1 . Benjamin Spock was a famous doctor for children. He completed his medical degree at Columbia University in New York City and began to treat babies and children in 1933. During the next ten years he continued to fit the theories about how children develop with what mothers told him about their children. What he found gave birth to his first book The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care.
Before Dr. Spock’s book appeared, the most popular guide to raising children was Psychological Care of Infant and Child, whose writer was John B. Watson. He urged extreme firmness in dealing with children. The book warned parents never to kiss, hug or physically comfort their children.
Dr. Spock’s book was very different. He gave gentle advice to ease the fears of new parents. Dr. Spock said his work was an effort to help parents trust their own natural abilities in caring for their children. He emphasized that parents’ “natural loving care” for their children is most important.
Dr. Spock based much of his advice on the research and findings of the famous Austrian psychoanalyst (精神分析学家), Sigmund Freud. “I was interested in how children grow emotionally. And I think Freud has given us a very good explanation of development. ”
Dr. Spock’s book discusses the mental and emotional development of children. It urges parents to use that information to decide how to deal with their babies when they are crying, hungry or tired. For example, Dr. Spock dismissed the popular idea of exactly timed feedings for babies. Baby care experts had believed that babies must be fed at the same times every day or they would grow up to be demanding children.
Dr. Spock said babies should be fed when they are hungry. He argued that babies know better than anyone about when and how much they need to eat. He did not believe that feeding babies when they cry in hunger would make them more demanding.
750, 000 copies of the book were sold during the year after its release.
1. What may contribute to Spock’s first book?A.His fame. |
B.His mother |
C.His discovery. |
D.His education. |
A.Covering professional theories. |
B.Offering expert suggestions. |
C.Including comprehensive contents. |
D.Building up parents’ confidence. |
A.Parents should hug babies regularly. |
B.Parents should warn babies of danger. |
C.Parents should follow Watson’s opinions. |
D.Parents should feed babies when necessary. |
A.An introduction to Spock and his book. |
B.Stories about Spock as a famous doctor. |
C.Differences between two baby care books. |
D.Influences of Spock’s book on other experts. |
2 . As the most typical part of the art of Chinese language, idioms have contributed to the inheritance and development of the old Chinese culture.
The idiom Yu Gong Yi Shan (The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains) is from Liezi. In ancient times, there was an old man in front of whose house were Taihang and Wangwu Mountains.
The idiom Wo Xin Chang Dan(Sleeping on Brushwood and Tasting Gall)is from Records of the Grand History. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu defeated the State of Yue, and captured the king of Yue, Gou Jian. After he was released and returned to his country, Gou Jian, never forgetting his shame, slept on a pile of brushwood and tasted gall before every meal.
The idiom Wen Ji Qi Wu (Rising up to Practice Swordplay upon Hearing the Rooster Crow) is from The Book of Jin Dynasty. In the Jin Dynasty, to realize his ambition of serving the country, Zu Ti rose up every morning at the moment he heard the crow of a rooster to practice swordplay, and finally became a capable general.
A.Chinese language has a long history. |
B.That made it inconvenient for him to come and go. |
C.This idiom implies that ambition and diligence pay off. |
D.This story tells us that tough perseverance may lead to success. |
E.This story calls on the patriotic spirit and courage to serve one’s country. |
F.They contain simple expressions, deep-hidden meanings and vivid stories. |
G.After several years of endurance and preparation, he finally conquered his enemy. |
3 . In the animal world, speed is king. Fast animals have a leg up in outrunning other animals, which puts them high on the food chain. It would seem that all animals would go for speed, but then there’s the sloth (树懒). While a lion can go from 0 to 60 miles an hour in only five seconds, it takes a sloth all day to cover no more than 50 meters.
Sloths live entirely in trees on a diet of leaves. And for this, they are extremely rare. While most of the land world is covered in trees, there are very few vertebrates (脊椎动物) that call the tree home. The aim of a 2016 study, says Jonathan Pauli, a University of Alabama professor of forest and wildlife ecology, was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique. “Among vertebrates, this is the rarest of lifestyles”, says Pauli. “When you picture animals that live off plant leaves, they are almost all big-things like deer. What’s super interesting about sloths is that they can’t be big.”
For their research, Pauli and his Wisconsin team studied wild sloths at a field site. When the researchers measured the energy use of sloths, they found a wildly low burning of as little as 110 calories of energy a day. And for this, they take the cake: it is the lowest measured energetic output for any mammal (哺乳动物).
“The measurement was intended to find out what it cost sloths to live over a day,”says Pauli, who adds that a diet of little but leaves lacks nutritional value and the animal’s small size doesn’t allow for overeating-so sloths need to find ways to make the most of their diets, which means using tiny amounts of energy, dramatic control of body temperature and living at an extremely slow pace.
Their reward? A wonderfully widespread ecological system to call their own, one slow inch at a time.
1. Why is a lion mentioned in Paragraph 1?A.To admire lions’ speed. | B.To state sloths’ weakness. |
C.To confirm lions’ lead position. | D.To highlight sloths’ uniqueness. |
A.The lifestyle of sloths. | B.The diet of vertebrates. |
C.The species of rare animals. | D.The energy use of creatures. |
A.Break down. | B.Keep on. | C.Stand out. | D.Grow up. |
A.Their slow pace is a balanced choice. |
B.They are in face of possible extinction. |
C.Their slow pace decides a tiny appetite. |
D.They suffer a lot against natural enemies. |
4 . A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer. At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge, standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS).
Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable, but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer. In Bekele’s own words, “Curing cancer, one bar of soap at a time. ”He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking. Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.
“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media. He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle, a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
During his presentation, Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope, accessibility, and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all.”
Over the coming five years, Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
1. What made Bekele an instant hit?A.Starting a soap fashion. | B.Overcoming skin cancer. |
C.Being the youngest scientist. | D.Creating a soap against skin cancer. |
A.His concern for others. | B.His adventure in childhood. |
C.His enthusiasm for technology. | D.His interest in medical knowledge. |
A.Obtain official approval. | B.Visit undeveloped areas. |
C.Increase the availability of the soap. | D.Update the facilities of production. |
A.Inspiring and modest. | B.Humorous and positive. |
C.Creative and considerate. | D.Curious and independent. |
Every four years the best players in the world gather for one month in summer to take part in the biggest event in football—the World Cup.
In October, FIFA released a statement
“The World Cup’s first match was hosted in Uruguay in 1930, so the centennial (百周年的) World Cup could not be far from South America,
Actually, the 2026 World Cup
6 . In a small town in the countryside, there lived a happy family named the Andersens. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson had two children — Jack and Emily. They were known in the town for their sense of
Mr. Anderson was the town’s mayor and had a lot of
In October of last year, the
A.belonging | B.achievement | C.responsibility | D.humour |
A.feelings | B.accidents | C.hobbies | D.affairs |
A.look after | B.clean up | C.talk about | D.take over |
A.pleased | B.educated | C.praised | D.encouraged |
A.energy | B.ages | C.goals | D.spirit |
A.drinks | B.paintings | C.rides | D.lessons |
A.family | B.class | C.staff | D.children |
A.surprise | B.sell | C.event | D.problem |
A.in charge of | B.in honor of | C.in favor of | D.in need of |
A.often | B.also | C.finally | D.actually |
A.taken | B.ordered | C.tasked | D.attracted |
A.approach | B.check | C.protect | D.decorate |
A.dream | B.plan | C.success | D.trial |
A.safe | B.late | C.quiet | D.beautiful |
A.exciting | B.important | C.expensive | D.complicated |
7 . The mushrooming video screens in buses, taxis and apartment halls in cities like Shanghai are taking away our already rare resource: a place for a moment of peace. Taking a nap or reading a book on buses is less pleasant now, as the LCD screens broadcast news, entertainment and advertisements at unbearable volumes.
You pay the bus fare simply to get a ride—undisturbed—but now you are exposed to this “added value”, whether you like it or not. If it’s a crowded bus, the noise is even more exasperating. More and more Chinese cities have joined Shanghai, regarded as the first to put video screens on buses, disturbing millions of passengers.
Some may like to watch programme aired on buses or in apartment halls. But those who don’t should be equally respected. Because of the bus screens, students cannot focus on reviewing their lessons or preparing for a test. People who like to read or reflect feel unsettled by the noise. Youngsters who like to listen to music on their iPods must increase the volume to fight against the competing audio. If you already feel stressed after a busy day, the bus video advertising certainly increase the tension of both your muscles and nervous system. Bus drivers are surely the worst victims because they have to bear it at least eight hours a day, non-stop.
A high public tolerance for noise pollution has helped bus video advertisers to expand their businesses. But opposition has already started to make its voice heard. Some people have already accused bus companies of breaking their contracts, since their obligation is only to deliver passengers to their destinations.
Shanghai, as a world-class city, should set an example for the country. It should first adopt world-class behavior in its massive public transportation system to return the public a peaceful place.
1. What does the underlined word “exasperating” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Entertaining. |
B.Encouraging. |
C.Disappointing. |
D.Annoying. |
A.Students. |
B.Bus drivers. |
C.Youngsters. |
D.Office employees. |
A.More use of public transport. |
B.An increase in bus video advertising. |
C.More complaints about bus companies. |
D.Lower public awareness of consumer rights. |
A.Opposed. |
B.Unclear. |
C.Supportive. |
D.Indifferent. |
8 . While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had
It would have been easy to
A.experiment | B.encounter | C.competition | D.appointment |
A.treated | B.saved | C.lectured | D.approached |
A.true | B.so-called | C.new | D.long-lost |
A.chance | B.advice | C.trouble | D.right |
A.visited | B.financed | C.attended | D.founded |
A.building | B.sweeping | C.checking | D.guarding |
A.typical | B.obvious | C.natural | D.remarkable |
A.publish | B.quote | C.сорy | D.download |
A.writers | B.historians | C.workers | D.students |
A.anticipate | B.imagine | C.recall | D.catch |
A.look into | B.rely on | C.go over | D.deal with |
A.well-behaved | B.multi-skilled | C.warm-hearted | D.self-educated |
A.asked | B.warned | C.showed | D.promised |
A.traveling | B.reading | C.searching | D.teaching |
A.cooperate | B.side | C.negotiate | D.engage |
9 . Scientists at the University of Washington (UW) have come up with an unusual way to help farmers get information about the plants in their fields.
Farmers already use drones (无人机) to collect information about their crops. But they can only fly for 10 to 20 minutes, and can only travel for a few miles. Last year, the team at UW showed off “RoboFly”, a tiny robot that weighed as much as a toothpick and could fly. But it can’t fly far at all and it needs a laser (激光) for power. So the scientists began to think about things that already knew how to fly, which led them to the bumblebees (大黄蜂) that fly all day. Compared to many flying insects, bumblebees are so large and strong as to fly carrying almost as much as their own weight.
The UW scientists created a special device with sensors, a small battery, and a way of storing tiny amounts of information. This “backpack” weighs about as much as seven grains of dry rice.
To track the bee, the scientists send radio signals from several spots along the edges of the field where the bee is. The tiny computer on the bee’s back uses the strength of the signals to figure out where it is. The backpack records information about the temperature and light. When the bee return s home at the end of the day, a device can wirelessly download the information the bee has collected. Another device can wirelessly recharge the backpack’s battery.
In the UW experiment, the scientists cooled the bumblebees down so that they stopped moving, and then glued the backpacks onto the bees. But it would be difficult for farmers to do the same thing for hundreds of bumblebees. Besides, bumblebees don’t live long — about a month. Farmers would need to be careful as the bees got older, otherwise the trackers could die while they are out in the field, leaving the electronic litter behind.
1. What is the disadvantage of drones and RoboFly?A.They cost much. | B.They need charging. | C.They can’t travel long. | D.They aren’t strong. |
A.Send radio signals. | B.Guide the bee home. |
C.Collect crops’ situations. | D.Exchange the battery. |
A.Putting them on the bees more effectively. | B.Making sure the bees live much longer. |
C.Recycling the electronic litter on time. | D.Making them cheaper and cheaper. |
A.Bees Work Better Than Drones and RoboFly | B.Scientists Invent Bee Robots to Help Farmers |
C.Bees Tell Farmers How Crops Get Along | D.Scientists Make Sensors Bees Can Wear |
1. 运动会的时间及参赛人数;
2. 运动会的过程及成绩;
3. 运动会的影响。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为100左右;
2. 请在相应位置作答。
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