1 . Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond.

The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China’s Chang’e-5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule.

After analyzing the Chang’e-5’s lunar soil, the team found the sample contained metal-rich substances, which could work as a catalyst (催化剂) to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide. The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts’ life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study. The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base.

“We use the environmental resources to minimize rocket payload, and our strategy provides a scenario for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth,” said the paper’s first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University, expressing his assumption.

“The challenge lies in the fact that catalytic efficiency of lunar soil is lower than catalysts on the Earth,” said the researchers. They are testing different approaches in order to improve the design. The team is looking for an opportunity to test the system in space with China’s future manned lunar missions.

1. What is the main implication of Chinese scientists’ discovery of the moon’s soil?

A．The moon is rich in rare elements.	B．Lunar soil can be used for exploring space.
C．The moon can be lived on by human beings.	D．Lunar soil is a new renewable energy source.

2. What did the researchers work on according to paragraph 3?

A．The process of the sun producing light.

B．The analysis of China’s Chang’e-5’s work.

C．The supportive method producing metal-rich substances.

D．The sustainable living strategy employing lunar resources.

3. What does the underlined word “scenario” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Profession.

B．Contract.

C．Vision.

D．Sponsor.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The discovery of active compounds on the moon.

B．The testing approaches to improving the lunar soil.

C．The research on the environmental system of the moon.

D．The study of using lunar soil for oxygen and fuel production.

2 . In the past, music recording was primitive. A recording engineer placed microphones in front of instruments. The producer pressed record and signaled the band to play. There was a human touch to recordings, and this way of recording gave rock music its raw edge. But here we are today. Complex and advanced audio software sits in every recording studio. The higher cost and greater practicality make creating digital music common.

However, the modern recordings aren’t beneficial to a rock record. Let’s not forget, being in a band is laborious. You need like-minded musicians to rehearse for hours on end. Nowadays, this isn’t a necessity.

Programming drums on a computer is as simple as filling cells on a spreadsheet, and there you have it, a drumbeat. Only a few professionals are aware that they aren’t listening to true live drums. Such tech is even accessible on your smartphone. Whether on a train or in a bedroom, you can create a full band track without a live band.

What happened to rock music? With pop and hip hop dominating the charts, it feels like the time for bands is over. Is rock music really dying out? Is it really on its last legs, or are we just not trying hard enough?

Artists, inspired by the great rock bands, seek to put their own spin on this classic genre. The spirit of rock music still remains. One singer mixed soul and rock while one band combined indie rock with elements of techno, both with underlying rock characteristics.

The truth is that fresh rock bands are out there and you just need to dig deeper. A search through online music blogs shows a growing number of new rock bands. While rock bands are now not as popular as before and not receiving mainstream exposure, the flame still burns brightly.

1. Which words can best describe the past music recording?

A．Underdeveloped and low-cost.	B．Easy and time-saving.
C．Demanding and complex.	D．Digital and creative.

2. What makes programming drums easy in modern recording process?

A．Low demands for music.	B．Advanced audio software.
C．Deep understanding of music.	D．Help from professional musicians.

3. Why are one singer and one band mentioned in paragraph 5?

A．To tell rock music has lost its original attraction.

B．To show rock music may be presented in new styles.

C．To stress rock music is no longer mainstream music.

D．To compare rock music with some other kinds of music.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Is Rock Music Going Dead?	B．Why Is Rock Music Disappearing?
C．A New Kind of Music Is Emerging	D．A Way of Recording Music Is Getting Accepted

3 . I’m an online columnist. A few weeks ago, I wrote a column about my life, ending up receiving some _________ reviews on a regular basis. I have become _________ used to being criticized like that. In the following days, I was also surprised when more lovely words _________ in. They told me that my running adventures had _________ them to go out to work out. Yet more _________ me for giving tips on the mental health issues they had also experienced. I have been so touched by all these people.

As an online columnist for ages, I have constantly encountered _________ readers. A lady was _________ about my daughter when she was hospitalized and a gentleman offered to _________ me for my training when I was badly off. There was also a couple who sent me a jar of home-made marmalade when they read about my _________, in the hope of cheering me up. As I thought about __________ of these kind people, I wondered why our brains are programmed to focus on the bad things __________ all the lovely ones.

At that moment, I’ve realized we don’t have the luxury of negativity. Our life is too short to be __________ by it. To stop engaging in it, the key is our __________ to be dragged down by it. In that spirit, I’ve __________ that from now on, I’m only going to focus on the positive. I’ll keep a file on my cellphone containing all __________ for me, and look at them when times get tough.

1.

A．conventional

B．innovative

C．negative

D．thorough

2.

A．terribly

B．hardly

C．aimlessly

D．accidentally

3.

A．gave

B．flooded

C．dropped

D．cut

4.

A．permitted

B．required

C．banned

D．pushed

5.

A．appreciated

B．impressed

C．represented

D．criticized

6.

A．long-lasting

B．well-meaning

C．ever-changing

D．self-fulfilling

7.

A．cautious

B．anxious

C．concerned

D．astonished

8.

A．restrict

B．stimulate

C．release

D．sponsor

9.

A．depression

B．confusion

C．satisfaction

D．embarrassment

10.

A．expressions

B．purposes

C．gestures

D．desires

11.

A．at the bottom of

B．at the expense of

C．on account of

D．on behalf of

12.

A．held back

B．brought up

C．taken in

D．turned down

13.

A．acceptance

B．target

C．refusal

D．admission

14.

A．complained

B．resolved

C．explained

D．pretended

15.

A．comprehension

B．submission

C．direction

D．recognition

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Holding fist is a form of ceremony originating from Chinese martial arts (武术). Traditionally, it is practiced by standing upright,     1     the body straight, holding the right fist tightly, straightening your left hand     2     (have) four fingers in a flat surface, wrapping the left four fingers together around the right fist and placing the two hands in front of your chest, without bringing the     3     (arm) up.

There are two traditional explanations for     4     practice. The left hand with its four fingers represents the four elements: virtue, wisdom, health, and art, all of     5     symbolize the spirit of martial arts. The left thumb (拇指) is slightly bent to imply that one should never be self-centered. Since the right hand is closed in a fist, it symbolizes attack; while the left hand, being virtuous and disciplined, stops the attack and symbolizes self-discipline and     6     (restrict).

The left hand symbolizes the five major lakes of China and the fist represents the four seas     7     (surround) the country. The two hands together show the unity of martial artists. This is exemplified in the saying “The people of the five lakes and four seas are all brothers”.

The holding fist can     8     (see) at every major Chinese event or festival, such as the Spring Festival. On festive occasions like weddings or birthday parties, guests can hold fist to express     9     (they) congratulations to the hosts. At farewell parties, people often hold fist while saying "Take care!" to one another.     10     (occasion), we hold fist to request forgiveness.

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was a Saturday morning as I prepared to take my eight-year-old son, David, to the aquarium. His eyes were widened with excitement, and he chattered non-stop about the sea creatures we would see, the sharks, the dolphins... We boarded the bus, and after a few stops, we made ourselves comfortably seated. David gazed out the window, watching the world go by with wonder.

The bus continued its route, and with each stop, it became increasingly crowded. Passengers of varying ages and backgrounds filled the seats. David and I were engaged in a light-hearted conversation about marine life, our anticipation and joy building with each passing minute.

As we approached a mid-route bus stop, an elderly lady boarded, her movements labored and her legs visibly unsteady. The bus was full, and for a moment, there was an obvious hesitation among the passengers, each perhaps weighing the social morals against their own comfort. The elderly lady seized her walking aid, swaying slightly with each lurch of the vehicle.

Noticing the elderly lady’s struggle, David made a decision. Without a moment’s hesitation, he rose from his seat. His small hand gestured towards the elderly lady. “You can sit here, ma'am,” he said, his voice clear and sincere. The elderly lady’s face transformed with a mixture of surprise and gratitude. “Oh, thank you, boy,” she said, her voice filling up with emotion. David then took her hand gently, helping her navigate through the crowd to the seat he had left for her. With the help of David, the lady eased herself into the seat, her relief evident. I felt pride welling up within me as I watched what David had done. Looking at David, who was standing now, I saw not just the playful child he was known to be, but the empathetic and considerate young man he was growing into.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

As the bus rolled on, it was filled with renewed warmth among the passengers.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That evening, as we returned home, I couldn’t help but reflect on the true treasure of the day.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . Pre-book Rome’s top local attractions with one easy solution for skip-the-line tours in Rome.

Highlights

◆The most flexible Rome sightseeing pass available — save 30% by booking together.

◆Three fully-guided priority-access tours to the most popular sites in Rome and Vatican (梵蒂冈).

Description

When in Rome, there are certain sites you simply cannot miss. Let’s face it. It’s not every day that you have a chance to explore iconic sites such as the Colosseum, Roman Forum, Trevi Fountain, Pantheon, and Sistine Chapel to name a few. Check them all off your wish list with one easy sightseeing pass!

What’s included

◆Our Vatican City experience is a hand-picked comprehensive journey including entry to the Vatican Museums, Sistine Chapel, St. Peter’s Basilica and the Papal Crypts beneath it. We will concentrate on the grand Sistine Chapel, from its construction to the finishing touches applied by none other than Michelangelo Buonarroti. Skip-the-line access is provided at the Vatican Museums and St. Peter’s Basilica.

◆Enter the Colosseum in the footsteps of gladiators (角斗士) and imagine what it feel alike to be at the thrilling scene. Wander at the ancient temples and ruins of the Roman Forum while learning about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. Skip-the-line access is provided at both the Colosseum and Roman Forum.

Cancellation policy

◆Tours depart rain or shine unless otherwise specified.

◆All cancellations must be received in emailing. Tours and passes will be refunded (退款) if canceled more than 24 hours before the tour start time. However, the following penalties (惩罚) apply:

For tours entering the Vatican Museums and/or the Colosseum, 30 dollars per person for each venue will not be returned.

No refunds will be made for cancellations with less than 24 hours notice or failure to arrive at the meeting point on time or to appear at all.

1. Which place do tourists have to line up to enter?

A．The Vatican Museums.	B．Sistine Chapel.
C．Roman Forum.	D．The Colosseum.

2. What can you do to avoid getting fined when you cancel the tour?

A．Email at least a day before it.

B．Be absent from the whole tour.

C．Call at least half a day before it.

D．Visit only the Vatican Museums.

3. What is the aim of the text?

A．To introduce a sightseeing schedule.

B．To inform visitors of safety measures.

C．To promote a Rome sightseeing ticket.

D．To explain how to cancel a sightseeing.

7 . 15 years ago, Andrew McLindon was riding his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friend’s son. The boy had ________ known the pleasure of biking because he suffered from a balance disturbance (平衡障碍).

When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and ________ a three-wheel recumbent bike, perfect for a child with balance problems. Soon the boy was ________ around the street with his friends, having ________ and getting exercise. But there was more, as McLindon noticed after doing this small act of ________. “I saw him interacting (互动) with other kids,” McLindon says. “I’ll never forget the ________ on his face.”

That smile led to the McLindon Family Foundation. The group works to ________ adaptive (有适应性的) bikes to children with special needs. The bikes are ________ and can cost thousands of dollars, a price out of reach for many families.

McLindon said the happiness of telling families they are getting this ________ is great as he remembered a(n) ________ he had with a mom telling her the foundation was giving her child a bike.

“She said ‘A bike for my child, a bike for my child.’ She couldn’t ________ it. The phone went ________ for two minutes… and when she came back, she was crying.” McLindon said. “After I hung up, I was just shouting. ‘Yes, yes.’ I was so ________ because that’s what I live for.”

For kids lucky enough to get an adaptive bike, it is a ________ changer.

“We worked with a 14-year-old who has spina bifida (脊柱裂),” said McLindon. “She spent most days watching TV. Soon after she ________ her bike, she was training for special-needs triathlons (三项全能运动).”

1.

A．almost

B．never

C．even

D．also

2.

A．changed

B．shared

C．remembered

D．found

3.

A．biking

B．walking

C．searching

D．talking

4.

A．success

B．luck

C．fun

D．support

5.

A．bravery

B．mindfulness

C．creation

D．kindness

6.

A．surprise

B．smile

C．fear

D．pain

7.

A．give

B．sell

C．borrow

D．introduce

8.

A．popular

B．common

C．expensive

D．different

9.

A．gift

B．prize

C．advice

D．idea

10.

A．meeting

B．interview

C．training

D．call

11.

A．accept

B．believe

C．forget

D．prove

12.

A．silent

B．busy

C．free

D．ready

13.

A．interested

B．sorry

C．excited

D．nervous

14.

A．tool

B．life

C．record

D．time

15.

A．suggested

B．repaired

C．got

D．returned

8 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does the woman think of the man’s suggestion at first?

A．Interesting.

B．Unreasonable.

C．Frightening.

2. What will the second robot do?

A．Put labels on the bottles.

B．Fill bottles with mixtures.

C．Pack the bottles into boxes.

3. What’s the advantage of the robots according to the man?

A．Causing no noise.

B．High efficiency.

C．Working tirelessly.

4. What might the man ask the workers to do?

A．Find new jobs.

B．Control the robots.

C．Fix the broken robots,

9 . When opening certain mobile apps, users often find disruptive (有干扰性的) open-app advertisements that impact their experience. Open-app advertisements are advertisements that appear in between contents or during transition screens, such as when an app is loading the next page. Some of these advertisements can redirect users to another app if the phone is shaken, causing a lot of frustration for consumers.

These open-app advertisements function as gateways and become more common during online shopping festivals, redirecting users to shopping platforms such as Taobao and JD. Most smartphones have a gyroscope sensor (陀螺仪传感器) to detect shaking, leading to unintentional redirection. Many users not only find it annoying to find themselves on an advertisements page, but also have trouble disabling the gyroscope feature since sometimes their phones lack the choice to do so to avoid this issue.

In response, authorities have introduced detailed regulations on shaking advertisements gateways. A regulation published in December 2022 outlines specific rules for the design of “shake-to-open” advertisements. It says that these advertisements can only be “clicked through” if the phone’s rotation angle exceeds 35 degrees, with an action time longer than three seconds.

Additionally, in February, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology emphasized that pop-up or open-app advertisements should not disrupt users’ experiences. A regulation introduced in May states that advertisements must include a clear button for users to close them.

Government enforcement of these regulations presents challenges, as the number of apps and developers is great. However, this should not be an excuse for internet platforms to break the rules, as this behavior causes far more harm than good. A survey by the Jiangsu Consumer Council showed that over 90 percent of users strongly dislike open-app advertisements, feeling that their rights are being threatened.

While these advertisements might lead to more clicks, the fact is that the advertisements may harm the credibility of the platforms that the advertisements lead to and weaken the users’ willingness to use the platforms. Platforms can achieve a mutually beneficial (互惠互利) solution only if they respect users’ choices and provide suitable advertisements that users are willing to accept.

1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about concerning open-app ads?

A．The benefits of open-app ads for online shopping platforms.

B．The lack of regulations governing traditional advertising methods.

C．The effectiveness of open-app ads in increasing users’ engagement.

D．The negative impact of disruptive open-app ads on users’ experience.

2. What was regulated in December 2022 about “shake-to-open” ads?

A．They can be clicked through without any restrictions.

B．They can only be clicked through on certain conditions.

C．They should have a clear button for users to close them.

D．They should appear for only three seconds on the screen.

3. How can platforms reach a win-win solution as mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．By ignoring users’ choices.

B．By respecting users’ preferences.

C．By presenting more irrelevant ads.

D．By flooding users with more profitable ads.

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．The Preferences of Shopping Platforms.

B．The Challenges of Online Shopping Festivals.

C．The Role of Advertisements in Improving Users’ Experience.

D．The Battle against Disruptive Advertisements on Mobile Apps.

10 . Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. There are 16 personalities in all, of which “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted”, respectively.

Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.

According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website.

Thinking on this, I may actually be the kind of person that these people are discussing. Most times, I just wish to make the atmosphere more interesting and exciting and show people that I’m easy to get along with. But deep down, I mostly enjoy being alone and quiet.

Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that a “P person” doesn’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’”. “Why?” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously.

The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person.

1. An “I person” tends to ________.

A．reflect on problems alone	B．enjoy gatherings with friends
C．be active in social situations	D．try to chat with complete strangers

2. Why does an “I person” act like an “E person” sometimes?

A．Because he/she wants to be like others.

B．Because he/she needs a sense of belonging.

C．Because he/she dislikes to embarrass others.

D．Because he/she is actually an “E person” deep inside.

3. What does the writer mean by saying “I went too far” in paragraph 5?

A．She pushed her sister too much.

B．She failed to help her sister follow her plan.

C．She believed blindly the result of the personality test.

D．She discouraged her sister to make a detailed travel plan.

4. What does the writer think about the MBTI?

A．It is supposed to be strictly followed.

B．It tells you everything about your personality.

C．It’s an interesting way to start a chat with a stranger.

D．It’s a reliable approach to telling what type of people a person belongs to.