2 . Music is present in any part of the world, and it is appreciated and felt everywhere. Without its presence, life could be boring. Studies show that music is good for your body and mind.     1    

Music can increase pain management. Listening to music can help increase your pain tolerance (耐痛性).     2     Listening to music can help you gain a sense of control over your ability to deal with pains. If you have a certain pain, for example, listening to music that you enjoy can help reduce the pain that you experience.

●    3     Listening to certain types of music, such as relaxing music, can naturally reduce both your heartbeat rate and breathing rate. Additionally, music has shown promising results as a treatment for heart disease. Whether it involves listening to music or composing music, the calming effect that music produces further improves your heart’s health by supporting it throughout the healing process.

●Music can reduce anxiety and depression     4     When it comes to anxiety and depression, music treatment can help to reduce the amount of stress hormones. For example, listening to music that you enjoy can naturally decrease the amount of cortisol (皮质醇) that your body releases.

●Music can improve self-expression and communication. Self-expression and communication are an important part of the human experience, especially when it comes to basic emotional and mental health needs.     5     By listening and singing along to music, kids who struggle to interact and communicate with others can practice using the very skills needed to do so.

A．Music can improve heart health.

B．Music can increase your heartbeat rate.

C．Here are some benefits of music treatment.

D．They are two common pains in your daily life.

E．It has been proved to be helpful for anxious and depressed people.

F．Listening to music can also help decrease the strength of your pains.

G．For kids weak in both areas, music treatment can help develop their relative skills.

3 . Conflict (冲突) between teenagers and parents happens for a lot of reasons. Sometimes conflict happens between teenagers and parents just because conflict happens between human beings anyway. Humans have different needs, different feelings, different opinions about what they want, and the relationship with people can be really difficult. However, teenagers can cause further conflict because of the hormonal (生理的) changes that are happening and the stage of life that they're in.

Teenagers and parents have different understanding about rules and at times they find it difficult to look into the future. So parents and teenagers will often experience conflict about many things, do chores, homework, whether teenagers speak respectfully or not and about what they're allowed to do.

Before we think about rule boundaries (界线) for teenagers, we need to make sure that we have a really good relationship base. There's no point saying “From now on, you have to listen to me”: if you don't have a positive relationship with your teenager. We need to go back and make sure there is some degree of shared respect, and some degree of positive communication and enjoyment being together. you do that first, it means that rule boundaries are a lot easier to set up.

Often we're dealing with conflict on the fly. This is not the right time to be dealing with it. We really want parents and teenagers to sit down and think about the kinds of things that may happen in the house before the problems come. The more detailed your rule boundaries are for teenagers, the more likely it is that they are going to follow them. So this means we don't have rule boundaries like “Have the bathroom cleaned”. It needs to be “The floors mopped, nothing on the countertop and the mirrors cleaned by ten o'clock every Saturday”: Rule boundaries need to be written down, and set out ahead of time so the teenager knows exactly what's expected.

1. What's important to set up a rule boundary easily for teenagers?

A．Being strict from the start.	B．Developing a good relationship with them first.
C．Saying"No" to their requirements.	D．Avoiding close talks with them.

2. Which of the following rules are teenagers most likely to follow?

A．Doing some housework.	B．Having a good reading habit.
C．Cleaning the bathroom.	D．Finishing your homework by five.

3. What do the underlined words "on the fly" in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．In a hurry.

B．On the plane.

C．By oneself.

D．Another day.

4. What's the best title for the text?

A．Growing Pains	B．Teenage Problems
C．Parent-Child Conflict and Solutions	D．Knowing the Conflict

4 . China’s long history has seen many scientists making great contributions to the development of ancient China and even the world. We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hope to help you learn more about Chinese science and technology.

Zhang Zhongjing (150-219) was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). He founded medication principles and summarized the medicinal experience before his time. His famous work “ Shang Han Za Bing Lun ” had a major influence on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Today, this great book was still considered very important in the practice of Chinese medicine.

Li Daoyuan (AD 427 or 469-527) was a great Chinese geographer during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). He wrote the famous work “ Commentary to the River Classic ” (Shui Jing Zhu). The book is a great work on the ancient geography of China and it sums up China’s geography and its surrounding areas before Northern Wei Dynasty.

Sun Simiao was an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). He was called “ China’s King of Medicine ” for his important contributions to Chinese traditional medicine. Sun authored two books — “Qian Jin Yao Fang” and “Qian Jin Yi Fang” that were both landmarks in Chinese medicine history.

Shen Kuo was a great Chinese scientist and politician of the Song Dynasty (960-1279). He compiled (汇编) an scientific work “Dream Pool Essays”, which involves a lot descriptions about the animals and plants in the country. Shen also first described the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (航行). His discovery of concept of true north towards the north pole was four hundred years earlier than Europe.

1. The passage is mainly written to ________ .

A．encourage readers to learn from these great scientists

B．explain what contributes to the development of ancient China

C．broaden readers’ horizons on Chinese science and technology

D．introduce the great medical contributions Chinese scientists made

2. Whose work had a great effect on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine?

A．Zhang Zhongjing’s

B．Li Daoyuan’s

C．Sun Simiao’s

D．Shen Kuo’s

3. What do we know about Shen Kuo?

A．He was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty.

B．He worked on the ancient geography of China.

C．He was regarded as “China’s King of Medicine”.

D．He described the animals and plants a lot in his work.

5 . The exact location in France where Dutch master Vincent van Gogh painted his last work of art has been discovered.

A Dutch researcher figured out that a scene described in the artist’s last work, Tee Root, was visible on a postcard showing a man standing next to a bicycle on a back street of the village Auvers-sur-Oise. Van Gogh spent the last weeks of his life in the village. Helpfully, the card even included the name of the street.

Researchers were given a unique glimpse (体验) into the famous painter’s final hours. He was at work right up to the end.

Wouter van der Veen, scientific director of the Van Gogh Institute in France, made the discovery. While stuck at home, van de Veen used the extra time to organize the numerous files and documents on van Gogh, including images such as the old postcard from Auvers-sur-Oise. One day in late April, he saw the card on his computer screen and it suddenly struck him that he was looking at the location of Tree Roots. Next to the man and his bicycle, roots and trees are clearly visible. He took a virtual trip down the site using Google’s Street View.

“Villagers know the spot and the main tree root well, even giving it the name ‘the elephant’ because of its shapes,” van der Veen said. “It was really hiding in overt sight.”

The discovery provides tourists with an extra reason to visit Auvers-sur-Oise. “They travel a lot just for one reason — to walk in the footsteps of Vincent van Gogh. Now they can stand at the very place where he painted his last painting,” van der Veen said. “And that’s a very moving thing for a lot of people. So I’m very happy to be able to share that with all those who love van Gogh.”

1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．What the postcard revealed.	B．How Tree Roots was discovered.
C．Why Auvers-sur-Oise became known.	D．Where van Gogh painted his works.

2. How did van der Veen confirm his discovery?

A．He studied a picture of Auvers-sur-Oise.

B．He organized his data on van Gogh.

C．He traveled to France to see for himself.

D．He paid a visit to the spot online.

3. What does the underlined word “overt” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Mixed.

B．Obvious.

C．Lovely.

D．Strange.

4. What can we infer about tourists to Auvers-sur-Oise?

A．They enjoy exploring how to paint.	B．They share their love for van Gogh.
C．They admire van Gogh very much.	D．They want to experience the life there.

6 . Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition

Writer’s Digest has been shining a spotlight on up and coming writers in all genres (体裁) through its Annual Writing Competition for more than 80 years. Enter our 89th Annual Writing Competition for your chance to win and have your work be seen by editors and agents!

Prizes

·One Grand Prize winner will receive:

$5.000 in cash and an interview with them in Writer's Digest (Nov/ Dec 2022 issue) and on Writers Digest. com. A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference, including special recognition at the keynote.

·All top winners will receive:

Their names and the title of their winning piece listed in Writer’s Digest and on Writers Digest. com

A one-year subscription (new or renewal) to Writer’s Digest magazine

A one year subscription to Writer’s Digest Tutorials

20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University

Pricing and Deadlines

·Early-Bird Deadline: May 6, 2022

Poetry entry — $20 for the first entry; $15 for each additional poetry entry.

Manuscript entry — $ 30 for the first entry; $25 for each additional manuscript entry.

·Regular Deadline: June 6, 2022

Poetry entry — $ 25 for the first entry; $20 for each additional poetry entry.

Manuscript entry — $35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.

Preparing your entry

·Please submit text only; illustrations are not accepted.

·Cover pages are optional; titles are not requested or necessary.

·Word counts are not to include entry title.

·Accepted file formal: pdf. Do not attach zipped files, or documents stored on the web.

How to Enter

Create your free Submittable account by clicking the SUBMIT button. If you already have a Submittable account, simply log in!

1. What will all top winners receive?

A．Their winning piece published in Writer’s Digest.

B．A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference.

C．Free permenant subscription to Writer’s Digest magazine.

D．Purchases at a 20% discount at Writer’s Digest University.

2. If someone submits two manuscript entries on May 22nd, how much should he pay?

A．$65.

B．$55.

C．$45.

D．$35

3. Which of the following must be submitted in an entry?

A．Titles.

B．Cover pages.

C．Texts in pdf.

D．Illustrations.

7 . Best Campgrounds in U.S. National Parks

Gold Bluffs Beach Campground, Redwood National & State Park, CA

The remote campground is located about 6 miles up unpaved Davison Road. This is a small campground, though, with only 26 sites. So you’ll need to book your site well in advance. As far as facilities go, there are solar showers, barbecues and fire pits, picnic tables and food lockers-more than enough for a remote camping adventure. Note that the first part of Davison Road is very steep and winding. Large RVs(房车)are prohibited on this road.

Nightly rate: $35

Watchman Campground, Zion National Park, UT

There are five different loops(圈): Loop A and B have electric campsites, while the C and D are tent-only. Loop E is where the group sites are. Note, however, that this campground is extremely popular. Reservations are absolutely recommended from March through November. The off-season, on the other hand, offers first-come, first-served camping.

Nightly rate: $30 for an electric site; $20 for a tent-only site

Pi ñon Flats Campground, Great Sand Dunes National Park, CO

As an International Dark Sky Park, Great Sand Dunes is also a great place to see the Milky Way and amazing views of North America’s tallest sand dunes. It is popular among children and adults alike. Renting a sled or sand board for an afternoon of fun —you’ll feel like a kid again. Sites can accommodate both RVs and tents.

Nightly rate: $20

Painted Desert, Petrified Forest National Park, AZ

It’s a fantastic place to put up a tent. This is free camping, wild camping. The only thing you have to do to camp there is to get a permit in person at the Painted Desert Visitor Center. Once you’re a mile from the trail head, you’re free to set up tents wherever you want. Remember to obey the Leave No Trace principles, though! Of course, there are no facilities in this desert wilderness. So, you’ll need to pack everything you need, from water and food to other supplies.

1. Which of the following charges no fees for the campsites?

A．Redwood National State Park.

B．Zion National Park.

C．Great Sand Dunes National Park.

D．Petrified Forest National Park.

2. What is necessary to do if you go to Watchman Campground?

A．Pay $50 for the camping.

B．Get a permit in advance.

C．Camp with group members.

D．Reserve sites in the peak season.

3. What feature do the four national parks have in common?

A．Outdoor tent campsites.

B．Enough camping equipment.

C．Convenient traffic conditions.

D．Environmental warning signs.

8 . Phonetic (语音) information—the smallest sound elements of speech - is considered by researchers to be the basis of language. Babies are thought to learn these small sound elements and add them together to make words. But a new study suggests that phonetic information is learnt too late and slowly for this to be the case. Instead, rhythmic (有韵律的) speech helps babies learn language and is effective even in the first few months of life.

Researchers from the Trinity College Dublin investigated babies’ ability to process phonetic information during their first year. Their study, published in the journal Nature Communications. found that phonetic information wasn’t successfully encoded (编码) until seven months old, and did not occur very often at 11 months old when babies began to say their first words. From then individual speech sounds are still added in very slowly—too slowly to form the basis of language.

The researchers recorded patterns of brain activity in 50 babies at four, seven, and eleven months old as they watched a video of a primary school teacher singing 18 nursery rhymes (童谣) to a baby. They found that phonetic encoding in babies appeared inchmeal over the first year of life, beginning with labial sounds (e.g. “d” for “daddy”) and nasal sounds (e.g. “m” for “mummy”), with the “read out” progressively looking more like that of adults.

“The reason why we use nursery rhymes is because that is the best way for babies to discover and connect sounds with language, so we are teaching them how to speak,” said Giovanni Di Liberto, lead author of the study at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. “Parents should talk and sing to their babies as much as possible or use baby-directed speech because it will make a difference to language outcome,” she added.

1. What should babies learn in the first few months of life according to the new study?

A．Small sound elements	B．Rhythmic information.
C．Phonetic information.	D．Individual words.

2. What does the author mainly discuss in paragraph 2?

A．The poor phonetic encoding in babies.	B．The advantages of phonetic information.
C．The babies’ great ability to learn language.	D．The babies’ growing process in the first year.

3. What does the underlined word “inchmeal” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Gradually.

B．Suddenly.

C．Successfully.

D．Occasionally.

4. What is the best title of the text?

A．When Babies Are Able to Say Their First Words

B．How Phonetic Information Changes Over Time

C．Why Phonetic Is Better Than Rhythmic for Babies

D．Why Babies Need Nursery Rhymes for Language Mastery

9 . When you need to find a solution to a design problem, you could ask yourself, “What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives, and how do they handle it?”    1     Termites (白蚁) in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part. The Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way, with thick overhangs shading the windows, and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape. This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-conditioning.    2    

Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question.    3     A keen birdwatcher, Nakatsu realised that kingfishers also experience an abrupt pressure change when diving into the water, but their beaks allow them to pierce through the water smoothly. His team found that putting a long, pointed nose on the train greatly reduced the loud booms in the tunnel and allowed it to run faster.

Having a big picture of the world we live in also helps us understand how technology can be used to protect instead of destroy it.    4     On the other hand, plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution. One company has come up with an alternative material made of com husk waste and some big companies are starting to use it.

    5     Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the opportunity to touch and feel nature. He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking.

A．In nature, everything gets recycled.

B．To mimic (模仿) nature, we must be familiar with it.

C．It turns out that natural beauty often has a logical reason behind it.

D．Large cities full of people are often compared to ants’ colonies (群).

E．This idea was used to arrange hundreds of mirrors at a solar power plant.

F．It could be a good solution for the hot and crowded cities in Southeast Asia too.

G．His problem was that the pressure from a bullet train rushing into a tunnel at high speed caused loud noises.

10 . WANTED

Miracle-Ear Hearing Centers are looking for qualified people to test their latest product the Miracle-Ear Genius for FREE!

BETTER HEARING EVENT

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HERE’S THE CATCH

You must have difficulty hearing and understanding in background noise, and your hearing must fall in the range of the hearing aid. People that are selected will evaluate Miracle-Ear’s latest advanced digital hearing solution—the Miracle-Ear Genius. You will be able to walk into our office and walk out knowing how much help there is for you!

Candidates will be asked to evaluate our instruments for 30 days (risk free). At the end of the 30 days, if you are satisfied with the improvement in your hearing and wish to keep the instruments, you may do so at tremendous saving. But this is only for a limited time!

You must schedule your appointment by Jan. 1,2023. Don’t wait!

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Federal employees with insurance codes #104, #105, #106, #111, #112 or #113 can receive 2 hearing aids COMPLETELY FREE!Basic plans and federal retirees may be covered.

For details and accurate coverage, visit our home page at Miracle-EarHearingCenters.com.

1. Who are the most likely to be selected to test the product?

A．People with mental disability.

B．People with hearing disorder.

C．People with interest in technology.

D．People with specific insurance codes.

2. What can candidates do after the test?

A．Keep the instrument for free.

B．Get ajob in federal government.

C．Enjoy a policy for a discount.

D．Have free insurance for their health.

3. Where does the passage probably come from?

A．A tourist brochure.	B．A health guide.
C．A medical report.	D．An online advertisement.