人与社会练习题及答案-福建高中英语开学考试-组卷网

书信写作-其他应用文 | 较易(0.85) |

闲暇活动友谊

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1 . 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Tom约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.另约时间。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

2022-03-04更新 | 143次组卷 | 11卷引用：福建省尤溪县第一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期核心素养能力测试英语试题

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21-22高一下·福建厦门·开学考试

语法填空-短文语填(约150词) | 适中(0.65) |

中国文化与节日新北京冬奥会

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文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了2022年北京冬奥会的官方吉祥物“冰墩墩”的创作经过。

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Bing Dwen Dwen, a panda in an ice shell 1 (choose) as the official mascot for the Beijing2022 Winter Games back in 2019.

According to Cao Xue, the chief designer of Bing Dwen Dwen, the idea first came from a traditional Chinese snack bingtanghulu — fruit 2 (coat) in syrup (糖浆), which turned into the ice shell in his design. Later, Cao’s team decided to incorporate (结合) an animal or plant, finally 3 (settle) on a panda. “What else can 4 (well) represent China than our national treasure? ” said Cao. “We don’t need to explain anything to have it understood across different cultures.” 5 , there were already too many cartoon 6 (image) of pandas out there so the mascot needed to be 7 (total) unique and innovative. They visited Wolong Sichuan, to look for 8 (inspire). Cao then decided that it should be a baby panda 9 determined the body proportions (比例) of Bing Dwen Dwen — its body is of the same length 10 its head.

2022-02-24更新 | 243次组卷 | 2卷引用：福建省厦门市第一中学2021-2022学年高一下学期开学适应性练习英语试题

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21-22高一下·福建厦门·开学考试

语法填空-短文语填(约60词) | 适中(0.65) |

家人和亲人旅游观光

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文章大意：这是一篇应用文。信中作者讲述了在埃及旅游中所做的事。

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi Mum and Dad!

Well, here we are in Cairo at last. This morning, we explored an old market area. It was very atmospheric and filled with lots of interesting things. I 1 (buy) a beautiful necklace for you. Mum—it looks just like one 2 Queen Cleopatra would have worn! Anyway, we’re going out to eat some more of Egypt’s national dish now.

2022-02-24更新 | 86次组卷 | 1卷引用：福建省厦门市第一中学2021-2022学年高一下学期开学适应性练习英语试题

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22-23高二上·浙江宁波·期末

完形填空(约320词) | 较难(0.4) |

人与动植物记叙文善行义举（个人）

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4 . When Deborah hiked cycling to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in New York last November, she _________ a female mute swan near the water’s edge. Deborah, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehab (康复) center, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she _________ this one, it didn’t move.

She was certain that the bird needed _________ attention. Deborah covered her jacket over the bird’s head, _________ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then a thought _________ her: What should I do now?

Her best choice was the rehab center, _________ that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to _________ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some confused strangers driving by offered them a(n) _________ to a nearby subway station.

On the subway, no one seemed particularly disturbed by the _________ passenger. “One guy,” says Deborah, “was sitting right in front of me on his __________. I don’t know if he noticed the swan before him when talking with the person on the other end.”

Deborah called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, __________ her up at the subway station and drove the bird, the bike, and the __________ to the center. There, staff members determined the swan might have lead (铅) poisoning, caused by __________ weights on fishing lines.

The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet (蹼足). The swan even made a __________ at the center—another injured swan. __________, even with all that TLC (tender loving care), the swan had a bacterial infection. Two months __________ Deborah came to her rescue, she passed away early this January.

It’s a(n) __________ ending, but the real story is just __________ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city—literally. In all, Deborah traveled two hours by foot, __________, and subway (while hauling her bike). Higginbotham says, “That’s the perfect __________ of who she is.”

1.

A．spotted

B．founded

C．witnessed

D．observed

2.

A．attacked

B．stoned

C．hugged

D．approached

3.

A．emotional

B．psychological

C．medical

D．mental

4.

A．hurriedly

B．cautiously

C．curiously

D．instantly

5.

A．knocked

B．arrived

C．occurred

D．struck

6.

A．while

B．but

C．as

D．for

7.

A．transfer

B．transform

C．transmit

D．transport

8.

A．tour

B．trip

C．lift

D．elevator

9.

A．ordinary

B．feathered

C．poisoned

D．fierce

10.

A．phone

B．way

C．screen

D．seat

11.

A．picked

B．looked

C．put

D．called

12.

A．passenger

B．driver

C．swan

D．rescuer

13.

A．smelling

B．digesting

C．swallowing

D．absorbing

14.

A．pair

B．couple

C．boyfriend

D．girlfriend

15.

A．Sadly

B．Apparently

C．Accidentally

D．Fortunately

16.

A．until

B．since

C．before

D．after

17.

A．disappointing

B．disturbing

C．inspiring

D．bothering

18.

A．how long

B．how far

C．how often

D．how much

19.

A．bike

B．car

C．bus

D．tube

20.

A．assumption

B．conclusion

C．summary

D．combination

2022-01-23更新 | 349次组卷 | 4卷引用：福建省厦门市第一中学2021-2022学年高一下学期开学适应性练习英语试题

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21-22高二上·福建三明·开学考试

阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中(0.65) |

公益活动（组织机构）说明文

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5 . Pret A Manger looks like any traditional London sandwich shop. It features freshly prepared sandwiches, salads and coffee. But it is not your usual restaurant; it is a food shop with a mission. The company has been giving unsold food daily to the homeless since the first shop opened in 1986. It started small with just a handful of sandwiches but has grown to over three million meals across the UK every year.

Pret A Manger also has a Rising Star Program. For those with a bad record or without a home address, it's tough to find a good job and have a fresh start. Since 2008, the program has opened the door to over 500 people, offering jobs in local Pret shops. The program takes on 40 rising stars every year and so far has helped 462 people and has an 80 percent success rate since it began.

This project is managed by The Pret Foundation, an international charity that was founded to help the homeless and is funded by private donations and the sale of the shop's products. "When we set up The Pret Foundation, we want to break the cycle of homelessness so that the homeless can live on their own and no longer lead a poor life. To do that, we believe that people need three things: food, work and a place to live, " said CEO Clive Schlee.

Now Pret is doing even more for the homeless. It has partnered the West London Mission to open a new home for the homeless. The home can hold up to 13 people at a time who will live there for 6-12 months before moving into a privately rented home. The program provides more than just a place to live, and the participants will also get expert advice to help them know how to live off the streets. Each of them will be offered guidance on necessary skills like opening a bank account, reading and writing, and computer skills.

1. What is special about Pret A Manger?

A．It has a pretty long history.

B．It offers free food regularly.

C．It provides free and quality customer service.

D．It presents customers with various healthy food choices.

2. What does the Rising Star Program focus on?

A．Raising money for the needy.

B．Helping small businesses grow big.

C．Giving away wasted food to the poor.

D．Providing work chances for people in difficulty.

3. Why was The Pret Foundation set up?

A．To open more coffee shops worldwide.

B．To advertise Pret A Manger's products.

C．To improve the living conditions of the homeless.

D．To make more young people join in volunteer work.

4. What is the extra benefit for the people living in the Pret home?

A．They are to learn some life skills.

B．They can live there as long as possible.

C．They will get their own houses for free.

D．They will gain knowledge of building houses.

2021-09-12更新 | 74次组卷 | 2卷引用：福建省三明第一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

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20-21高一下·吉林白城·阶段练习

语法填空-短文语填(约170词) | 适中(0.65) |

信息安全网络的利弊

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6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

It's estimated that two-thirds of people online have had their personal information 1 (steal).

Faced with such a range of 2 (threat), it's easy to focus on technology investment. Firewalls, anti-virus protection and every other kind of technology can be threatened as well. That's not to say that 3 (invest) in IT security isn't important. But the cybersecurity (网络安全) threat needs individuals 4 have skills, talent and experience 5 (bad). Indeed, there will be a global shortfall of 3. 5 million cybersecurity jobs by 2021.

Only with people power can we win the online security war. Here 6 (be) the main reasons and methods.

First of all, it is important to improve the security 7 (aware). Security is becoming important, with organizations starting to understand the big role that individual employees must play.

Secondly, pay attention 8 grassroots education. As we face a significant skill shortage in the future, 9 is of great importance that together we help create the next generation of cyber defenders now.

Thirdly, encouraging skilled staff also matters. Most organizations have concerns about security skills, and two-thirds have trouble 10 (encourage) the security staff they have.

2021-08-13更新 | 66次组卷 | 2卷引用：福建省宁化第一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

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20-21高一上·福建泉州·开学考试

阅读理解-阅读单选(约280词) | 适中(0.65) |

科学技术说明文

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7 . Artificial intelligence (AI) （人工智能）is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with the name "artificial intelligence" in 1955. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as we do.

An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs that can learn, solve problems, and think logically（逻辑地）. At present we use the term Al for successfully understanding human speech, recognizing（识别）human faces, operating self-driving cars and competing in some game systems like Chess and AlphGo（阿尔法狗）. Some people also consider AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. Professor Stephen Hawking, a well-known British scientist, was not for this kind of technology.

Math is the basic language of AI. If we raise the standard in the learning of math, our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future. We not only want bright students, but also need to attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them into AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.

Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this fascinating field.

1. From Paragraph 1, we know that_________.

A．all problems can be solved by AI	B．machines with AI can think and learn
C．AI has been around for only 60 years.	D．AI works in the same way as humans

2. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to（指的是）_________.

A．Chess

B．AlphaGo

C．the danger

D．AI

3. According to the writer and the following school report, which student will most probably become a successful AI designer?

School Report

Subject/Name	Math(100)	Art(100)	Computer(100)
Mike	60	95	95
Peter	95	65	90
Amy	65	90	95
Cathy	95	95	60

A．Mike.

B．Peter.

C．Amy.

D．Cathy.

4. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists’ ________ about AI.

A．wishes

B．worries

C．feelings

D．discoveries

2021-08-06更新 | 95次组卷 | 2卷引用：福建省泉州市第一中学2021-2022学年高一上学期开学测试英语试题

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20-21高三下·福建福州·开学考试

语法填空-短文语填(约170词) | 适中(0.65) |

个人保健科普知识

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8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a study published in the UK recently, those 1 like jogging and do this kind of exercise 2 (regular) for at least one hour a week have very high chances to live a longer life. The study's Danish researchers 3 (convince) that choosing this kind of physical activity can reward us 4 5 to 6 more years of life! Moreover, to achieve better results, the researchers suggest 5 (limit) yourself to gentle jogging rather than fast-pace and tiring distance running. They found that the 6 (benefit) of jogging are maximized when done at 7 average or even slow pace, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to gain success, regardless of your age or 8 (healthy) condition.

The scientists analyzed the data on about 20,000 people aged between 20 and 93, 9 (collect) for over 35 years by the Copenhagen City Heart Study. According to Dr. Peter Schnohr, the leader researcher, jogging is associated with as much as a 44 percent 10 (low) risk of death. The life expectancy increase in men is as much as 6.2 years, and for women it is as much as 5.6 years.

2021-03-23更新 | 105次组卷 | 1卷引用：福建省福州一中2021届高三下学期开学考试英语试题

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20-21高三下·福建福州·开学考试

阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |

庆祝活动外国文化与节日说明文直接理解逻辑推理

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9 . Ostara, upon which Easter is based, is the Pagan celebration of the vernal equinox (春分).

The holiday is named after Eostre, a spring goddess of the Germanic tradition. There isn’t much written record of Eostre, and it is thought she was worshiped by tribes who used oral tradition rather than written words to record history. Eostre was a symbol of fertility—she may have been the original source of the association of eggs with springtime celebrations. She may also be responsible for the Easter rabbit—the spring equinox was a time when hares would come out and mate. A female hare can even conceive (受孕) while pregnant with another one—this remarkable fertility became a symbol of the season. Therefore, we get “Eostre rabbits” in the spring.

Growth and awakening are important parts of Ostara celebrations. Because the day marks the coming of the planting season, modern Pagans store seeds to later transfer outdoors after frost has disappeared. Caring for the seedling is like worshiping the goddess. Besides, drawings replace the pretty colors of new flowers.

For Pagans, Ostara is a time for spiritual awakening and rebirth. Walking meditation is a common practice and special attention is paid to the signs of nature coming back to life. New beginnings are coming, and there is much soul-searching and clearing away negative energy. This spiritual cleaning is also reflected in the practice of spring cleaning.

Whether you’re Pagan or not, you might have noticed many of your own springtime celebrations in Ostara celebrations, and there’s a reason why Pagan customs have been practiced pretty much in the same way because so much of it is simply human nature. Who could resist a springtime walk in a forest? Is there anyone who isn’t inspired by nature’s annual new beginning? So whatever your own tradition, honor the season with a spiritual cleaning and rebirth—to make room for beautiful things to come.

1. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Ostara has a longer history than Easter.

B．Only Pagan celebrate Ostara nowadays.

C．Ostara is a celebration intended for females.

D．Most Ostara celebrations are not held outdoors.

2. What do you think is not an important part of Ostara celebrations according to the passage?

A．Growth.	B．Drawings.
C．Flowers.	D．Spiritual awakening.

3. What is the similarity between walking meditation and spring cleaning?

A．They can help to clean people’s spirit.

B．They are in need of some special attention.

C．It is common to hold the activities worldwide.

D．Written record of them is not talked about a lot.

4. Why do our own springtime celebrations have so much in common with many Ostara celebrations?

A．They have the same origin and history.

B．It is human nature to pursue beautiful things.

C．Pagan customs have been spread to the world.

D．Pagans are good at learning from other cultures.

2021-03-23更新 | 64次组卷 | 1卷引用：福建省福州一中2021届高三下学期开学考试英语试题

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20-21高三下·福建福州·开学考试

完形填空(约210词) | 适中(0.65) |

故事哲理感悟夹叙夹议

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10 . Sitting in my school cafeteria, I looked around, slowly taking in everything. Student after student passed my _________ carrying that day’s lunch, but if you looked deeper, there was more to _________. There was more than just the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their hair. There was a lot more hidden under the _________.

Catching the eye of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table, I waved _________. She smiled weakly and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in front of her. If I hadn’t _________ recently that her mother was dying of leukemia, I would have never _________ anything was wrong and I may not have been as _________ and sympathetic, either. It suddenly _________ me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story.

I have an incurable lung disease. No one at our school knows—I don’t show any noticeable _________ except for a few coughs. I go about my day like any other kid, __________ with the realization that I have a __________ and terrifying future.

Before that day when I decided to __________ the world with a new perspective, I __________ myself almost every day. I thought only about myself and my heavy __________. But I’ve now realized no one is __________—we just need to accept the way we are.

1.

A．order

B．room

C．table

D．cafeteria

2.

A．imagine

B．compare

C．observe

D．exchange

3.

A．uniform

B．rules

C．circumstances

D．surface

4.

A．politely

B．wildly

C．coldly

D．impatiently

5.

A．found

B．noticed

C．heard

D．decided

6.

A．remembered

B．suspected

C．predicted

D．regretted

7.

A．willing

B．outstanding

C．understanding

D．demanding

8.

A．escaped

B．satisfied

C．hit

D．attracted

9.

A．diseases

B．symptoms

C．complaints

D．weaknesses

10.

A．but

B．and

C．or

D．so

11.

A．bright

B．real

C．serious

D．dark

12.

A．tolerate

B．create

C．change

D．view

13.

A．forgave

B．pitied

C．challenged

D．encouraged

14.

A．debt

B．reward

C．burden

D．schedule

15.

A．changeable

B．perfect

C．unique

D．different

2021-03-21更新 | 337次组卷 | 8卷引用：福建省福州一中2021届高三下学期开学考试英语试题

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