1 . Animals can move from place to place，but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack，it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away，and they lack teeth and claws.    1    

Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away.For example，the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines(刺) that discourage grass-eating animals.Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches.     2    

Some plants，such as the oak tree，have thick and hard leaves that make it difficult for the animals to eat.Some grasses may contain a sandy material.     3    

Many plants also have chemical defenses.    4     Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a worm bites a tobacco leaf，the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the worm.

    5     A certain plant in China，for example，has physically spiny leaves，and each spine contains chemically poisonous venom(毒液)．A single experience with this kind of plants will teach an animal to stay away in the future.

A．Animals are good at protecting themselves.

B．Eating such grasses wears down animals’ teeth.

C．Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses.

D．Plants have more ways to defend against the enemies than animals.

E．This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.

F．Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.

G．But plants can defend themselves by using both the physical and chemical means.

2 . 试以“Can Money Buy Happiness?”(金钱能买来幸福吗？)为题写一篇议论文，必须包括以下内容：
(1)有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）；
(2)也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）；
(3)你的看法。
注意：(1) 词数80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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3 . Born in Tennessee in 2001, Moziah Bridges has a gift for fashion. When he was very _______ he traded bow ties (蝴蝶领结) for candies in the school playground. However, Moziah’s _______ fashion sense led him to home in on (集中精力于) his gift for _________, and he started his own company at the age of 9. What he _________ most were bow ties. But the ___________ was that he felt that none of his bow ties attracted young people. Thus, the _________ step for Moziah was to _______ ties that are suitable for the young. He _________ his grandmother to teach him how to sew (缝纫) and worked _________ to improve. As a result, Mo’s Bows was given to the world. The colorful, handmade ties quickly achieved __________ on major networks. Moziah said that designing a colorful bow tie was just part of his __________ of making the world a fun and happier place.

Now, the Mo’s Bows website starts to sell other products, such as pocket squares and T-shirts.

Moziah is also best known for having __________ on the NBC reality TV series “Shark Tank” at the age of 11, increasing the __________ and popularity of his products and he has earned over $ 165,000 from his business.

Recently, Moziah sold his Go Mo bow tie and __________ $1,600 to give to Glenview Summer Camp, which was enough to __________ the camp costs for 10 kids. Moziah’s next plan is to help more people in need.

1.

A．young

B．poor

C．thirsty

D．busy

2.

A．doubtful

B．terrible

C．strange

D．strong

3.

A．staying up

B．dressing up

C．cleaning up

D．cheering up

4.

A．loved

B．needed

C．wanted

D．feared

5.

A．reason

B．worry

C．problem

D．plan

6.

A．same

B．next

C．wrong

D．previous

7.

A．predict

B．collect

C．accept

D．create

8.

A．allowed

B．asked

C．ordered

D．hated

9.

A．tirelessly

B．carelessly

C．helplessly

D．hopelessly

10.

A．independence

B．balance

C．popularity

D．protection

11.

A．story

B．research

C．dream

D．training

12.

A．appeared

B．served

C．grown

D．checked

13.

A．flow

B．quality

C．costs

D．sales

14.

A．borrowed

B．raised

C．lost

D．demanded

15.

A．reduce

B．change

C．cover

D．increase

4 . Children should spend at least one hour playing and spending time in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts （野生生物基金会）.     1     It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life.

    2    Its 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age. They were interviewed before and after nature activities. The activities were run by the Wildlife Trusts over the course of several weeks, such as learning about plants and trees.

The children showed a great increase in personal health.     3    90 percent said they learned something new about the natural world； 79 percent felt the experience would help their schoolwork；    4    Perhaps most importantly, 79 percent mentioned they would believe more in themselves.

    5    And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years. A 2017 report found that less than 10 percent British kids enjoys themselves in nature, compared to 40 percent of adults when they were younger years ago. To improve the situation, the organization is calling on the government to free up a daily hour for nature time for kids.

A．Parents care much about their kids' nature time. ”

B．However, parents on their own aren't giving kids that time.

C．81 percent said they had better relationships with their teachers.

D．The calling comes from a study by University College London.

E．The students are asked to study in University College London for one day.

F．The UK organization speaks for 46 groups and 2,300 nature protection areas.

G．And they also showed a sense of connection with the natural world and high levels of enjoyment.

5 . How to Make Friends

Having friends may well keep you healthier and help you deal with difficulties better. It is not very hard to make friends. Continue reading to find out how to make friends.

    1    There are many ways to do this-talking about the weather ("At least it's not raining like last week!"), asking for help or saying words of praise ("I love your shoes.")

Introduce yourself at the end of the conversation. It can be as simple as saying "Oh, by the way, my name is..."     2    .Remember his or her name!

Join a sports team. As long as you enjoy the sport, you don't have to be really good at playing a sport in order to make friends with others.    3    .If you play the guitar or sing, try joining a band.

Be a good listener.    4    .Ask questions about their interests, and just take the time to learn more about them.

Encourage your friend. A very good friend encourages their friend.    5    . Never make fun or laugh at your friend in front of others. If someone is making fun of them, a good friend will come to save their friend.

A．Start a conversation.

B．Find out common interests.

C．And sports team isn't the only way.

D．The key to being a good friend is the ability to keep secrets.

E．They will remain with them in both good as well as bad times.

F．Once you introduce yourself, the other person will do the same.

G．Listen carefully to what people say, and remember important information about them.

6 . Many families take their children on vacation. They will usually travel for a few days or weeks during school breaks. But Julie and Tim Smith planned a longer vacation with their two children. The Smith family is on a one-year trip around the world. They plan to visit 30 countries in all. Right now, the four travelers are about halfway through their trip. Ms. Smith says they are trying to see as much of the world as they can.

Mr. Smith says one of the most interesting experiences of the trip has been meeting new people. He says people have been extremely friendly, very welcoming and love their kids. Eleven-year-old Tyler says he has enjoyed learning about the people they have met. He said, "I learned in Africa that people have very different lifestyles than in America." His sister, 9-year-old Kara, discovered that she liked Thai food. Ms. Smith says that the trip teaches the children a lot.

It took the family a year to prepare for the trip. They had to sell their house and cars. Ms. Smith left her job and her husband is using unpaid leave. They carry small bags filled with lightweight clothing and whatever else they need. Ms. Smith says she enjoys being able to carry everything she needs on her back. She says she does not miss the things she has back home. "What has become more important is making these memories as a family and taking those with us instead."

The Smiths will continue to head east for the next six months.

1. In what way is the Smith family's trip different from many others' according to paragraph 1?

A．They take their children on vacation.

B．They travel around the world for a year with children.

C．They travel during school breaks.

D．They travel for a few weeks with children.

2. What does Tyler find interesting during the trip?

A．Living in Africa.	B．Lifestyles in America
C．Having Thai food.	D．Learning about the people they have met.

3. Which of the following is NOT true about the Smith' preparation for the trip?

A．They left their jobs.

B．It took the Smith family a year.

C．They sold their house and cars.

D．They put lightweight clothing in small bags.

4. What does the underlined word "those" in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The small bags they carry.	B．The memories of the family.
C．The things on her back.	D．The things back home.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Once there lived a rich man    1    wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted     2    (find) out whether they deserved his help.

In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed     3    very large stone. Then he    4     (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.

“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.     5     man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove    6    . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone,     7    (say) to himself: “The night    8    (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”

Then he began to move the stone. He pushed     9     pilled with all his strength to move it. How great was his surprise at last!     10     the stone, he found a bag of money.

8 . What will the future school look like is difficult to make clear, but most experts agree that the school will be electronic in the future .

" Present-day schools will no longer exist in the next century," says a report in The Age. "At that time, future schools will become community-style centers, which run seven days a week,24 hours a day. ” At the same time, computers will surely become a central part of the school in the future.

According to The Age, the distant learning will be popular and students will listen to teachers on computers. Going into classrooms on their computers, students will study at any time, which is very easy for them. However, it is necessary for students to go to the actual school in order to develop some social skills.

The Seashore Primary School is an imaginary school in the future created by the Education Department of Australia. At this school, all the teachers and students have laptop computers . Teachers check messages and call students back on a special telephone system and students use telephones to search for information or speak to their experts who teach their lessons. Besides, all the lessons are related to all sorts of subjects and all the students have their own learning plans created by teachers .

As one headmaster says, a laptop computer is students⁵ library, data storage （数据存储）as well as the bridge to a wider world. Technology has changed the emphasis of future learning. Thus, well pay more attention to the learning of kids rather than the teaching.

1. According to the report in The Age, students in future schools will _______.

A．have no teachers	B．study at a set time
C．mainly study online	D．never go to actual school

2. The example of the Seashore Primary School is given to show _______.

A．telephones are important in Australia

B．how future schools will work

C．every student needs a learning plan

D．students enjoy getting in touch with teachers

3. Which of the following is the best title of the text?

A．The Schools in the Future

B．Great Changes in Technology

C．The Seashore Primary School

D．Actual Schools to Be Replaced

9 . Are you thinking about traveling alone? You must have a million questions: Where should you go? Will there be someone to talk to?     1     And is it all right to travel alone?

In fact, traveling alone is not as scary (吓人的) as it seems. Here are some good tips.

Choose a place where you feel comfortable and safe

Truth be told, traveling alone for the first time is more about the experience than the destination.     2     It could be somewhere close to home or somewhere you’ve already been with friends.

Make a plan

Always make a plan. That way you’ll avoid worrying too much over where you’re staying, what to see and how you’re getting from A to B.

Book hotels ahead of time

    3     Besides, when you book your hotel, ask if they will send a driver to pick you up.

Talk to people

If you’re going to a touristy place like Thailand, there are lots of other people who are traveling alone.     4     They might also ask you to join them for dinner or a beer. That happens a lot.

Let someone know where you are

Your family and friends love you and probably worry about you every day, so text them and let them know what you are up to throughout your trip.     5     And in case something does happen, they’ll know where you are.

A．How do you stay safe?

B．Don’t draw attention to yourself.

C．That will make you and them feel safer.

D．The first thing you need to do is believe in yourself.

E．So make sure to choose a place that you feel comfortable with.

F．Most likely, they’ll be easy to talk to and they’ll want to communicate.

G．This can make you less nervous when you’re traveling alone for the first time.

10 . When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he_________his car to call 911. Then he_________a U-turn, circling back to take another look.

Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines_________, Grant rushed to a side_________and ran up the stairs.

On the second floor, he_________every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one_________and he assumed that people had already_________. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant_________a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a_________woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's__________!" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and__________the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was__________outside, the only__________in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the__________and they rushed into the smoky building.

Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their__________.

1.

A．drove

B．stopped

C．reached

D．abandoned

2.

A．saw

B．made

C．missed

D．crossed

3.

A．burning

B．leaving

C．approaching

D．waiting

4.

A．entrance

B．road

C．building

D．window

5.

A．locked

B．kicked

C．counted

D．repaired

6.

A．agreed

B．cared

C．responded

D．understood

7.

A．arrived

B．returned

C．hidden

D．escaped

8.

A．skipped

B．closed

C．noticed

D．remembered

9.

A．frightened

B．curious

C．patient

D．grateful

10.

A．turn back

B．go up

C．get out

D．lie down

11.

A．following

B．dragging

C．examining

D．passing

12.

A．safely

B．secretly

C．suddenly

D．previously

13.

A．witness

B．guide

C．service

D．help

14.

A．woman

B．door

C．car

D．baby

15.

A．wisdom

B．generosity

C．honesty

D．courage