1 . 阅读表达

Tears are good for your eyes. In fact, without them, your eyes wouldn’t even be able to move. Some people say tears help us in other ways, too. Maybe you know someone who likes to watch sad movies in order to “have a good cry”. It hasn’t been proven, but tears may be good not only for your eyes but also for your emotional health as well.

We generally only notice tears when we cry, but we have them in our eyes all the time. Tears affect how we see the world while at the same time protecting our eyes from it. Without this liquid covering them, our eyes would be at risk of infection. In addition, we need tears in order to see. The cornea (角膜) of the eye does not have a perfectly smooth surface. Tears fill in the holes in the cornea and make it smooth so that we can see clearly. Without tears, the world would look very strange to us.

There are three types of tears, and they are called basal, reflex, and emotional tears. These three types are different not only in purpose but also in composition.

Tom Lutz, the author of Crying: The Natural and Cultural History of Tears, writes, “Throughout history, and in every culture, ... everyone everywhere cries at some time.” Even men and women who say they never cry can usually remember crying as children. Most of us probably think it’s normal for men or women to cry at certain times, and at such times, we may even encourage them to cry. For example, it’s no surprise when someone cries during a sad movie, and we often expect people to cry when a family member dies. However, we don’t always take this view of tears. Sometimes adults who cry — or even children who do — lose the respect of others. For example, what would you think of an adult who cried over losing a card game? Most people are aware of the social rules about when, where, and why it’s OK to cry. These rules generally differ for children and adults, and often for men and women. They depend on things such as family, culture, and religion, and they change over time.

Some people think it’s not just OK to cry but actually healthy to let the tears flow. Doctors in Greece over 2,500 years ago thought that tears came from the brain and that everyone needed to let them out. Today, many people still believe in getting tears out. They say that through crying, we get rid of emotions we have stored up, which is good for our mental health. Some people report that they feel better after crying. This could be because of the chemicals in emotional tears. One chemical is a type of endorphin, a painkiller that the body naturally produces. Emotional tears increase the amount of endorphin that gets to the brain because tears flow from the eye into the nose and pass to the brain that way. This painkiller may make a person less aware of sad or angry feelings, and that could explain why someone feels better after “a good cry”.

1. When do we have tears in our eyes?
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2. How do tears help us see clearly?
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3. How many kinds of tears do we have?
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4. Please list at least two things that are related to the social rules of crying.
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5. In which country did doctors over 2,500 years ago believe that tears came from the brain?
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2 .

Over eight million people live in London and it has about 26 million visitors each year. So what can you see in three days? Here are some must-see places.

DAY 1

THE RIVER THAMES is the heart of the city. There are 104 bridges—London Bridge and Tower Bridge are the most famous. Cross the new Millennium Bridge on foot. It’s London’s first bridge in 100 years.

SHAKESPEARE’S GLOBE THEATER was built in 1997! (A) In the summer you can see plays there. (B) You can shout during a performance just like in Shakespeare’s time! (C) Shakespeare is one of the greatest writers in the world. (D)Take an umbrella—there’s no roof!

TATE MODERN is the world’s largest modern art gallery. Located in an old power station, it’s a fantastic place to visit. However, don’t miss the British Museum with its collection of over 8 million objects. Follow the museum’s three-hour guide of the highlights.

DAY 2

THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT and BIG BEN are London’s landmarks, so don’t forget your camera. You can go inside and watch the politicians in the two chambers (会议厅) — the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Big Ben, which has four faces, sits at the top of the clock tower in the Houses of the Parliament. So no matter where you stand, you can read the face of the clock.

The King’s or the Queen’s official London home is BUCKINGHAM PALACE. It’s got 775 rooms! About 50,000 guests a year come to parties and events-sorry, invitation only! But you can see the Changing of the Guard.

THE LONDON EYE is the world’s largest sightseeing wheel and the most popular UK tourist attraction with about 3.5 million visitors a year. You can often see distances of 40 kilometers.

DAY 3

London’s cathedral, ST PAUL’S is 108 meters tall and over 300 years old. The entrance ticket isn’t cheap, but the cathedral is impressive, and the dome has got amazing views. At 309 meters tall, the new Shard building is the second tallest building in Europe. You can’t miss it!

Where’s the best place to go when it’s sunny or to relax? One of London’s many large parks such as HYDE PARK, KENSINGTON GARDENS or REGENT’S PARK. There isn’t time for LONDON ZOO, but it’s in Regent’s Park.

The best place for shopping is CAMDEN MARKET. You can find vintage (优质的) clothes, jewelry, great food and all sorts of things. Or go to Harrod’s, the world-famous department store. It’s got over 330different departments and an unbelievable Food Hall.

1. When was Shakespeare’s Globe Theater built?

A．In 1699.

B．In 1837.

C．In 1997.

D．In 2000.

2. Where is Tate Modern located?

A．On the bank of the River Thames.	B．In an old power station.
C．On Tower Bridge.	D．In Regent’s Park.

3. What kind of people work in the Houses of Parliament?

A．Businessmen.

B．Scholars.

C．Police officers.

D．Politicians.

4. Which of the following statements IS NOT TRUE?

A．The Millennium Bridge is the first bridge on the River Thames.

B．You can only attend the King’s or the Queen’s parties with an invitation.

C．St. Paul’s Cathedral in London is over 300 years old.

D．For many people Camden Market is the best shopping place in London.

5. There are four sentences marked A, B, C and D in the passage. Please choose the one which is not closely related to the main idea of the section.

A．In the summer you can see plays there.

B．You can shout during a performance just like in Shakespeare’s time!

C．Shakespeare is one of the greatest writers in the world.

D．Take an umbrella—there’s no roof!

3 . Nowadays, with the improvement of people’s living standards, there are more and more teenagers having the problem of obesity (过度肥胖). It becomes a concern to society. What should we do to deal with it? Please write a composition in not fewer than 110 words to express your opinion.

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4 . 下面篇章中共有10处错误, 错误涉及缺词、多词与错词三种。请根据以下要求修改文中出现的错误:
缺词: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^), 并写出该词;
多词: 把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉;
错词: 在错词下划一横线, 并写出改正后的词。(答案写在答题纸上)

例如: One of my favorite writers are Charlotte Bronte. She was born in the early nineteenth is century when women had far fewer opportunities ^ they have now. She lived in a than small village in Yorkshire and she took great pleasure in walking on the moors where near her home.

A concert violinist went to New York City to play at Carnegie Hall. It was his one visit to the city, so he got lost on the way from his hotel to the concert. After wandering up or down several streets, he decided to ask for directions. “Excuse me,” he said to a woman on the corner. “How do I get to Carnegie Hall?” The woman looked at the man hold his violin case and answered, “Practice, practice, practice.”

In this old joke, “get to Carnegie Hall” has two meanings: (1) arrive at the building called Carnegie Hall; (2) reach the top of the music profession, symbolized by Carnegie Hall. To perform at Carnegie Hall is a honor for any musician. It’s the highlight of his or her career. It true takes a lot of practice and hard work to be good enough to play at Carnegie Hall.

Carnegie Hall was built by Andrew Carnegie, one of the richest men of his time. It opened in May of 1891. It’s famous for its superb acoustics (音响设计), which make it a wonderful place to both perform and listen to music-all type of music. The famous Russian composer Tchaikovsky played there, and so do the Beatles.

Since the opening night over 100 years ago, many prominent classical, jazz, and pop musicians performed at Carnegie Hall. No matter what they arrived on the night of their performances such as by subway, taxi, or on foot, they all got to there by dedication to their art, talent-and practice, practice, practice.

5 . Which of these shapes cannot be drawn without taking the pen off the paper or retracing (折回) your steps?

A．

B．

C．

D．

E．

6 . Please translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese or English. 请将下面篇章中的划线句子译成汉语或英语。想象一下在太平洋的巨浪里游4公里是什么样子的。 ________________Do you think you’d feel tired? How about a 180-kilometer road race on a bicycle in the heat of Hawaii? Tired again? 82. Then what about running a marathon in the same conditions? ________________What? Still tired? Now think what it feels like to do the swim, the bike race, and the marathon “back to back”, with no breaks in between, against the toughest and fittest athletes in the world. 如果你想知道这样一个竞赛是否存在, 让我告诉你——它的确存在。 ________________In an event that lasts at least nine hours, 1,500 competitors compete for the title: Ironman. Ironman is a version of the new sport of triathlon (三项全能运动) —a combination of swimming, cycling, and running that is rapidly growing in popularity. 第一届铁人竞赛是由美国人约翰·柯林斯 (John Collins) 在1977年想出来的。 ____________________In a Hawaiian beach bar, a group of friends were debating which of the local sporting events was the toughest, the four-kilometer swim, the 180-kilometer bike race, or the 42-kilometer marathon? ________________They couldn’t reach an agreement and so to settle the argument Collins suggested the unbelievable: why not try to do them all, one after another, on the same day? And so the Hawaiian Ironman triathlon, as the new event was known, was born.

7 . 请根据诗歌内容完成摘要。每空不超过三个词。

Creativity Is the Mother of Invention By Sha Azam Siddiqui

The world in which we live in This beautiful place which we belong to It’s so beautiful and so colorful But we always lack to see beauty of it and we continue to live the life which is so regretful This is the one life we have We have to live it to the fullest Not with happenings or desires of others But with the intention which truly inspires us. We have to live this life We have to create this life

This life is ours and only ours We need to realize this first It’s said that creativity is the mother of invention But it depends solely on individual intention If we are clear with our own destination It doesn’t matter then how much we get rejection Live this life as if you were the King Spend the luxuries as if you were the Queen It all starts with the only Intention If we just keep on thinking Then there is no end for this perspiration.

Creativity is the key to a bright future. We live in a     1     world. But we always tend to ignore the beauty of it and thus have many regrets in our lives. We only live     2    , so we have to live a fullest one. This life is ours, so we have to live and     3     it. We need to realize this first. Creativity is the mother of invention that depends on individual intention. If we have     4    , then the rejections we get would not be a problem. Bear this only intention in our mind and keep on thinking, and there will be     5     for this perspiration.

8 . Not only does Linda Greenlaw do one of the most dangerous jobs in the world, but she also does it extremely well. She has been described as “one of the best captains on the entire East coast”.     1    

Linda was born and brought up on Isle au Haut, a tiny island ten kilometers off the coast of Maine, the USA. She fell in love with fishing as a child, and she worked on fishing boats during her summer breaks from college.     2     Alden Leeman, a man she’d never met before, hired her for thirty days on his swordfishing (捕箭鱼的) boat. The trip was a success and eventually Alden offered Linda her first boat to captain in 1986, which probably made her the only woman ever to captain a swordfishing boat.

    3     Linda says that not only does she like the way she feels on a boat, but she also gets passionate about catching a fish. More than anything, she’s proud of being a fisherman, even more than she is of being a best-selling author.

Linda has published four books to date.     4     In it, Linda tells the story of one fishing trip and describes the adventures she experienced on board with her five-man crew, including bad weather, sickness. mechanical problems and, of course, the fish.

But the world of fish and fishing is a man’s world.     5     In her own words, she says: “I am a woman. I am a fisherman. I am not a ‘fisherwoman’, ‘fisherlady’ or ‘fishergirl’.”

A．So why did she take up swordfishing in the first place?

B．And it’s not easy to find a word to describe Linda Greenlaw.

C．Before becoming a writer, she was the captain of a swordboat.

D．And that, in one of the leading countries in the fishing industry, is praise indeed.

E．Her first opportunity to go on a deep-sea fishing trip came when she was nineteen.

F．The swordfish is a very large fish that has a long swondlike beak formed by the bones of the upper jaw.

G．The first one, The Hungry Ocean, was top of the New York bestseller list for three months.

9 . 请阅读下面的篇章, 用以下三种形式中的一种填空: ①根据上下文填空; ②用所给单词的正确形式填空; ③根据单词所给的字母填空, 每空一词。

Science fiction doesn’t always get the respect it deserves. My friend Ryan calls    1     “brain candy”. My sister says science fiction novels are fairy tales for teenagers. I    2     you ask me, I think people should take science fiction     3     (serious) though it’s so much fun to read.

Yes, science fiction is fun, but it’s also “real” literature. After all, some of     4     great masters of literature—Ray Bradbury, Isaac Asimov and Ursula Le Guin—have written science fiction.

Not only     5     science fiction books often examples of great literature, but the predictions made by science fiction writers help spark people’s imagination and lay the groundwork for       6     (invent) of the future.

One accurate example by a science fiction writer is the invention of the automatic sliding door,       7     H.G. Wells wrote about in When the Sleeper Wakes in 1899. The f    8     automatic doors were invented in 1954. I wonder if the inventors got the idea from H.G. Wells?

Okay, so maybe we could survive without automatic doors, but in the short story From the London Times of 1904 (published in 1898), Mark Twain described a m    9     significant invention — the Internet (specifically, video blogging) ! Imagine what the world       10     (will) be like without the Internet. Thank you, Mr. Twain. Thank you, science fiction!

10 . 请阅读下面的篇章, 并根据其内容提示, 从方框中所给的8 个词语中选出5个, 并用其正确形式填空。

add, as well as, apply, be composed of, locate, divide into, continue, subscribe to

The    1     of Mogao Grottoes on the Silk Road was not only a transfer station of east-west trade but also an inter-section (交汇点) where oriental and western religions, cultures and knowledge met. Mogao Grottoes, also known as “Thousand Buddha Grottoes”, were first built in 366 A.D., the second year of the Jianyuan Period of the Former Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms, or 1,656 years ago. The grottoes were    2     built for around 1,000 years across 11 dynasties or periods. Spanning a distance of 1,600-plus meters, the grottoes     3     736 caves.

Mogao Grottoes are among the Four Greatest Grottoes of China     4     the largest and best-preserved treasure house of Buddhist culture and arts in the world. Due to its brilliance in ancient culture, Mogao Grottoes were     5     to the World Cultural Heritage list by the UNESCO in 1987.