1 . The first hip-hop tag came in the late 1960s, either in Philadelphia or New York City — there is some argument over this milestone-but New York is inarguably where the new art form would take flight in the 1970s, eventually getting many of its young, upstart artists into the exciting world of high art. Most people today know the name Jean-Michel Basquiat, but his neighbours and contemporaries. including the luminaries (权威) below, did just as much to establish the bright, vivid energy that continues to distinguish hip-hop graffiti today.
Shamsia HassaniKnown as Afghanistan’s first female graffiti artist, Hassani, born in 1988, often makes her art on abandoned buildings. As a talented artist, equally comfortable with a can or a brush, she teaches at Kabul University and in 2013 founded the Kabul Graffiti Festival. She has exhibited in the United States and India, as well as widely throughout Europe.
Chris “Daze” EllisEllis began tagging New York City subway cars in 1976 while still in high school and was one of the first. artists. to jump from street art to high art: By 1981, he was exhibiting at the Mudd Club with such rising luminaries as Keith Haring and Basquiat. Before long, his reputation went global. Ellis has held his own exhibitions in Austria, France, Italy, Singapore and beyond.
The NYC Rap TourThe first overseas hip-hop tour, which visited England and France in 1982, brought music and visual art together: DJ Afrika Bambaataa, the Rock Steady Crew and other musicians performed while artists such as Fab 5 Freddy, Futura 2000 and Dondi painted onstage. The Fantastic Four, winners of a jump rope world championship, and a dance crew completed the unusual event. Hip-hop was now a global force.
1. Where did the new art form develop rapidly in the 1970s?| A．India. | B．France. | C．Philadelphia. | D．New York. |
| A．They ended teaching at university. | B．They had their own exhibitions. |
| C．They started creation on deserted buildings. | D．They shifted their art focus. |
| A．It offered a visit to Italy. | B．It invited Keith Haring as a guest. |
| C．It combined music and visual art. | D．It won jump rope championship. |
2 . In the small town of Hinsdale, Geoffery Holt lived a quiet life working contentedly as the groundskeeper of a mobile home park.
Relying on either a bicycle or a lawnmower as his
The surprise that 4,200 residents of Hinsdale
The story, revealed first by the Associated Press, records the
The money was
Kristen Oliveri, a spokesperson of the Foundation, said, “Holt’s
“The Charitable Foundations is
An online obituary (讣告) page is attracting heartfelt well wishes from those who’ve heard of the story, with a woman from the Midwest named Dee saying “show
“Thank Geoffrey for making us feel
| A．means | B．design | C．symbol | D．shift |
| A．house | B．kid | C．pet | D．bicycle |
| A．rejected | B．reported | C．received | D．released |
| A．owned | B．stole | C．owed | D．lost |
| A．anger | B．excitement | C．relief | D．shock |
| A．selling | B．riding | C．delivering | D．pulling |
| A．best-selling | B．ready-made | C．light-coloured | D．worn-out |
| A．donated | B．posted | C．attached | D．exposed |
| A．monitor | B．lengthen | C．transform | D．address |
| A．occasionally | B．economically | C．automatically | D．individually |
| A．honesty | B．talent | C．contribution | D．chance |
| A．honoured | B．astonished | C．reluctant | D．ordered |
| A．sincerity | B．respect | C．kindness | D．courage |
| A．curious | B．crazy | C．optimistic | D．eager |
| A．whispered | B．called | C．recited | D．read |
3 . Weighing a dinosaur is no easy task. These extinct creatures were massive, and for the most part, all that remains are their bones, as their organs and skin have long since disappeared. However, new research has found more than one way to measure the mass of these creatures.
In a paper published recently in Biological Reviews, scientists evaluated the two existing ways that calculate how much a Tyrannosaurus rex (霸王龙) might have weighed. Led by Nicolas Campione from the University of New England, they examined an extensive database of dinosaur body mass estimates from as far back as 1905, with weight estimates for an individual ranging from 3 tons to 18 tons.
In an essay published by The Conversation, Campione explains that for years, scientists followed two rival (对立的) approaches for calculating a dinosaur’s weight. These methods were long thought to be at odds with each other, but Campione’s team found that both techniques are actually quite accurate.
Using limb circumference (肢体周长) to work out an animal’s mass is already widely used across a variety of modern land animals. The same method can be applied to dinosaurs: Researchers essentially measure the bones in living animals, such as the femur (股骨) in an elephant’s leg, and compare that figure to a dinosaur’s femur.
The second method involves calculating the volume of 3D reconstructions of dinosaurs, which serve as approximations (近似值) of what the creature would have looked like when it was still alive. Occasionally, these methods have come to very different conclusions.
David Evans, a researcher at the Royal Ontario Museum, in Toronto, says it’s important to use both methods because dinosaurs, like humans, did not come in one neat package. “There will always be uncertainty around our understanding of long-extinct animals, and their weight is always going to be a source of it,” he says in a statement. “Our new study suggests we are getting better at weighing dinosaurs, and it’s paving the way for more realistic dinosaur body-mass estimation in the future.”
1. Why is it difficult to weigh dinosaurs?| A．Their organs were massive. | B．They have long disappeared. |
| C．There is no way to find their bones. | D．Their skin is hard to measure. |
| A．Measuring a living animal is not challenging. |
| B．Either existing technique is quite precise to weigh a dinosaur. |
| C．Scientists have found a new way to calculate a dinosaur’s weight. |
| D．There is a heated debate about the two different approaches. |
| A．By measuring limb circumference. |
| B．By combining different methods, together. |
| C．By working our-3D reconstructions of dinosaurs. |
| D．By comparing the figure of a living animal to a dinosaur femur. |
| A．How to Weigh a Dinosaur Properly | B．Ways to Distinguish the Dinosaurs |
| C．Equipment Used in Estimating a Dinosaur | D．How to Get Data About Dinosaurs |
In fifth grade, my family moved across town. I hated being the new kid at school.
I was tall for my age and already wore a size nine shoe—how awkward! My ponytails (马尾辫) and short bangs (刘海) seems quite different from others. I wanted to fit in, but in vain.
Theresa was thin but strong, with blond bangs and tightly pulled-back hair. For a reason unknown to me, she decided that I was worthy of her attention, and every day she walked up to me and kicked me in the back of the legs. Theresa was smart and quick. No teacher ever saw her, and within a week, my legs were bruised (淤青) black and blue.
One day on the playground, as Theresa was about to close in on me again, I escaped away. I glanced over one shoulder and, with relief, didn’t see her and thought she had given up. I stopped abruptly and turned around, unaware that Theresa had been running full-speed toward me. She didn’t expect my sudden stop and crashed into me and fell to the ground. A group of kids standing nearby laughed. Angry, she got up and began to kick me. I couldn’t stand any more. So I made a fist and swung my arm wildly. I caught Theresa in the nose, and she was bleeding. I didn’t know which of us was more surprised. Then we made a big fight. Consequently, we were taken to the principal’s office. He said we should be punished and then filled a form, I stared at his desk and realized that I could read the form upside down. It reads, “Labor punishment for one week.”
Theresa leaned toward me and whispered, “I guess we should get a two-week labor punishment.” I shook my head and said, “No, one week. I can read the form upside down.” Both of us were surprised that we should talk with each other.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We were arranged to take care of the flowers and plants in the school garden together.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was surprised that Theresa and I have so many things in common.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5 . What do a student in China, an office worker in the UK and an astronaut in space all have in common? They all eat instant noodles. And they’re not alone—over 100 billion servings of instant noodles are consumed globally each year, making them one of the world’s most successful industrial foods. But how did this happen?
Put simply, they’re cheap to produce and cheap to buy, which was exactly what their creator intended to achieve. Momofuku Ando, an entrepreneur, spent a year perfecting the recipe just after the Second World War. He wanted to make something similar to traditional noodles. His creation was instantly popular, playing a part in the post-war economic rise. Even in the year 2000—according to a poll by the Fuji Research Institute—instant noodles were voted the most successful invention, ahead of high-speed trains, laptops and karaoke.
According to the World’s Instant Noodles Association, China, Indonesia, Vietnam and India—in that order—all consumed more instant noodles than before in 2021. Instant noodles’ popularity abroad is in part due to how easy they are to adapt to local tastes. In Thailand, for example, you can get green curry flavour, while in Mexico the noodles are garnished (加饰菜) with lime and salsa. And it seems that consumers have grown to expect innovation. Nissin, the food company founded by Ando, launches over 300 products yearly, according to employee Kasura Suzuki.
Instant noodles have their critics, too. Their rise in popularity has come at an environmental cost—they’re made with palm oil, contributing to deforestation, and their packaging is plastic. And while they are a hot, tasty and filling meal, instant noodles don’t have much nutritional value, and include high levels of salt and fat. Nevertheless, instant noodles are undoubtedly lifesavers in emergency or extreme situations.
More than 60 years after their invention, instant noodles have become the default food for anyone short on money, time, or even a kitchen.
1. How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1?| A．By giving examples. | B．By making assumptions. |
| C．By raising questions. | D．By analyzing reasons. |
| A．To promote the tradition. | B．To innovate the recipe. |
| C．To boost the economy. | D．To cut the cost and price. |
| A．All roads lead to Rome. | B．Not all gold shines. |
| C．Every sword has two edges. | D．Every little helps. |
| A．Preferred. | B．Delicious. | C．Cheap. | D．Nutritious. |
6 . Living for 97 years is an impressive achievement in and of itself. Most people hitting this milestone are probably thankful for what health they have and the memories they’ve made. In the case of TV host and conservationist Sir David Attenborough, he can reflect on a life of activism in service for our planet. The British icon turned an impressive 97 on May 8, 2023. Born in 1926, Attenborough has spent most of his life on camera for the BBC covering animals and natural history. Today, despite his age, he is still an active campaigner for our planet.
Attenborough, who received a degree in natural sciences from Cambridge University, joined the BBC full-time in 195. He travelled around the world with his Zoo Quest programme, highlighting different creatures. Afterwards, he created his iconic series Lifeon Earth in 1979. Since then, he has created and starred in countless programmes which have brought nature closer to viewers around the world.
His recent documentary with World Wildlife Fund, David Attenborough: A Life On Our Planet, often returns to a theme which has predominated in Attenborough’s later work. He reflects on just how much the environment has changed in his-decades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before·further serious damage can be prevented. This programme was widely streamed and considered a “wake up call” for the world. While Attenborough is far from the first or only voice to raise this call, his reach as a respected and powerful figure within the BBC provides a useful platform.
Although he has received countless awards, Attenborough has used recent accolades (荣誉) as a chance to focus once more on the planet. Shortly after winning the Champions of the Earth Lifetime Achievement Award in 2022, he sent an urgent message about the state of the planet to all viewers. in Frozen Planet Ⅱ. Even after his 97th birthday, he continues to write and speak on preserving the UK and the world for future generations.
1. What is Sir David Attenborough known for?| A．The possession of treasures. | B．The memories about activities. |
| C．The rewards as a British icon. | D．The contribution to earth protection. |
| A．By majoring in natural science in university. |
| B．By travelling throughout the world while in BBC. |
| C．By sitting closer to viewers when hosting programmes. |
| D．By starting and starring in many relevant programmes. |
| A．It features environment shifts and conservation. |
| B．It is about how swiftly one’s life run out. |
| C．It is received by few viewers and thought little of. |
| D．It provides a powerful and useful platform for BBC. |
| A．Dependent and curious. | B．Devoted and responsible. |
| C．Humorous and passionate. | D．Ambitious and reserved. |
7 . 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Mom, I’m ready to go,” called Jason.
Every Saturday, Jason looked forward to going to Chinatown to shop for food because his mom let him pick his favorite snacks: roast pork buns and bubble tea.
The streets in Chinatown were crowded with cars and pedestrians. His mother could not find the same exotic vegetables in the local supermarkets, so they always came here to shop. What fascinated Jason was tasty roast pork, even the whole pigs hanging on big hooks in the windows, their skins roasted to a glistening brown. Jason’s mouth would water just looking at them.
As they passed the newsstand carrying Chinese newspapers and magazines, Jason spotted an old man sitting on the sidewalk. His hair was long, white, and messy. The face beneath was lined, dirty, and unshaven. Frayed and torn clothing wrapped around his thin frame, and in this kind of cold weather, he even wore sandals, his feet blue with cold. He banged an empty can against the sidewalk. As Jason walked by, he could smell a musty odor and pinched his nostrils together. The old man reached out and touched Jason’s left leg. Instinctively, Jason gathered all his strength to jerk(猛拉) his leg away and kick the old man’s hand heavily. Frightened, he hurried to catch up with his mother without looking back.
“Mom, the old man touched me,” he cried, “He touched me with his dirty hands. It’s disgusting! And he smelled too.”
Jason’s mother glanced back at the man with a look of understanding and said gently, “Jason, he can’t help it. He’s homeless. He didn’t mean any harm.”
Mom’s words made Jason look back at the old man with regret, who now was looking up at other passersby, still banging his can.
On their way home, Jason asked, his voice filled with concern. “Why is that old man homeless? Where does he sleep?”
“I don’t know. It’s tough to be homeless, especially in this cold weather. He did look quite weak,” his mother replied.
Mom’s words made Jason’s regret deepened. He confessed his heavy kick to his mother, who reminded him that it was crucial to acknowledge his mistake and try to make up for it.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day, with his mother’s help, Jason decided to do something.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing this, the old man looked at them with watery eyes.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Recently, Chinese netizens expressed amazement at a map full of dotted signs. Wu Yunjie is the map maker, who is
In 2020, Wu started collecting information. Many historical sites cannot be located
Though facing difficulties, Wu has joy in this job. Now, the map includes nearly 10,000 historical landmarks using different colors
The cultural relics recorded on the map account
9 . The invention of rubber surgical gloves is celebrating its 135th anniversary in 2024!
Believe it or not, this little tool
Hospital procedures
Whenever I see gloves anywhere, I couldn’t help but think of this
| A．seen | B．made | C．tested | D．confirmed |
| A．sympathy | B．love | C．curiosity | D．thankfulness |
| A．Instead | B．Besides | C．Indeed | D．Otherwise |
| A．allow | B．cause | C．promise | D．require |
| A．developed | B．discovered | C．controlled | D．cured |
| A．succeed | B．graduate | C．resign | D．retire |
| A．achievement | B．courage | C．legs | D．hands |
| A．happened to | B．occurred to | C．answered for | D．waited for |
| A．check | B．clean | C．count | D．fashion |
| A．Original | B．New | C．Extra | D．Regular |
| A．response | B．attitude | C．sensitivity | D．addition |
| A．usually | B．actually | C．carefully | D．nearly |
| A．said | B．known | C．reported | D．announced |
| A．belief | B．identity | C．purpose | D．quality |
| A．story | B．record | C．work | D．memory |
10 . Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.
“BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile. “Large constellations (星座) of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.
Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove. This could lead to loss of data from the affected pixels (像素). But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites. Besides, the team notes the radio frequencies used by BlueWalker 3 are close to those used for radio astronomy, raising the possibility that such satellites could cause interference.
While BlueWalker 3 was folded when it was launched last year, once in space it opened up to reveal a huge surface area that reflected sunlight. Tregloan-Reed added that even if all the reflective brightness of all satellites was reduced to below the level visible by the naked eye, “the sky background glow will increase due to the accumulative effect of having hundreds of thousands of satellites from various operators from many countries in low Earth orbit. It is disastrous!”
BlueWalker 3, built by AST Space Mobile, is just the first one to be launched. The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!
1. What can we know about BlueWalker 3?| A．It threatens the sunlight. | B．It was invented by Dr. Jeremy. |
| C．It is brighter than Procyon and Achernar. | D．It is visible in urban skies when passing overhead. |
| A．earth orbit | B．space observation |
| C．radio frequency | D．satellite communication |
| A．It has potential drawbacks. | B．It is bound to be accomplished. |
| C．It is irreplaceable for astronomy. | D．It provides network service for the world. |
| A．BlueWalker 3—A Bright and Dark “Star” | B．BlueWalker 3—The Most Valuable Satellite |
| C．The Night Sky—Glowing with BlueWalker 3 | D．The Night Sky—Heavily Polluted by BlueWalker 3 |
