1 . People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However，playing sports can have_________effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports，40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these,18,000,000 say they have been_________at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad_________of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.

Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main_________of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children_________aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback (反馈). Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that_________is everything. Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout_________at other players or cheer when their child behaves_________. As well, children are even taught that hurting other players is _________or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured.____________, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.

We really need to____________this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches____________should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better____________. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to____________themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that____________is not as important as winning.

1.

A．restrictive(限制的)

B．negative

C．active

D．instructive

2.

A．knocked

B．glanced

C．smiled

D．shouted

3.

A．impression

B．concept

C．taste

D．expectation

4.

A．resource

B．cause

C．course

D．consequence

5.

A．question

B．understand

C．copy

D．neglect

6.

A．winning

B．practising

C．fun

D．sport

7.

A．praises

B．orders

C．remarks (言论、评论)

D．insults(侮辱)

8.

A．proudly

B．ambitiously

C．aggressively

D．bravely

9.

A．acceptable

B．impolite

C．possible

D．accessible

10.

A．By contrast

B．In addition

C．As a result

D．After all

11.

A．look up to

B．face up to

C．make up for

D．come up with

12.

A．in particular

B．in all

C．in return

D．in advance

13.

A．techniques

B．means

C．values

D．directions

14.

A．respect

B．relax

C．forgive

D．enjoy

15.

A．body

B．fame

C．health

D．spirit

2 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. criticize       B. desperately       C. establish       D. feature       E. focus       F. gratitude G. heartfelt       H. humanity       I. influence       J. present       K. touch

Letters Brought Back to Life

Letters as a way of communication have long given way to phone calls and WeChat messages. But a TV show, Letters Alive, is helping bring this old way to keep in touch back into the     1    .

Letters Alive took its idea from a UK program with a similar name, Letters Live. Both shows     2     famous actors and actresses, but there is no gossip, no eye-catching visual effects. Instead, it’s just one person walking up to a microphone and reading a letter.

But these are not just any letters. They vary greatly in time and subjects. There is, for example, a passionate letter that famous painter Huang Yongyu wrote to playwright Cao Yu 30 years ago to     3     his lack of creativity. There is also a(n)     4     note from Spring and Autumn Period written by two ordinary young soldiers to their elder brother to report their lives in the war zone.

Compared to published texts, letters also come with a personal     5    .

One example from Letters Live was a note of     6     from the mother of a dying child to JK Rowling, author of the Harry Potter books. It read: “Mrs Rowling, cancer threatened to take everything from my daughter, and your books turned out to be the castle we so     7     needed to hide in.”

According to Guan Zhengwen, the director of Letters Alive, it is this kind of     8     behind every letter that strikes a harmony with the audience. “It’s a thing of the past that entertainment shows     9     themselves only with pretty faces,” Guan told Sohu News. “Entertainment industry is starting to switch to a(n)     10     on wisdom and intelligence.”

3 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own wors as far as possible.

Pedestrians only

The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time. During the Middle Ages, traffic-free shopping areas were built to allow people to shop in comfort and, more importantly, safety. The modern, traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s, when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly. Dirty exhaust fumes from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience. Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets, and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.

At first, there was resistance from shopkeepers. They believed that such a move would be bad for business. They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars. When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic, there were even noisy demonstrations, as many shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.

However, research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich, Cologne and Hamburg, visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent. On Copenhagen’s main shopping street, shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent. Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, USA, were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.

With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street, many shops, especially those selling things like clothes, food and smaller luxury items, prospered. Unfortunately, it wasn’t good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances actually saw their sales drop. Many of these were forced to move elsewhere, away from the city centre. Today they are a common feature on the outskirts of towns and cities, often situated in out-of-town retail zones with their own car parks and other local facilities.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . Bad Dreams Are Good!

Most of us dream, whether we remember them or not. What are dreams for? A handful of _______ dominate. Sigmund Freud famously maintained that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions, or perhaps sort through and strengthen memories, or _______ random neuron（神经元） activity, or prepare responses to threatening situations. Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary function, but simply _______ personal concerns.

Despite being largely unsupported by _______, Freud’s view maintains a strong following around the world. Researchers found that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to accept better _______ theories. In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more _______ than an official warning about a terrorist attack. Even if dreams can't foretell the future, they seem to _______ our shared fascinations. The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep （深度睡眠） cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night.

A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics include school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something. For all the commonalities dreams _______, they vary across time and culture — people who grew up watching black-and-white TV are more likely to dream in black and white. A 1958 study _______ that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being ________ dressed or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were more likely to dream about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed with fear, or “wild, violent beasts.” If human dreams sound ________, bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects.

In a study of students taking a French medical school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand ________ a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported ________ about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn’t. So the next time you dream about an education related experience in which you are unable to answer the questions or solve a problem, don’t __________: It’s probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so you'll be ________ if such an event ever comes to pass.

1.

A．symptoms

B．reviews

C．conflicts

D．theories

2.

A．take place of

B．make peace with

C．make sense of

D．come up with

3.

A．exemplify

B．dramatize

C．horrify

D．recognize

4.

A．evidence

B．information

C．qualification

D．inquiry

5.

A．assumed

B．connected

C．confirmed

D．realized

6.

A．curiosity

B．anxiety

C．fancy

D．reluctance

7.

A．expect

B．endure

C．expose

D．employ

8.

A．exhibit

B．explain

C．supply

D．identify

9.

A．diagnosed

B．dismissed

C．denied

D．determined

10.

A．unnecessarily

B．independently

C．inappropriately

D．impersonally

11.

A．puzzling

B．exciting

C．depressing

D．amusing

12.

A．revealed

B．guaranteed

C．traced

D．involved

13.

A．grades

B．concerns

C．dreams

D．memories

14.

A．hesitate

B．worry

C．pause

D．laugh

15.

A．ready

B．eager

C．nervous

D．curious

5 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. including     B. impressions     C. standing       D. restored     E. missing F. fun     G. comfort       H. associated        I. inspired       J. marked   K. contact

Ancient Civilizations Had Game Nights Too!

Morten Ramstad, a researcher at the University of Bergen, Norway, and his team spotted one of the rare objects while unearthing the remains of an Early Iron Age (400-300 BC) burial site in Western Norway. Burying loved ones with basic necessities like ceramic pots and clothing, to ensure their     1     in the afterlife, was a fairly common tradition in ancient cultures. However, the families of some lucky individuals went a step further by     2     a board game for entertainment.

Though the game board was     3    , the archeologists, who revealed their findings on April 5, 2020, managed to recover the dice（骰子）and 18 circular game pieces. Unlike the modern-day cubical（立体的）dice, which are     4     with a different number of dots from one to six on each face, the ancient game counter was square and had bulls-eye like     5    , which indicated zero to five on each of its four faces. The researchers suspect it may have been     6     by the oldest-known board game — the “Game of Mercenaries”. The two-person strategy game, which dates back to the 3rd century BC, was believed to be similar to modern-day chess.

The archeologists, who also unearthed remains of pottery jars and a bronze needle at the burial site believe the game pieces indicate the dead was a wealthy individual. In ancient civilizations, board games were a status symbol, signifying the owner’s high social and economic     7    . They indicated an individual’s intellectual ability and also proved he/she could afford to spend time on such activities.

“These are status objects that bear witness to     8     with the Roman Empire, where they liked to enjoy themselves with board games,” Ramstad said. “People who played games like this were from the upper class. The game showed that they had the time, profits, and ability to think strategically.”

The researchers planned to put the     9     game pieces in a museum as the discovery provides insights into Norway’s social structure during the Early Iron Age and gives some ideas of what tabletop     10     looked like during ancient times, at least for the upper class.

6 . At the 4th Street Photo Gallery on the comer of the Bowery, many photos are strung together like clothes on a laundry line. There are portraits of Muhammad Ali and Jean-Michel Basquiat, plus a series of cityscapes detailedly captured over 60 years by Alex Harsley, a neglected but talented New York photographer.

The city has been Mr Harsley’s home since 1948, when, aged ten, he moved there from South Carolina. He took his first photograph ten years later, and became the first black photographer to work for the city’s district attorney’s office. His vivid pictures freeze moments in New York’s evolution from the 1950s to the present. “It could start with the smell of something burning.” he says of his method. “And then you see a family sitting on the steps of a funeral home sadly looking at the firemen going through their routine.”

Some of the scenes in the collection were captured from the window of his old apartment in Harlem; they include images of black activists, streets submerged in snow and shots of the Crown Heights riots of 1991. A.D. Coleman, a photography critic, says Mr. Harsley has been able to capture the lives of minority groups by making himself “invisible”. His aim has been to assemble these fragments (片段) into an extended history of the city.

Mr. Harsley’s gallery is a time capsule. For decades, it is also a hub for the city’s artistic underworld. In the 1970s New York’s photography scene was flourishing, but exclusive. As Mr. Harsley puts it, “a number of great artists were swept aside” because they lacked connections. Helping talent became part of his mission. In 1971 he established The Minority Photographers, an organization that helps up-and-coming artists exhibit their work. He opened his gallery two years later; many photographers have had their first shows there.

1. How does the author describe Alex Harsley in the first paragraph?

A．Undervalued but expert.	B．Gifted but exclusive.
C．Unknown but devoted.	D．Gifted but awkward.

2. What does the underlined sentence mean?

A．His pictures show freezing weather in New York from the 1950s to the present.

B．His pictures capture the cheerful moments in New York since the 1950s.

C．His pictures record some historic occasions of New York over the past decades.

D．His pictures illustrate the vivid lives of minority groups in New York over the past decades.

3. Why does Mr. Harsley make himself “invisible”?

A．To assemble the minority groups of the city.

B．To highlight the lives of minority groups.

C．To help promising artists attract more public attention.

D．To build connections between the minority groups and himself.

4. How did Mr. Harsley help the other artists?

A．He excluded those who looked down upon the unknown artists.

B．He set an organization displaying their works.

C．He established the connections between up-and-coming artists and famous ones.

D．He reduced the rents of the gallery where their photography works were shown.

7 . Do you remember how you felt the first time you rode bike? What about your first heartbreak? _________ moments and the emotions they arouse can resonate in our minds for decades, powerfully shaping who we are as individuals. But for those who experience severe trauma(创伤), such painful memories can leave people with life-changing mental conditions. So, what if traumatic memories did not have to cause so much _______ ? For now, the work is happening in mice.

Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram---a physical change in brain tissue ________ a particular recollection. While at MIT in 2013, Steve Ramirez of Boston University and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrough: They were able to target the cells that _______ one engram in a mouse's brain and then implant a false memory. In their work, mice _____ in fear to a particular stimulus even when they had not been conditioned in advance.

In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether ______ memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones. In their experiments, positive memories are created by putting male mice in cages with female ones for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the mice in cages that deliver brief foot shocks. After a surgical operation on the mice, the researchers find that _______ positive memories while mouse is in a cage makes it less fearful. They think that this memory “retraining"may be helping to ______ some of the mouse's trauma. _______ , it is unclear whether those original fear memories are completely lost or just suppressed(抑制).

_____ Ramirez’s team stresses that their work in mice is preliminary(初步的), they see treatment potential for humans down the road. Those suffering from PTSD or depression could have their memories _______ , for instance, so that they don't have a strong ______ response to painful recollections.

If it’s one day possible to alter human memory, who should be allowed to receive that treatment? And would the _______ system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a crime? These are questions New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan says are worth thinking about before the technology is ready for human clinical settings.

As neuroscientists progress with their research, they say these _______ issues are being taken into account. Ramirez sees the idea of   ______ memories as neither good nor bad. Like water, it just depends on how you use it.

1.

A．Forgettable

B．Memorable

C．Sustainable

D．Believable

2.

A．fruit

B．difference

C．pain

D．movement

3.

A．associated with

B．exchanged for

C．sentenced to

D．deprived of

4.

A．put off

B．pick up

C．turn on

D．make up

5.

A．reacted

B．hurried

C．stunned

D．resolved

6.

A．short-term

B．negative

C．enjoyable

D．reliable

7.

A．deleting

B．decreasing

C．activating

D．pausing

8.

A．recreate

B．eliminate

C．liberate

D．memorize

9.

A．Therefore

B．Besides

C．Indeed

D．However

10.

A．Since

B．Unless

C．Until

D．While

11.

A．removed

B．strengthened

C．altered

D．stimulated

12.

A．emotional

B．physical

C．controversial

D．mechanical

13.

A．immune

B．justice

C．medical

D．commerce

14.

A．mental

B．ethical

C．criminal

D．equality

15.

A．killing

B．multiplying

C．controlling

D．justifying

8 . You've been painting for a few years, and maybe you have even sold a painting or two. Are you ready to ______ the title of an amateur artist?

Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is ______ task. It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings. It's not only about painting techniques. And for most cases, it doesn't happen ______. Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering.

To turn professional, people find it critical to develop a personal style. What makes your paintings _______ among other paintings out there? Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator? A personal style comes along with technique, painting medium, and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time. You _______ it through unconscious and constant exploring and self-shaping. Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium. Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media, but they all have a _______ Dali style. Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings, which people can identify with. (认同/产生共鸣) Their _______ of the painter is then a sure thing.

Artists talk about their _______ all of the time. What gets you out of bed every morning to paint? How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting?   ______, we all love to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating. For the professional artist, it goes beyond that. Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life, society or even politics. Others simply seek   _______ returns to cover kids' tuition fees or pay family bills. Yet, all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals.

Many amateur artists passively wait for   _______ to come. If they are not in the mood, they do not bother wasting the time. They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties. Professionals are never easily _______ or torn away from their art work in progress. Focused on their work so much, some even regard spending time outside their _______ as crime. _______ is their secret to high productivity.

Besides, professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting, which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one. The belief that there is always room for _______ keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along.

1.

A．step beyond

B．turn off

C．see through

D．make up

2.

A．rewarding

B．tricky

C．formal

D．temporary

3.

A．individually

B．thoroughly

C．instantly

D．sincerely

4.

A．different

B．superior

C．practical

D．reliable

5.

A．get

B．transfer

C．imitate

D．analyze

6.

A．recent

B．clear

C．modest

D．logical

7.

A．preservation

B．employment

C．adaption

D．recognition

8.

A．background

B．significance

C．motivation

D．routine

9.

A．To sum up

B．In contrast

C．In addition

D．In general

10.

A．academic

B．global

C．financial

D．original

11.

A．inspiration

B．fame

C．guidance

D．solution

12.

A．offended

B．dominated

C．distracted

D．rewarded

13.

A．studio

B．bedroom

C．garage

D．garden

14.

A．Reflection

B．Devotion

C．Creativity

D．Illustration

15.

A．negotiation

B．profit

C．criticism

D．improvement

9 . 从方框里选择合适的词语的适当形式填空

A. essence   B. amateur   C. influential   D. balanced   AB. recognition   AC. highlights   AD. maximizing   BC. overwhelmingly   BD. talented   CD. obsession     ABC. prioritize

When most of us recall our school sporting days, we tend to remember the friendships that were forged, the occasional personal     1    and the far more frequent moments when our skill levels didn't quite match our idols'. However, not all of the present generation of schoolchildren may be able to look back on their sporting experiences with such fondness. There are growing fears, within independent schools in particular, that moves towards professional standards and a focus on winning may disagree with the     2     of school sports.

The problem is, perhaps unsurprisingly, more prevalent in boys' sport, and especially so in rugby, where independent schools still provide the bulk of future England internationals. At the same time, there has been a surge in the number of schools offering scholarships to     3    rugby players, driven by a desire to widen access, but also, on occasion, by a(n)     4    that success on the playing field may be a potential marketing tool. One director of rugby at a top-performing school in the South-East reports that his star under-16 player was poached(挖走)by a rival school which offered him a full scholarship. ‘We weren’t prepared to enter into a bidding war over a 15-year-old kid,’ he says rather pitifully.

Chris Morgan, director of sport at Tonbridge, is a critic of these shifts towards becoming superstar sports schools, 'An increasing number of schools seem to be using sports scholarships as part of their business model,’ he says. ‘They place rugby above other sports as it seems to be more    5    in parents’ decision-making over which school they want to send their children to.’

As a result, some of Morgan's counterparts at other independent schools feel under pressure to focus on winning rather than    6     enjoyment. ‘If everything you put on your website is about which teams won, it is easy to see how coaches, boys and parents can think that results are the most important barometer of success.’

Several coaches feel that their efforts to     7    players’ enjoyment over results are at risk of being undermined by the temptation to see sport as an extension of academic league tables.

One director of rugby told me that whenever they lose a game, his headmaster calls a meeting on the Monday morning in which he demands an explanation for the defeat. ‘The head can't understand that sport isn't just about winning,’ he says.

So, with increasingly professional set-ups and a seeming     8    with winning at all costs, has school sport lost its innocence?

Certainly not, says Kevin Knibbs, Headmaster of Hampton School in South West London, and Chair of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference(HMC)Sports Sub-Committee ‘Independent schools understand that sport is hugely beneficial to young people. While there have been substantial improvements in the standard of sports facilities, coaching, and performance in independent schools over the past decade, this is    9     with, an emphasis on safety, wellbeing and general fitness. Together these things have had a(n)     10    positive impact on young people’s experiences of sport in HMC schools, ' he says. 'Pupils are free to enjoy playing a wide range of sports with their friends without facing undue pressure to wip or needing to follow an over-intensive training regime, Knibbs continue.

10 . WE COMBAT ANIMAL DISEASES TOGETHER!

We want to prevent serious animal diseases such as foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever and African swine fever from spreading to Finland. These and other animal diseases can be transmitted from one country to another by animals or by meat and dairy products even if they are packed for personal consumption or intended as gifts. Travelers like you play an important role in preventing the spread of animal diseases.

Don’t bring meat, meat products, milk and dairy products from non-EU countries to Finland!

A ban on personal imports applies to meat and dairy products brought into Finland by travelers or ordered and sent through the post. The ban applies to food stuffs intended for personal consumption or as gifts and to pet food. If you have food products of animal origin with you, throw them in a waste container in the point of entry or contact Customs!

Bringing meat-containing products as presents and for personal use from an EU country to Finland

At the moment, there are EU countries with cases of African swine fever. In those countries there are restriction areas and, as a rule, pork and wild bear meat or products containing these meats may not be imported from these areas into Finland. Import is allowed only under very strict criteria controlled by local authorities. However, the sales of these meat products within the country may be allowed. In the EU, the disease has been detected in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Belgium and Italy (Sardinia), for instance. It is difficult for travelers to know and prove from which area meat products originate and whether the products on sale meet all criteria. This is the reason why we recommend that people avoid importing any meat products containing pork or wild bear meat as presents or for personal use from countries with African swine fever.

PLEASE NOTE! Never leave any food waste or leftover in the environment or places where they may be eaten by wildlife. Never give food waste or leftover to production animals or to pet pigs.

Thank you for helping us to prevent the spread of animal diseases. We wish you a pleasant journey!

1. Whom is this notice intended for?

A．Food importers in Finland.	B．Travelers to Finland.
C．Citizens in EU countries.	D．Medical staff from non-EU countries.

2. Why does the Finnish Food Authority issue the notice?

A．To protect endangered wildlife.	B．To secure the domestic economy.
C．To promote vegetarian lifestyle.	D．To prevent the infectious diseases.

3. Which of the following behaviors is IMPROPER, according to the notice?

A．A Russian official threw a beef burger in a dustbin at the Finnish airport.

B．A Finnish girl fed milk to pigeon at the park in her neighborhood.

C．A Japanese traveler bought some Hungarian homemade sausages in Finland.

D．A German brought German cheeses to his Finnish girlfriend as a gift.