1 . Qi Haoran, a Junior One student, was quite busy over the past winter vacation – and not just with homework. Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (光盘行动).

The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food. “Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven’t got enough to eat? Could you please not waste food?” They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.

The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January. It calls on people to reduce food waste.

China in these years had serious problems with wasted food. CCTV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all their food.

Luckily the campaign has got the support of many. In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner gives the guests who have eaten up all that they ordered a sticker. People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers. More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers(吃剩的食物) home.

To reduce food waste is a big task, and it needs time. It’s important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi. Did you finish your meals today?

1. What did the 11 students do in the winter vacation?

A．They opened a restaurant together.

B．They volunteered for a campaign.

C．The helped each other with homework.

D．They collected money from customers in restaurants.

2. What does the underlined part “call on” mean in Chinese in the passage?

A．打电话

B．叫喊

C．拜访

D．号召

3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5?

A．Wasting food is a serious problem in China.

B．Chinese people waste the most food in the world.

C．Chinese people want to show off because they are rich.

D．Most Chinese people are afraid of losing face at the table.

4. What did the restaurant in Beijing do to support the campaign?

A．It encouraged customers to take leftovers home.

B．It gave stickers to the guests who ordered small dishes.

C．The owner would have dinner with those who had eaten up their food.

D．It offered a free meal to the guests who had finished all their food ten times.

2 . These days, it's not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks. It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.

What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia （怀旧之情）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.

Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen. Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults. Lego, for example, has brought out an architectural series featuring landmarks from around the world.

Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly （异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. On a grander scale, these kidult opponents （对手）argue that such delayed adulthood causes couples to marry later and have fewer children. This in turn can lead to shrinking national economies, for there needs to be a generational replenishment （补充）of the workforce.

From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.

Whether the kidult phenomenon will continue to grow or prove to be a passing trend is anyone's guess. As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.

1. What does the kidult phenomenon refer to?

A．Adults act like children.

B．Adults have child-like tastes.

C．Adults go in for collecting toys.

D．Adults like playing with children.

2. Which of the following might cause the emergence of kidults?

A．Different living conditions.

B．More choices about toys.

C．High pressure of modern life.

D．Good memories of childhood.

3. What does the underlined word “exploit” probably mean?

A．Get used to.

B．Look forward to.

C．Take advantage of.

D．Make way for.

4. How does the text deal with the debate about kidults?

A．By strongly opposing kidult opponents.

B．By convincing readers to accept kidults.

C．By refusing to take a stand on the issue.

D．By presenting both sides of the argument.

5. What can we infer about the author's attitude towards the phenomenon from the last paragraph?

A．Doubtful.	B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.	D．Uncaring.

3 . Anger is good for you, as long as you control it, according to new psychology research. A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier.

“Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger,” said Jennifer Lerner of Carnegie Mellon. “The more people display anger, the lower their stress responses.”

Lerner studied 92 UCLA students by asking them to count back from 6,200. They must say out loud every thirteenth number. Researchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questions. If they made any mistakes, they had to restart from the very beginning. Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry.

Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the test. The researchers describe their reactions as fear, anger and disgust.

Other researchers recorded the students’ blood pressure, pulse and production of a high-stress hormone (荷尔蒙) called cortisol. People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone. Both can have lasting effects such as diabetes (糖尿病), heart disease, depression and extra weight gain.

When people feel fear, negative impacts increase, but when they get angry, those negatives go down, according to the study.

“Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening (令人发狂的) situation,” Lerner said.

Lerner previously studied Americans’ emotional response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks two months after the incident. She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic. These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event. So in maddening situations, anger is not a bad thing to have. It’s a healthier response than fear.

1. What is the story mainly about?

A．The findings of new psychology research.

B．What you can do with anger in certain cases.

C．Different effects produced by anger and fear.

D．Healthier responses in maddening situations.

2. Which statement will Jennifer Lerner agree with?

A．It’s better to be angry than to be frightened.

B．Different reactions reflect different outlooks on life.

C．Don’t control your anger and it makes you powerful.

D．Pessimistic people are generally healthier than optimistic people.

3. What does the underlined word “both” refer to according to the passage?

A．Fear and anger.	B．Blood pressure and pulse.
C．Blood pressure and cortisol.	D．Higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone.

4. In what ways can anger be beneficial to people?

A．By showing their optimistic side.	B．By reducing their stress.
C．By reducing high blood pressure.	D．By taking the place of fear.

5. The researchers irritated (激怒) the students by __________.

A．recording their performance secretly

B．asking them to count to 6,200 again and again

C．disturbing them and making them start all over again

D．criticizing them when they made mistakes

4 . The moon may shine white above us most nights of the year, but how much do we know about Earth’s neighbor and what lies beneath its surface? Scientists are aiming to find out.

On Jan 3, 2019, China’s Change 4 spacecraft landed on the far side of the moon a first for humanity. It released a small probe（探测器）,Yutu 2, or Jade Rabbit 2, which began to search beneath the moon’s surface using Lunar Penetrating Radar（探测雷达）. These radio signals can reach 40 meters underground, three times the depth of the Chang’e 3 lunar probe launched in 2013 for the near side of the moon, China Daily reported.

In a study published in the journal Science Advances, researchers found that the lunar soil’s top layer on the far side of the moon was much thicker than expected ﹣ about 40 meters. Other scientists only expected about 6 millimeters of soil based on NASA observations during the Apollo moon landings, according to The New York Times.

“It’s a fine, dusty, sandy environment, said one of the authors of the study, Elena Pettinelli, a physics and mathematics professor at Rome Tre University, Rome.

Yutu 2 is specifically exploring the Von Karman crater（大坑）,a large hole that’s 180kilometers wide and also the landing site of Chang’e 4. It’s part of an even larger, older crater spanning more than 1,770 kilometers.

“The subsurface at the Chang’e 4 landing site is very complex,” said Li Chunlai, a research professor and deputy director﹣general of National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Observations suggest that the subsurface material is totally different than the previous landing site of Chang’e 3, she said.

Radar waves revealed various layers beneath the moon’s surface: grainy（ 颗粒状的）material, boulders（岩石）,and further layers of fine and coarse（粗糙的）particles. This information is helping scientists to gain new understanding of the moon’s history and formation, as well as volcanic activity and lunar impacts.

Yutu 2 is the longest﹣working rover（巡视器）on the moon, but it won’t last forever. China plans to launch the Chang’e 5 probe later this year, Xinhua News Agency reported. The spacecraft is expected to bring pieces of the moon back to Earth for closer study.

1. What can we learn about the Chang’e 4 probe?

A．It was the first to land on the moon’s near side.

B．It explored areas as wide as 1,770 kilometers.

C．Its signals could reach 40 meters beneath the moon’s surface.

D．It is three times as large as the Change 3 lunar probe.

2. What does the lunar soil’s top layer on the moon’s far side look like, according to the text?

A．It looks like a large hole.

B．It is about 6 millimeters thick.

C．It goes farther down than expected.

D．It is covered by boulders and fine and coarse particles.

3. According to the passage, why is the Chang’e 4 probe exploration is important?

A．It observed material beneath the moon’s surface which is helping scientists to know the moon better.

B．It has offered us relevant information on the near side of the moon.

C．It told scientists the landing site is very complex.

D．It revealed the surface material on the moon which is helpful to know the moon’s activity and impact.

4. What is the Chang’e 5 probe expected to do?

A．Explore the Von Karman crater.

B．Replace Yutu 2 to explore the moon.

C．Identify the moon’s various layers.

D．Bring lunar samples back to the Earth.

5. What is the text mainly about?

A．A history of Chinese lunar missions.

B．How Yutu 2 explored beneath the moon’s surface.

C．report on the Chang’e 4 probe’s findings.

D．A comparison of the Change 3 and 4 probes.

5 . During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this “open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced（测定序列）the DNA of the virus. But they didn’t keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, pharmaceutical（制药的）companies across the globe are now able to work simultaneously to develop a vaccine. “There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,”Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera.“The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient（有适应力的）well be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future. ”

Major drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, s found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more crucial in the future. With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent, Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated（合作的）approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics（疗法）very rapidly.

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming（补偿的）factor of the COVID﹣19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1. What does the article mainly talk about?

A．Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.

B．The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

C．Something positive we’ve learned from the epidemic.

D．What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2. What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?

A．They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.

B．They helped remove people’s fear of the virus.

C．They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.

D．They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.

3. What does the underlined phrase“work simultaneously” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．work at the same time.

B．work effectively

C．work continuously

D．work happily

4. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning remdesivir in the text?

A．To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B．To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries.

C．To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

D．To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

5. Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A．The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.

B．Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.

C．No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D．The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.