1 . We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t
even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them."
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones. |
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places. |
C.Absence of communication between strangers. |
D.Impatience with slow service. |
A.Showing good manners. | B.Relating to other people. |
C.Focusing on a topic. | D.Making business deals. |
A.It improves family relationships. | B.It raises people’s confidence. |
C.It matters as much as a formal talk. | D.It makes people feel good. |
A.Conversation Counts | B.Ways of Making Small Talk |
C.Benefits of Small Talk | D.Uncomfortable Silence |
2 . We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet,
A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not
We
The thought behind a letter
Who wouldn’t love to receive a letter like that? Let’s get writing!
1.A.made | B.put | C.helped | D.managed |
A.rather than | B.less than | C.more than | D.other than |
A.absent | B.active | C.amused | D.admirable |
A.also | B.yet | C.already | D.still |
A.popular | B.common | C.rare | D.simple |
A.received | B.sent | C.written | D.rejected |
A.success | B.pleasure | C.concern | D.calmness |
A.engineer | B.doctor | C.police | D.postman |
A.seizing | B.tearing | C.hiding | D.carrying |
A.can | B.must | C.may | D.shall |
A.American | B.Chinese | C.Australian | D.British |
A.forget | B.change | C.remember | D.notice |
A.money | B.room | C.history | D.time |
A.contacted | B.interviewed | C.consulted | D.admired |
A.guests | B.visitors | C.friends | D.partners |
A.force | B.strength | C.source | D.energy |
A.effort | B.comfort | C.surprise | D.experience |
A.educates | B.guides | C.matters | D.rewards |
A.nothing | B.anything | C.something | D.everything |
A.looks after | B.cares about | C.struggles for | D.agrees with |
Tim Robinson, a former junior officer of the British Army, was on holiday in Bridport, Dorset, a town in England. While enjoying a walk down the beach, Tim slipped on a piece of seaweed lying in the sand and fell, breaking his leg.
Unfortunately, Tim did not bring his cell phone with him when he left for his walk. No one was in site, but as Tim lay helpless he remembered his military training and tried to think about what was around to help him. After struggling around on the beach, the pain became too much to handle. He stopped and thought about what to do.
With no phone and no one around, and with his leg hurting greatly, Tim had a decision to make. He could either continue this way in pain and hope that someone happened to see him, or he could try something else. It didn’t matter that his leg had made him partially immobile, Tim still had the ability to crawl (爬行), and so he did.
The choice was easy, but the crawl was tough. Tim told the Daily Mail, “After I crawled to about a mile-and-a-quarter away from the car park, I started flashing my torch in SOS and spinning it over my head to create a Buzz-Saw signal which is a way of attracting helicopters in the armed forces.”
No one seemed to be around. At least, no one could read Tim’s signals for help. Once again, he had to either stay where he was and wait for help or get moving. In his mind he had no choice. There was no response to begin with, so he crawled for five minutes and covered about 50 meters before making the same signal three times. Most people couldn’t imagine crawling for any distance with a broken leg, but Tim wasn’t about to give up.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tim finally got a response from the distance.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tim’s condition was worse than Mrs. Robinson thought.
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4 .
News anchors(主播) must have been reluctant to read out the following news: Xin Xiaomeng began working as the world’s first female artificial(人工的) intelligence news anchor at Xinhua News Agency on Sunday, three months after a male robot joined the profession.
Unlike previous news robots though, Xin does not read news like a cold machine; she reads it almost like a human being. The muscles on her face stretch and relax-and her reactions change-as she continues reading. That’s why many news anchors were worried: Will AI replace us in the near future?
To find the answer, we have to analyse the technologies that support Xin at her job. Three key technologies are used to support Xin. First, samples of human voices are collected and synthesized (合成). This is followed by the collection and synthesis of human muscle movement samples. And third the voices and movements are married in a way that when the Al news anchor reads, the micro -electric motors behind her face move to make her expressions seem more human.
Yet we need a thorough knowledge of deep leaning technology to make a robot imitate a person’s voice. The developer needs to collect tens of thousands of pieces of pronunciations, input them Into the machine and match them with the text or the Al to lean and read. The process for imitating facial movements is similar. The developer has to analyse the movements of the 53 muscles in the human face, make a model set from the collected data for the AI news anchor to lean, and imitate the movements of facial muscles via programs
Both the technologies used to make Xin’s performance impressive are mature. The real difficulty lies in the third -the technology to match the pronunciations with facial movements so that Xin expressions vary according to the content of the news report. In fact, Xins expressions don' t always change according to the content. As a result, her expressions look anything but human. Actually. AI is still no match for human qualities.
1. What does the underlined word "reluctant "in the first paragraph mean?A.Delighted. | B.Unwilling. | C.Confused. | D.Optimistic. |
A.They read news without expressions. | B.They looked like a human being |
C.They could interview sports stars | D.They could interact with audience. |
A.This technology is very perfect so far |
B.This technology is quite popular now |
C.This technology remains at the theoretical stage |
D.This technology is far from mature. |
A.human news anchors should learn from AT anchors to save their jobs |
B.Al anchors perform much better than human news anchors at present |
C.Al news anchors won 't replace human news anchors in the near future |
D.Xin Xiaomeng s expressions vary so naturally that they are true to life |
1.预订酒店;
2.租用车辆;
3.雇佣导游。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
Welcome to China in the coming winter vacation,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
I’d been waitressing for months, earning extra money for college. “Since it’s not too busy, go and see if Ray wants any more coffee,” my boss said to me as he pointed to an older man sitting in the corner.
Ray was holding the cup in his hand as he stared out of the window. He was a re gular lunch customer on Mondays and Fridays.
“Can I refill the cup for you, Ray?” I asked. He looked up with a peaceful smile and held his cup out toward me. “You know, I’ve been coming here for several years, and I have to say you have the nicest smile,” he whispered. “Can you sit for minutes... please?”
I sat down and he smiled, “Your smile reminds me of my granddaughter, Sharon.” He took out a picture of her from his wall et and handed it to me. “She graduated from college last year.”
“What a nice-looking girl!” I said. “Does she live near you?”
Ray shook his head as he put the picture back in his wallet. “She moved to California last year. I miss her a lot. She and I used to have lunch together on Monday s and Fridays,” he said. “She now wants me to move out there to be closer to her.”
“So, why don’t you?”
“I don’t know if I really want to move. I’ve been here all my life,” he answered.
I heard my boss calling me. “I guess that’s meant for me,” I said as I stood up.
We smiled at each other. “Ray……if my grandfather had been like you, I’d have asked him day and night to move closer to me, too.” I patted his shoulder. “Don’t wait too long. Nice talking with you...”
For the next couple of weeks, Ray continued to come on Mondays and Fridays. But on that Monday of Thanksgiving week, he didn’t show up. Then one Wednesday afternoon, walking out to my car after work, I heard a voice call my name from across the parking lot.
注意:1.续写词数应为 150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was Ray, hurrying to catch up to me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Have you made up your mind to move?” I asked.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7 . When people see machines that respond like humans, or computers that perform amazing feats of strategy, they sometimes joke about a future in which humanity will need to accept robot overlords. But buried in the joke is a seed of unease. Science fiction writing and popular movies have shown us about artificial intelligence (AI) that exceeds the expectations of its creators and escapes their control, eventually outcompeting and enslaving humans or targeting them for extinction(灭绝).
Even in the real word, not everyone is ready to welcome AI with open arms. In recent years, as computer scientists have pushed the boundaries of what AI can accomplish, leading figures in technology and science have warmed about the frightening dangers that artificial intelligence may pose to humanity, even suggesting that AI capabilities could destroy the human race.
But why are people so frightened about the idea of AI?
Elon Musk is one of the famous voices that have raised red flags about AI, In July 2017. Musk told attendees at a meeting of the National Governors Association, I have exposured to the very cutting-edge Al,and I think people should be really concerned about it.I keep sounding the alarm bell. But until people see robots going down the street killing people, they don't know how to react, because it seems so impossible."
Earlier, in 2014, Musk had labeled AI "our biggest existential threat," and in August 2017, he declared that humanity faced a greater risk from AI than the terrorists. Physicist Stephen Hawking, who died on March14, also expressed concerns about AI, telling the BBC in 2014 that "the development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.
1. What are top scientists in AI worried about?A.Its ability of impressive fests. | B.It contributes too much to movies. |
C.It may end the human race some day. | D.It's capability to bury our seeds in jokes. |
A.Questions. | B.Warnings |
C.Complaints. | D.Wonders. |
A.be a great threat to human beings. | B.learn the human emotions like fear. |
C.predict the future of the human race. | D.compose horrible tales into scary stories. |
A.Technology | B.Health |
C.Planet earth. | D.Human nature. |
We three were running down the path, shouting and laughing when our dog Rubby suddenly stopped in the distance. He turned around and eyed us, with his tail swinging up and down.
My little brother Toby immediately sped up and rushed to where Rubby was. He bent down. picked up something and ran back to us.
It was a bunch of keys. We gathered in a circle, examining the keys one by one. hoping to find some useful information about its owner. There were 3 keys — a house key, a mail key and a car key and a unique key fob (吊坠) very likely designed specially.
“Gosh, the owner might be in great trouble,” my sister sighed. She was right. We once lost our keys. Although we had an extra house key, it took our parents quite a long time to get a new mail key. let alone there was a car key.
Who might have lost them?
Alter many wild guesses, we finally drew a conclusion. It might belong to someone in our neighborhood as only our neighbors wandered into the woods for a walk. But it was still impossible to figure out who it was. We had a very big neighborhood.
“The owner might come back to look for them,” Toby reminded.
So we decided to stay where we were, keeping a watchful eye on all passers-by. Our little dog ran in circles of excitement since we stayed so long in the wild. We remained in the woods for two hours, asking everyone we came across whether they lost their keys, but in vain.
It seemed we had to give up. But my sister wouldn’t, saying that she just couldn’t stop picturing the owner brushing aside tall grasses hoping to find the lost keys. “How anxious and upset the owner would be!”
I took a look at the bunch of keys again and quite by accident, found the key fob had the alarm button. “Look! If we press the alarm button, close enough of course, we can set off the owner’s car alarm.”
“That’s brilliant.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We rushed back to our neighborhood.
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The door opened and in front of us stood an old lady.
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9 . Two years ago I was a typical girl with a rather plain life. When
Just like the
This organization’s meetings
At this organization we are friends with each other and are a
With time going by, I have found an abundance of other
I’m sure I’ll have a lot of wonderful
A.invited | B.transformed | C.promoted | D.introduced |
A.Besides | B.Accidentally | C.Therefore | D.Luckily |
A.party | B.meeting | C.competition | D.program |
A.name | B.poster | C.aim | D.organization |
A.address | B.assist | C.inform | D.avoid |
A.simple | B.difficult | C.familiar | D.similar |
A.accept | B.understand | C.realize | D.reject |
A.forced | B.requested | C.encouraged | D.reminded |
A.carry on | B.take place | C.set down | D.turn up |
A.light | B.rare | C.hot | D.plain |
A.broaden | B.correct | C.polish | D.support |
A.powerful | B.cheerful | C.hopeful | D.meaningful |
A.in short | B.as usual | C.for example | D.in effect |
A.criticize | B.spread | C.decrease | D.ignore |
A.famous | B.tight | C.workable | D.good |
A.original | B.particular | C.potential | D.precious |
A.voluntary | B.individual | C.professional | D.social |
A.cost | B.guaranteed | C.owed | D.prepared |
A.irregular | B.comfortable | C.attractive | D.unbelievable |
A.memories | B.impressions | C.secrets | D.dreams |
10 . It was raining. I went into a café and asked for a coffee.
I stood up and walked between the tables. When I came to the biggest computer, I saw a thin, small man
Why didn’t Steve want to talk with me? I tried
I was worried and I sank in my thoughts. I didn’t even
A.Before | B.Since | C.Although | D.While |
A.pain | B.loneliness | C.sadness | D.fear |
A.because | B.when | C.until | D.unless |
A.home | B.world | C.net | D.café |
A.sleeping | B.laughing | C.sitting | D.learning |
A.busy | B.thirsty | C.tired | D.sick |
A.first of all | B.just then | C.at the same time | D.by that time |
A.surprised | B.delighted | C.moved | D.frightened |
A.once | B.again | C.first | D.even |
A.but | B.so | C.if | D.or |
A.excited | B.respected | C.afraid | D.unhappy |
A.Shut up | B.Enjoy yourself | C.Leave me alone | D.Help me out |
A.walked about | B.walked out | C.raised my hand | D.raised my head |
A.From then on | B.At that moment | C.In all | D.Above all |
A.interested in | B.tired of | C.careful about | D.troubled by |
A.computer | B.soul | C.shop | D.geek |
A.tell | B.plan | C.imagine | D.design |
A.other than | B.instead of | C.except for | D.as well as |
A.pretend | B.understand | C.insist | D.realize |
A.as if | B.just as | C.just after | D.even though |