1 . Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), created by openAI, an AI and research company, is a natural language processing tool driven by AI technology that allows you to have human-like conversations and much more with a chatbot. The language model can answer questions, and assist you with tasks such as composing emails, essays and code.
ChatGPT is powered by a large language model, or LLM, meaning it’s programmed to understand human language and generate responses based on a large amount of data. What makes ChatGPT so impressive is its ability to log context from user’s earlier messages in a thread and use it to form responses later in the conversation.
According to analysis by Swiss bank UBS, ChatGPT is the fastest growing up app of all time. In January, only two months after its launch, UBS analysis estimates that ChatGPT had 100 million active users. For comparison, it took nine months for TikTok to reach 100 million.
Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has limitations. Instead of asking for clarification on ambiguous questions, the model just takes a guess at what your question means. “The primary problem is that the answers that ChatGPT produces have a high rate of being incorrect,” says Stack Overflow moderators in a post. Critics argue that these tools are just very good at putting words into an order that makes sense from a statistical pint of view, but they cannot understand the meaning or know whether the statements it makes are correct. Another major limitation is that ChatGPT’s data is limited to 2021.
ChatGPT is an advanced chatbot that has the potential to make people’s lives easier and to assist with everyday tiring tasks, such as writing an email or having to navigate the web for answers. However, there are certain technical details that have to be figured out before it’s widely used, to prevent negative outcomes such as the spread of misinformation. In general, this AI model relies on lots of training and fine-tuning to reach a level of ideal performance.
1. What can we learn about ChatGPT from the first paragraph?| A．What its potential market is. | B．It is developed jointly by two companies. |
| C．Why it enjoys great popularity. | D．It is a conversational AI tool. |
| A．Context. | B．ChatGPT’s ability. | C．A thread. | D．LLM. |
| A．Low efficiency. | B．Disordered words. |
| C．Poor accuracy. | D．Frequent crashes. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Objective. | C．Doubtful. | D．Satisfied. |
Aside from teacups and rice bowls, China doesn’t do anything on a small scale. Sure enough, their recently-completed solar power array in Ningxia is huge.
The Ningxia array is the first of several giant renewable energy projects planned for
China Energy Investment Corp says it is the first solar farm in the country
Like most rural Chinese provinces, Ningxia, along with Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia — the provinces
3 . Giving Tuesday is the perfect time for you to help out some pets in need. And we have a few ideas.
By design, Giving Tuesday arrives the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, and is a perfect time to give to those less fortunate. That includes dogs, thousands of whom will be spending the holidays in shelters rather than loving homes. For a few dollars, you can make their stay a little easier.
Here are several ways you can contribute to animal welfare on Giving Tuesday.
Your Local Animal Shelter
This is the best way to see an immediate impact while keeping dollars in your area. Shelters almost certainly could use your help. If you can’t adopt a pet or donate some time, a money gift is the next best option.
Find your local rescue’s website or social media profile and see if they have a page where you can donate. You can also check and see if the organization has a wish list you can view. Then you can buy something you’re sure they need.
Organizations Affected By Natural Disasters
2022 was yet another year full of natural disasters, whether it’s flooding, hurricanes, or fires. Through it all, shelters and rescues keep caring for their dogs and cats, keeping them safe and healthy.
Then comes the aftermath (余波). Shelters still have to care for many lost or homeless pets—numbers that often increase after disasters—as their communities clean up and rebuild. There’s no pause as their jobs get harder. If you know of an animal welfare organization affected by a disaster this year—natural or otherwise—they could use some help.
Plenty More Giving Opportunities
There is no shortage of places to donate on Giving Tuesday, so if you’re still unsure on where to direct your generosity—or, hopefully, willing to give to a few organizations—here are even more ideas.
Canine Cellmates, a program that aims to train dogs to be adoptable
America’s VetDogs, which partners service dogs with veterans (老兵)
Best Friends Society, an organization dedicated to avoiding the euthanisation (使安乐死) of shelter dogs
Biscuits and Bones, which organizes dog food donations
There are hundreds of other worthy organizations not listed here, so research your own area and give somewhere close to your heart.
1. Which of the following is the best way to help your local animal shelter?| A．Donating money | B．Volunteering |
| C．Providing animals | D．Saving dollars |
| A．It is hard to clean up | B．They are easily damaged |
| C．Pets tend to become unhealthy | D．They have more animals to deal with |
| A．Best Friends Society |
| B．America’s VetDogs |
| C．Canine Cellmates |
| D．Biscuits and Bones |
4 . How to prepare for a thrilling hike? Hiking needs mental and physical preparation weeks before the material day. If you’re a fan of hiking mountains. Here is a guide to help you.
Train hard and train in timeYou need to train your body at least three months before the challenge.
You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. First, mind the terrain (地形) of the hiking ground. A mild terrain will do fine with light shoes. On the other hand. A tough, hard and mountainous terrain require hardy hots to help navigate the rocky grounds.
Adequately pack your bagYour bag is your lifeline when hiking. Water is the most essential itch when hiking. The body performs best when you hydrate frequently throughout the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip often.
Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience.
| A．Choose appropriate footwear |
| B．Search for the route you will he hiking |
| C．Carry a compass, a map and a gas with you |
| D．Adequate water can help you be in good con lit ion |
| E．create a regular schedule and be disciplined to follow it |
| F．Wear appropriate clothes that allow your free movement |
| G．Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience of it |
Ellie was only eight years old when a tsunami(海啸)hit her old neighborhood. She had been out of town on a school trip when disaster struck, but her parents, Jude and Rachel, were lost during the tragedy.
With her house left in complete ruin, all Ellie had left was the bag she had packed for her school trip. As the young girl had nowhere else to go, her grandmother Louisa welcomed Ellie into her home. Louisa lived in a different state to Ellie’s hometown, which meant that Ellie needed to transfer to a new school. She felt alone and isolated, away from her old friends and in a new environment.
Ellie’s grandmother was already retired and barely had enough money to cover their needs. To make matters worse, Jude and Rachel’s belongings were destroyed in the tsunami. Louisa couldn’t afford to buy Ellie new clothes. Therefore, when Ellie’s clothes were visibly small as she grew taller, she felt very embarrassed. She didn’t want to attend class and would often hide in the bathrooms. After school, she would run home before her classmates could see her.
Ellie kept a notebook full of designs. Actually, Ellie’s mother was a seamstress (女裁缝)and taught Ellie how to sew when she was very young. Ellie often dreamed of how she would dress if she were rich.
Meanwhile, Ellie’s teacher, Mrs. Roberts, began to notice her abnormality from class. One day, she decided to get to the bottom of the situation and called Louisa. That’s when the older woman tearfully explained to Mrs. Roberts that Ellie had lost everything and felt self-conscious(难为情的). “I’ve found some of her drawings about the clothes design. I think she’s ashamed that I can’t afford to buy her new clothes for school,” Louisa explained. Mrs. Roberts had a lot of sympathy for the girl, who had already suffered due to the tsunami.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs. Roberts then appealed to her students to donate clothes to Ellie.
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The next morning, Ellie went to school wearing the clothes she redesigned.
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6 . As the costs of fuel, groceries and housing increase suddenly around the world, scientists are fighting inflation (通货膨胀) at the bench. Almost all items needed to conduct science are more expensive than they were just a year ago. And that means that nearly every researcher is feeling the pressure. “Nobody is immune to this economy,” says Tola Olorunnisola, who leads innovation in the lab at Avantor, an international science-management company in Pennsylvania. Olorunnisola visited labs in the Netherlands, Switzerland and Ireland to help researchers find ways to enlarge their budgets. “Scientists are becoming more conscious of costs,” she says.
The increase in lab costs has forced scientists to make some difficult choices. Scientific budgets are pretty fixed. If they pay double for something, it means they’re not buying something else. Scientists can keep their research projects moving forward, but to avoid overspending on their budgets, they’ll probably need to adjust their buying habits and take steps to make their labs more efficient.
Julien Sage, a cancer researcher and geneticist at Stanford University in California, estimates that lab supplies historically account for roughly 20%of his overall budget, but he says that the balance is shifting.
Without significant boosts in funding to keep pace with inflation, it’s up to scientists to find creative ways to diminish costs. One option is to rethink experimental design.
“It will probably take more than discounts from lab-supply companies to truly protect scientists from the impact of rising prices,” Sage says. “Unless something is done on a large scale to either stabilize costs or increase funding, science is likely to suffer. If you have less money, you’re going to have fewer people or be less productive, which means you’re going to have fewer grants (拨款) which means you’re going to have fewer people. That’s probably happening to a lot of labs these days, and the question is: When is it going to stop?”
1. For what did Olorunnisola visit some labs in different places?| A．Seeing how researchers struggle against inflation. |
| B．Proving everyone has to face the rising price. |
| C．Learning about the pressure of researchers. |
| D．Helping researchers overcome economic difficulty. |
| A．The cause of increasing lab costs. | B．The effects of the rising lab costs. |
| C．The tough choices of researchers. | D．The ways of making labs efficient. |
| A．Reduce. | B．Calculate. | C．Restore. | D．Keep. |
| A．Scientists face many problems | B．The price of goods is rising quickly |
| C．Labs have to tighten supplies budgets | D．People hold different opinions of price |
7 . Walking, the world’s most natural exercise, is one of the best ways to keep healthy. It is less dangerous than running. Walking strengthens muscles without stretching them too much and it puts less pressure on bones and joints. Many people are active in what is called fitness walking. They take short walks a few times each week to improve their health. Fitness walking can be done in groups or alone almost anywhere and anytime. No special equipment is needed.
Experts advise drinking some water before and after each walk and also gently stretching the muscles and joints that are most likely to become tense during the exercise.
The most effective way to walk is the natural way. Keep your head high and your back straight. In fitness walking it is important to remember your footsteps should fall almost in a straight line. Bend your arms at elbows. Let them swing from the shoulders with each step.
Walking is good for the health of your body. And studies have provided details about the link between walking and your emotional health. A group of subjects were asked to describe their feelings of energy and tension before a ten-minute fast walk. When they returned, they felt less tired and more full of energy. This feeling lasted one hour. Even after 2 hours the students felt less tired than they had before the experiment.
Short walks can also help make personal problems seem less serious. One group of subjects described the seriousness of their personal problems such as job worries, or failing marriage. They went for a ten-minute fast walk. When they came back, they said their problems seemed less threatening. Improvements were not observed everyday, but after 3 weeks, the differences became very clear.
1. Which of the following makes walking a good way to keep healthy?| A．It strengthens muscles. |
| B．It greatly stretches muscles. |
| C．It reduces pressure on joints. |
| D．It puts much pressure on bones. |
| A．Getting equipped. |
| B．Drinking water. |
| C．Inviting partners. |
| D．Choosing a fixed route. |
| A．Benefits of walking. |
| B．Proper ways of walking. |
| C．The process of a study on walking. |
| D．Effects of walking on mental health. |
| A．Hungry. |
| B．Pleased. |
| C．Exhausted. |
| D．Refreshed. |
Xinjiang’s Hotan-Ruoqiang Railway (referred to as the Heruo Railway),
With a total
Now with the 2,712-kilometer-long closed railway loop around the Taklamakan Desert, millions of locals and visitors now are able
The Heruo Railway has become one of the key international passageways,
9 . Every community has an ice cream store, but not all of them have a mission. When Charles Foreman opened his store, Everyday Sundae, he had a goal in mind, “My objective is to make a positive impact in my community by treating people like family and remembering them,” he said.
With his business slogan,“A place for community,” Foreman’s store has quickly gained a devoted following. Customers visit to enjoy their favorite flavors; artwork and cards from them decorate the walls; and some purchase their paper napkins there to support the store. Foreman has also organized events like storybook readings accompanied by sweet treats for children. What truly sets this business apart is the free ice cream that Foreman generously gives out.
“You know when they come in, you can see it. It was natural to notice some of the kids have it and others don’t. So I’m going to sponsor them.” Foreman said as he talked about how he can tell when a visitor wants a treat they can’t afford.“I just want to do some positive things. I believe my community is missing a family-friendly ice cream shop.”
One day, Nicole Harkin, one of his regular customers, noticed Foreman give a free ice cream to children without money. For Foreman, this was a constant gesture that had just gone unnoticed, but Harkin reacted with surprise. She came back and handed him an envelope containing 100 dollars. Foreman was so touched by Harkin’s gift that he posted it on Instagram. Foreman and Harkin’s kind behaviors also moved other customers to cover Foreman’s free ice creams for people they didn’t know. Foreman’s ice cream fund has received many donations since then.
“When you see people doing their best, you want to do your best,” Foreman said. “Everything is contagious, whether you do something negative or positive. We’re supposed to do all we can to help each other.”
1. Why was Charles Foreman’s store so special?| A．It provides free goods to the community. | B．It offers children ice cream for free. |
| C．It is a place to show creativity. | D．It collects donations from others. |
| A．The motive for his generous action. | B．The sympathy for those poor children. |
| C．The urge for an ice cream shop. | D．The methods to help those in need. |
| A．A report on his unnoticed gesture. | B．An envelope with a letter in it. |
| C．A post of someone’s generous action. | D．A game between him and his customer. |
| A．Critical. | B．Influential. | C．Precious. | D．Optimistic. |
10 . The streets of Cotonou, Benin’s largest city, have been Domingo Soule’s workplace for 35 years. The 50-year-old motorcycle taxi driver spends his days driving for miles on roads blanketed in exhaust fumes (尾气), picking up customers and taking them to where they want to go. But Soule has developed a cough from breathing in air pollution, he believes, and at the end of each day his eyes hurt.
Things maybe about to change, however. In recent months, he’s seen more and more electric motorbikes on the streets of Cotonou. The Indian manufacturer (制造商) M Auto introduced its electric bikes in Benin in July 2022 and there are already 2,000 on the roads; an additional 2,000 people have paid deposits (定金) and are waiting for delivery.
Shegun Bakari, M Auto’s chief executive, has ambitions to get all moto-taxi drivers in Benin to switch to electric. This month he plans to launch a campaign to encourage them to swap (交换) their old bikes for new electric models.
The only sticking point is the battery. M Auto’s business model relies on “swap stations” throughout the city. When the battery runs out after about 60 miles, drivers must visit a station and pay to exchange the empty battery for a full one. Concerns about the battery are also preventing Soule form buying an electric bike. It could cost him 4,000 CFA ￡(5.40) a day to replace batteries, Soule says, whereas at the moment he can buy five litres of petrol (enough for one day) for 3,000CFA.
Bakari understands his concerns. In Beni, close to 40% of the population live under the poverty line, earning less than US$2 a day. “If I’m living with $2 a day, I can’t afford to pay more just because I want to save the planet,” he says.
He and his team are working to persuade governments in Africa to reduce taxes on electric vehicles, as well as putting plans in place to produce the electric bikes in Benin. They are also in talks with the government to build a solar plant to provide the extra energy that will be needed.
1. What does the author want to show by telling Soule’s story?| A．Air pollution becomes a health issue. |
| B．Road conditions badly need improving. |
| C．Taxi drivers find it hard to make a living. |
| D．Motorbikes area major means of transport. |
| A．Riding old bikes. | B．Building more roads. |
| C．Banning them on road. | D．Moving to electric bikes. |
| A．Short battery life. | B．Battery safety. |
| C．Insufficient charging points. | D．High battery replacement cost. |
| A．Create more job opportunities. | B．Make electric bikes affordable. |
| C．Cutback on fuel supplies. | D．Improve taxi drivers’ welfare. |
