exercise can be harmful to the immune system (免疫系统) when it is already under pressure. Instead, take a gentle walk when falling ill to help recovery.

So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it properly. What are you waiting for?

1. Why does the writer raise a question in paragraph 1?

A．To describe the writer.	B．To introduce the topic.
C．To develop a new idea.	D．To show the writer’s doubt.

2. What’s the benefit of regular exercise in paragraph 2?

A．It builds a strong body.	B．It causes the spread of diseases.
C．It influences the mind and body.	D．It plays a role in skin cleaning.

3. How does exercise improve people’s mental state according to the text?

A．By moving away waste in blood.	B．By helping them find deep calm.
C．By making them get close to stress.	D．By cleaning the skin from the inside.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．The Benefits of Regular Exercise	B．A Study on Living Happily
C．The Method of Being Strong	D．Tips on Doing Regular Exercise

5 . Do you want to feel better, have more energy and even add years to you life? Just exercise:     1    Here are some ways daily exercise can lead to a happier and healthier you.

Exercise makes you energetic. Regular exercise can improve your muscle strength. Exercise delivers oxygen and nutrients to your body and helps your cardiovascular(心血管的) system work more eficiently.    2    .

Exercise can help control your weight. When you take part in physical activity, you burn calories. Regular trips to the gym are great, but don’t worry if you can’t find a large amount of time to exercise every day.    3    

Exercise can be fun and social. It gives you a chance to relax and enjoy the outdoors.    4     So take a dance class, go for a swim or join a soccer teann. Find physical activity you enjoy in a fun and social setting, and just do it.

    5     A gym tour or a walk can help. Physical activity stimulates(刺激) various brain chemicals that may leave you feeling happier, more relaxed and less anxious. You may also feel better about yourself when you exercise regularly, which can improve your confidence.

A．You will benefit a lot from regular exercise.

B．Need an emotional lift after a stressful day.

C．Any amount of exercise is better than none at all.

D．Regular exercise helps prevent many health problems.

E．It is advised to take different kinds of exercise to keep fit.

F．Exercise can also help you connect with friends and neighbors.

G．When your heart and lung health improves, you have more energy every day.

6 . Enjoying your workouts can be a complete game changer when it comes to keeping a consistent exercise schedule and avoiding burnout.     1    

Making exercise more fun

The Heart Matters magazine gives a few recommendations on how to make exercise more fun, such as asking others to join you and exercising for a specific cause, like a marathon for raising funds for an organization.     2    . But why?

Research shows that enjoying your exercise can be important for its long-term effectiveness. When you are positively engaged in something you choose to do and want to do as opposed to something you have to do, it changes your mindset. A positive mindset during exercising is absolutely essential.

    3    . You are more likely to stick to it if you enjoy it. Most people would rather make a habit of something that brings them pleasure as opposed to something boring. So, what do you find enjoyable? What is fun for you?

There are so many types of exercise

There are so many types of exercise that people can do.     4    . Running is an excellent form of exercise, as is walking. Dance classes can be super fun as well, and so can sports. Playing sports is a form of exercise that shouldn’t be forgotten.

Thinking outside the box is a must, since gyms and workouts that require lots of equipment aren’t always available or possible, and depending on these to exercise can possibly leave you without a workout at times. Team sports like basketball, tennis or football with friends are great for your fitness.     5    , or choosing other types of exercise like rope jumping, surfing, rock climbing or belly dancing. Those are all excellent forms of exercise, and your mind and body will thank you for years to come.

A．Exercise benefits you a lot more than before

B．In short, making it fun should be a top priority

C．You’d better form the habit of doing exercise daily

D．Thus, exercise doesn’t have to mean going to the gym

E．Another benefit of enjoying your exercise is insisting

F．Don’t think twice before enjoying these sports as a workout

G．Discover how enjoying exercise can make you healthier and happier

7 . An open-air swimming pool in Bedfordshire, England, proved very popular this winter. The Woburn Lido is usually open from May to September, but this year it stayed open to swimmers throughout the autumn and winter months too.

Until the lockdown(封锁) for England was announced on 4 January, outdoor pools were allowed to remain open. “Demand has taken us by surprise.” said Murray Heining, a volunteer at the Woburn Lido. Over Christmas and New Year, in order to keep up with the demand from swimmers, the lido(露天游泳) had to offer extra slots for people to dive in.

Cold-water swimming has grown in popularity in the UK over the past few years. A survey found that 7.5 million people in England had swum in outdoor pools, as well as lakes, rivers and the sea, in 2018. In some areas, such as the river Wharfe in Yorkshire, this new trend has prompted environmental groups to ensure that the water is cleared of pollution and clean enough for bathers.

Some people make it a regular practice; others just enjoy a thrilling dip on Christmas Day, Boxing Day or New Year’s Day. Every year around the UK, people are photographed jumping into icy water, often in fancy dress, and the recent festive period was no exception, despite freezing temperatures.

The Outdoor Swimming Society classifies temperatures below 6℃ as “Baltic” and from 6-11℃ as “freezing”. They advise people to get in the water gradually, so as not to shock the body. Likewise, they recommend warming up gradually, and not rushing the process by leaping into a hot bath when you get out. Instead, they suggest layering up and drinking something warm.

It wasn’t just the water that was cold—many people experienced a white Christmas; snow fell in several counties including Yorkshire and Suffolk. Paul Davies, the UK Met Office’s chief meteorologist (a scientist who studies the weather), said the forecast indicates “the likelihood of the cold conditions experienced recently continuing through January”.

1. Which of the following can replace the word “slots” in Paragraph 2?

A．Volunteers.

B．Solutions.

C．Opportunities.

D．Positions.

2. What can we learn about cold-water swimming in the UK?

A．It is beneficial to environmental protection.

B．It has won people’s affections in recent years.

C．People only go cold-water swimming in festive period.

D．People go cold-water swimming to show off their fancy dresses.

3. What does the Outdoor Swimming Society advise people to do?

A．Shock the body gradually.	B．Have some warm drinks when they get out.
C．Take a hot bath immediately.	D．Avoid swimming in freezing temperatures.

4. What is the best title of this passage?

A．Swimmers Enjoy Chilly Dips	B．Freezing Weather Hits Britain
C．The Woburn Lido Wins Popularity	D．The UK Recovers from the Lockdown

8 . How much physical activity do you do in a week? Are you getting enough exercise? Adults who do exercise for just 150 minutes a week can reduce their risk of serious illness by 50%. Regular exercise reduces the risk of early death by 30%.     1     Today, we are much less active than in the past. In fact many adults spend seven hours or more on a chair each day.   

    2     It means that we need to do something extra to burn more calories and use up all our energy. Adults need to do two and a half hours of moderate exercise per week. In addition, you should do exercise to strengthen muscles twice a week.

    3     Team sports such as football, rugby or cricket can be cheap because all the players share the cost of the pitch. Joining a sports club is usually a cheap way of getting exercise and can be very sociable, too.   

Alternatively, if you don't want to spend any money at all, go for a run. The only equipment needed for this is a pair of trainers     4     Go to the park. Try getting a group of friends or family together and have a game of football there.

Although adults should do two and a half hours of exercise a week, you don't have to do it all at one time.     5     If you do ten minutes before work ten minutes during your lunch break and ten minutes after work, five days a week, you've achieved the target! There are many ways of getting fit and we should all recognize the value of doing this, because we will live longer and be more healthy.

A．Divide the time into ten-minute periods!

B．You can do a range of activities to keep fit.

C．Exercise can be expensive, but it doesn't have to be.

D．This lack of regular physical activity is a big concern.

E．It also improves your mood, self-esteem and sleep quality.

F．Besides, booking a court at off- peak times saves money too

G．Similarly, getting off the bus one stop early and walking the extra distance helps.

9 . Perhaps your doctor has recommended you exercise more, or you’ve been out of shape recently.     1    . But how do you find the motivation, time and resources to get fit, particularly if you haven’t exercised for a while?

For some people, hearing bad news from the doctor is often enough motivation to get started.     2    .

However, finding the time and effort to fit exercise into your daily routine is challenging.     3    . And many people such as office workers, vehicle or machine operators have low activity levels at work and don’t feel like exercising after a long day.

One way to overcome these barriers (障碍) might be to attend a group exercise session or join a sports club.     4    , you can encourage a friend to join you or join an exercise group to make it enjoyable. Having a friend to exercise with or teammates to support you gives a sense of commitment so that you have to be there and will be challenged if you fail to show up.

You don’t need to go to a gym with a lot of fancy equipment.     5    . And rather than improving muscle strength with weights at the gym, you can fill milk bottles with water instead.

A．If you find exercise boring

B．When you perform aerobic exercise

C．Maybe you’ve decided that it’s time to lose some weight

D．That’s why it’s important to continue and repeat exercise sessions

E．We know being “time poof” is a common reason for not exercising

F．Many exercises, including push-ups and sit-ups, don’t need special equipment

G．So it’s a good idea to get a health check before starting if you haven’t exercised for years

10 . Tai chi is a gentle Kongfu art that started in China. It uses slow and safe movements to create and balance inner energy (called Chi).     1    . It’s believed to have received more and more attention since the 19^th century.

Tai chi is suitable for all ages and levels of fitness. It puts very little harmful stress on muscles(肌肉) and joints(关节), making it generally safe. It’s an exercise that can be easily done for less able people.     2    .

A 2019 review of studies suggested that tai chi might reduce the risk of falls in older people.     3    . Sideways and backwards movements can help to strengthen muscles required for good stability(稳定). It also improves people’s sense of space.

Tai chi is good for people’s body. Research shows that practising tai chi is usually good for knee health.     4    . So people will sit or stand a little comfortably. What’s more, although Tai chi is so slow and smooth, it can improve both upper body strength and lower-body strength when practised day by day.

    5    . Research has shown that the brain has the ability to change through your life, growing new cells(细胞), making new connections, and even increasing in size. Tai chi does good things in these changes. Besides, Tai chi reduces people’s stress and worry, and increases confidence.

A．It can also reduce back pain.

B．It requires focus of mind and body.

C．Even those in wheelchairs can try it.

D．Certainly, the main point is on balance.

E．There are many reasons for you to practice tai chi.

F．Tai chi can improve people’s mind in older people.

G．You will find a tai chi class that matches your fitness level.