1 . A five-­year-­old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.

The man, Bob, was alone when he left his farmhouse on New Year’s Eve to collect firewood.Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around －4℃.

After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance.

“I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was 10:30 p. m.,” Bob explained. “By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn’t yell for help, but Kelsey didn’t stop barking.”

Kelsey’s companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side,” Bob recalled. “I knew I couldn’t give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.”

Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob’s neighbor discovered him at 6:30 p. m. on New Year’s Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn’t have any frostbite (冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey’s determination to keep him warm. Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “His dog really saved him.He was very fortunate.”

Bob said he was very grateful to both Dr. Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes!”

1. What happened to Bob on New Year’s Eve?

A．He left his dog alone in his farmhouse.

B．He was praised for saving a dog owner.

C．He broke his neck and couldn’t move.

D．He heard his neighbor’s shouting for help.

2. Why did Kelsey keep barking?

A．To keep warm.

B．To stay alive.

C．To keep Bob awake.

D．To seek help from others.

3. How does Dr. Colen feel about Kelsey?

A．Helpful.	B．Fortunate.
C．Grateful.	D．Friendly.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．A Neck­breaking Accident

B．The Magic Night

C．Warmth on a Winter’s Night

D．Determination to Keep Alive

2 . Emerging economies (新兴经济体) struggled to grow through the 2010s and pessimism clouds them now. People wonder how they will pay debts piling up and grow rapidly. The solution is the fast-spreading digital revolution. The world’s largest emerging market has already demonstrated the enormous effects of digital technology. As China’s old industries have slowed sharply over the past decade, the booming technology industry has kept the economy growing steadily.

Now China’s emerging market peers are getting a push from the same digital engines. Since 2014, more than 10,000 tech firms have been launched in emerging markets. From Bangladesh to Egypt, it is easy to find entrepreneurs (企业家) who worked for Facebook or other US giants before coming home to start their own companies.

How can the emerging market countries adopt common digital technologies faster than the richer countries? In societies filled with stores and services, customers are accustomed to using the providers they have. However, in countries where people have difficulty even finding public facilities, a bank or a hospital, they will jump at the first digital option. Though only 5% of the Kenyans carry credit cards, more than 70% have access to digital banking.

The digital impact on productivity is visible. Many governments are moving services online to make them more transparent (透明的) and less affected by corruption (腐败), perhaps the most feared obstacle to doing business in the emerging world. Since 2010, the cost of starting a business has been steady in developed countries while falling sharply in emerging market countries, from 66% to just 27% of the average annual income. Entrepreneurs can now launch businesses affordably, organizing much of what they need on a smartphone.

The era of rapid digitization has only just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary new path to catching up with the living standards of the developed world.

1. Which is a result of digital technology for China?

A．Stable economic growth.	B．Accumulated debts.
C．Struggling new industries.	D．Booming old industries.

2. Why does the author mention Kenyans in paragraph 3?

A．To present emerging markets’ digital technologies.

B．To show rich nations abandon what they own unwillingly.

C．To present emerging markets accept digital options warmly.

D．To show poor nations have difficulty building public facilities.

3. What plays a key role in the boom of digital businesses in emerging markets?

A．The steady annual income.

B．The low cost of launching businesses.

C．The simplified procedure of setting up a business.

D．The thorough removal of the most feared obstacle.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．Emerging Economies Are Seeking Their Fortune

B．The Digital Impact Is Huge on Global Productivity

C．The Era of Rapid Digitization Is Around the Corner

D．Digital Technology Will Save Slow Emerging Markets

3 . It's tough to see or hear of a friend in crisis. One idea to keep in mind is that it is healthy for the distressed person to feel what he or she feels in the moment. When a person in crisis feels understood, he or she feels less alone and connected to the person who understands.

A person who experiences empathy(同理心)from a friend who can “go there”for a few minutes in order to authentically understand while still maintaining a strong and supportive attitude may be relieving and healing. While a friend is telling you about the circumstance, the first and most important step is to listen for feelings, not ways to solve the problem.

For example, a friend is terribly upset because her husband is threatening to leave her. After fully honoring the feelings, it is important to ask the friend what would help. Maybe it is a good cry and some ice cream. Perhaps it's a glass of wine and a walk. Everyone has different ways of dealing. Be respectful and ask the friend what she needs or wants, not what you prescribe.

Take a second example, say a close friend is being misrepresented by other friends. The friends are gossiping about her. During a conversation with her, listen for feelings. Honor her hurt and shock. The same equation is useful with a partner.

Helping a friend or partner in crisis not only helps the person, but creates closeness and trust in the relationship, making opening up in the probable future. In addition, the person who is empathizing feels positive because he or she was able to help. When a person is truly able to comfort and reassure a loved one, he or she feels vital and useful, strengthening the relationship.

1. What should we do first when we know a friend is in crisis？

A．Keep away from him/her.

B．Buy him/her a glass of wine.

C．Understand how he/she feels.

D．Show him/her ways to solve the problem.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to？

A．A way to solve the crisis.	B．A way to relieve a bad mood.
C．A way to listen for feelings.	D．A way to honor the feelings.

3. How does the author prove his/her idea？

A．By listing data.	B．By quoting sayings.
C．By giving examples.	D．By conducting surveys.

4. What does the text mainly talk about？

A．How to keep a loved one.	B．How to make new friends.
C．How to work with your partner.	D．How to help a friend in trouble.

4 . Tromso：the Arctic's most cosmopolitan（国际的）city

Tromso is a cosmopolitan place defined by pubs, a lively music scene and an events calendar that includes everything from traditional native festivals to the Arctic's largest pride celebration.

Mild temperatures and a 2-month-long night

Tromso, about 70, 000 permanent residents, has relatively mild temperatures, which might help explain Tromso’s current popularity as an Arctic destination. Like other places in the Arctic, Tromso experiences polar night, during which the sun never rises above the horizon. Polar night does have several hours of dark during the“daytime”, even on the shortest day of the year.

A gateway to the Arctic

Some people come here to cross"the Arctic"off their life list. For domestic tourists as well as international visitors, the attractions include the chance to go skiing in the mountains right outside the city. If you aren't a ski-jumping fan, the city also has some of the world's northernmost professional sports activities for you to take part in, including a soccer team that plays in Norway's top league. Snowshoeing, dogsledding and winter hiking are also on the agenda.

One of Europe's coolest music destinations

There are regular traditional music concerts in the Tromso Cathedral. The weekend-long Insomnia Festival takes place here each October and the DJ Music Festival each November. Though it began as（and remains） an electronic music festival, other genres （流派）from Norway and Europe are also represented.

Wintertime events and festivals

After the sun returns in January, Tromso hosts Sami Week to celebrate the region's native people. Films, reindeer racing and other cultural events are part of the activities. The Arctic Pride takes place each November in Tromso, calling itself the Northernmost Pride Festival in the world. It features lectures, shows, a parade, parties and concerts.

1. Why is Tromso popular as an Arctic destination according to the text？

A．It can broaden people's horizon.

B．The climate there agrees with tourists.

C．The shortest daytime appears there.

D．It has the same polar night as other polar cities.

2. What can travellers probably do in Tromso？

A．Go skiing right inside the city.

B．Enjoy electronic music just from India.

C．Play soccer with some professional athletes.

D．Go hiking with their friends at home and abroad.

3. In which activity or festival public speakers are needed？

A．The Arctic Pride.	B．The Sami Week.
C．The Insomnia Festival.	D．The DJ Music Festival.

5 . For thousands of years, salting was a common way to preserve food. Corned beef (咸牛肉）, bacon, green beans, and hundreds of other foods were preserved with salt.    1     Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Louis Pasteur discovered the secret: bacteria.

What does salt have to do with bacteria? Two things: First, bacteria need moisture (水分）to grow and multiply. Salt pulls moisture out of food, so the bacteria die.     2     If you cover food with salt or very salty liquid, bacteria outside the food die before they get in, and bacteria already in the food are poisoned by the salt that goes inside.

    3     For meat or fish,you pour on a layer of salt, then rub it in well, leaving a salt crust (盾）all over the outside. Hams are often made this way. Another way is to put food into very salty water, called brine (卤水）.    4     The salt will draw the moisture out of the food, creating a kind of brine that the food sits in.

Today, in most parts of the world, salting, is no longer necessary.     5     But even though we no longer rely on salt to keep our food fresh, we haven’t lost our taste for salt. We don’t want to give up our bacon, corned beef or salted beans.

A．So how do you preserve food with salt?

B．Next, it can make food too salty to eat.

C．Second, salt is poisonous to many bacteria.

D．But for a long time, no one knew why salt worked.

E．You can alternate layers of food and salt in a big jar.

F．People buy food in cans, keep it in the refrigerator, or freeze it.

G．They use salt to preserve meat, fish, vegetables, and even fruit.

6 . Picture this: You’re playing soccer with friends. As you kick the ball, you realize the bottom of your foot feels cold and wet. You turn your sneaker up to look at the sole (鞋底). A big crack(裂缝) is letting water from the ground in. When you get home, you throw your ruined sneakers away.

Now imagine another ending to the story. You don’t throw the sneakers away. Instead, you push the two sides of the cracked sole together so they’re touching. You leave the sneaker in a warm spot. A few hours later, the crack disappears.

Thanks to Qiming Wang, a professor at the University of Southern California, a self-healing (自我修复的) sneaker sole could soon become reality. Wang and his team have invented 3D printable rubber that could fix itself. When it’s exposed to heat, it causes a chemical reaction that bonds its atoms back together. The material could be used to3D print not only sneaker soles, but also toys, bike tires, even satellites.

To 3D print a self-healing object, the first step is to make a model of it on the computer. The model is “divided” into 100 smaller pictures. This first picture is projected onto a thin laver (层) of the rubber, which starts as a liquid. The rubber takes on the shape of the picture, and the light from the projection turns it from liquid to solid. The next picture is projected on another layer of liquid rubber on top of the first one. The final, complete shape is built up layer by layer like this.

Many footwear companies want to buy this technology. First, though, Wang and his team have to try to make the material in different levels of hardness. Wang thinks it will take two or three years for their material to show up in shoes we buy in stores.

One exciting thing about the special rubber is the amount of waste it can reduce, Plus, it can self-heal “more than 10 times”. When it can’t heal anymore, it can be recycled.

1. How does the author introduce the topic?

A．By asking questions for readers to think about.

B．By presenting a possible situation in our life.

C．By telling an interesting story about himself.

D．By comparing different research findings.

2. What is the key to the self-healing process?

A．Proper temperature.

B．Strong light.

C．Enough water.

D．Fresh air.

3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The process of 3D printing a self-healing object.

B．The steps to make the self-healing rubber.

C．The material of self-healing objects.

D．The advantages of 3D printing.

4. What do we know about the special rubber?

A．It has a high price.

B．It is environment-friendly.

C．It has a very short usage period.

D．It is being tried by footwear companies.

7 . Nanny (保姆)Positions

Applicant Requirements:

·Be at least 21 years of age.

·Have a minimum of 3 years of private in-home childcare experience.

·Provide phone and e-mail information for 2 recent childcare employment references.

·Provide current US work authorization.

·Be able to make a minimum one-year commitment.

Battery Park

Here is the schedule: Monday 2:30 pm—6:30 pm, Tuesday 4:30 pm—6:30pm, Wednesday 3:30 pm—6:30pm, Friday 7:30 am—6:30 pm. Children include 2 girls and a boy. Responsibilities include children’s care, playful engagement (参与)and organization of their spaces and belongings, children’s laundry and evening baths.

Brooklyn

The schedule is Tuesday to Friday from 11 am—7 pm. One 6-month-old boy. Responsibilities are all related to the baby and his care. You'll monitor and promote his continued strong development, provide clothing care and healthy meal options. Please like cats; they have an animal friend.

Forest Hills

The schedule is Monday to Friday from 2:15 pm—7:15 pm. A boy aged 9 and a girl aged 5. Responsibilities include school pick-ups, homework help, children’s meal preparation and keeping the common areas tidy. There are no pets, no travel and there is a weekly housekeeper for deep cleaning.

The Upper East Side (UES)

The schedule is Monday to Thursday from 2:30 pm—8 pm and Fridays from around noon—7:30 pm. Children include a 3-year-old boy and a 4-year-old girl. Responsibilities are all child-related and a willingness to work alongside the full-time nanny to help with meal preparation. Must swim and drive.

For more information, please call 1-212-333-6411.

1. What is required of all applicants?

A．Living in the US for three years.

B．Working as a nanny for at least one year.

C．Working for no less than 30 hours per week.

D．Offering former employers’ phone numbers.

2. When is the working time for the Battery Park position?

A．Monday morning.

B．Tuesday morning.

C．Wednesday morning.

D．Friday morning.

3. What is a responsibility for the UES position?

A．Taking care of a cat.

B．Helping prepare meals.

C．Cleaning the house thoroughly.

D．Picking up children after school.

8 . Over the past 20 years, Zhang Bi has donated her blood more than 130 times to help people in need.

Zhang, 44, an employee of a company in Yichang, Hubei province, first donated blood in 1998 while studying at Wuhan University of Technology. “It was in the summer when I was with my classmates, and medical workers were promoting the idea of voluntary blood donations, ” she recalled. To mark her upcoming graduation with a degree in international trade and commerce, she decided to donate 200 milliliters of blood. “In fact, I was jittery at first, ”she said. “But with the nurse explaining things and providing guidance, I gained basic knowledge and finally calmly finished the blood donation.”

After graduation, she began to donate blood once or twice a year. In May 2001, an incident touched Zhang and deepened her understanding of voluntary blood donation. Her brother, a traffic policeman, was attacked and got hurt in a lung after dealing with an illegally operated motorcycle. He suffered blood loss and needed massive blood, but for lack of supplies in the blood bank, all the police officers in the city volunteered to donate blood. “Finally, with the help of the volunteers, my brother was saved, ”she said.

From then on, she began to donate blood every six months, the maximum allowed, according to the Blood Donation Law. In 2006, Zhang's father had a heart surgery and needed blood. Zhang had donated so much blood that she had earned enough “credits” for receiving the blood her father needed from the blood center.

Yi Xiaomei, an official at the Yichang Blood Center, said there are more than 400 regular blood donors in the city. “They have made great contributions to blood donation in the city, ” Yi said. “Zhang Bi, as a typical example, tries her best to guarantee the quality and quantity of blood.” Zhang said donating blood is not only good for the recipient Abut improves her own mental and physical well-being. “I hope I can continue as long as my physical condition can meet the donor requirements, ”she said.

1. What does the underlined word “jittery” mean in paragraph 2？

A．Excited.	B．Curious.
C．Nervous.	D．Embarrassed.

2. What played an important part in saving Zhang Bi’s brother？

A．The blood in the blood bank.

B．The help of the police officers.

C．Zhang Bi’s donation of blood.

D．The contribution of an official at the Blood Center.

3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？

A．Blood Center has no limit in donating blood.

B．Yichang has the best and most blood donors in China.

C．Blood donors make a little money from blood donation.

D．Donating blood benefits both the recipient and the donor.

4. What's the best title for the text？

A．A Blood Donor Proves Love not in Vain.

B．Our Society Needs Women's Contribution.

C．An Accident Changed a Traffic Policeman.

D．Blood Donors Promoted Voluntary Blood Donation.

9 . Imagine you are floating in space on a huge NASA spacecraft. A satellite is on a collision course with your spaceship. You have just been told by your commanders on Earth to evacuate. You and your teammates have to make rapid decisions for your escape and survival.

Engaging children in a NASA mission (任务) is a lesson that 23 pre-service teachers (职前教师)were taught to carry out at a recent Pre-Service Teacher Institute (PSTI) summer workshop (讲习班)at NASA’s Ames Research Center.

At this two-week workshop, these college students were given hands-on activities designed to increase their skills in teaching STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) . They were shown how to include NASA missions and research into their lesson plans. They met with NASA engineers and were given tours of NASA facilities (设施)by the latter to help them develop and teach a problem-based lesson to children.

“NASA is pleased to support college students who want to teach STEM to young children,” said Lewis Braxton, director of the research center. “It was exciting to see PSII students fully engaged in developing new skills in STEM to meet the challenges of a space-related teaching task,” said Steve Price, the principal investigator of PSTI at California State University, Fresno.

“PSTI has provided me with the necessary tools and techniques to fully develop my skills as a teacher. I’ll use what I’ve learned to help my students succeed in their studies,” said Elijah Carnillo, one of the pre-service teachers.

1. What does the underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Withdraw.

B．Wait.

C．Follow.

D．Resist.

2. What is the purpose of the PSTI workshop?

A．To invite students to engage in NASA missions.

B．To encourage graduates to work at NASA.

C．To introduce the latest space technology.

D．To help with space-related STEM teaching.

3. What did NASA engineers do for the PSTI students?

A．They graded their homework.

B．They adjusted their work schedules.

C．They built them a spacecraft model.

D．They showed them some space equipment.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．PSTI: Getting You Ready for Your Class

B．STEM: The Key to a Successful Career

C．Space: The Final Homework Frontier

D．NASA: The Home of Astronauts

10 . As a children's author and former English teacher, Abi Elphinstone has spent almost all of her life surrounded by the written word. Now an ambassador for the charity Coram Beanstalk, Ms Elphinstone plays a key role in championing the importance of literacy (读写能力）and the role played by its volunteers.

The charity has teamed up with the i (a British newspaper) to increase the number of its helpers, which it sends into schools to give children aged 3 to 13 who have fallen behind with their reading or are at risk of doing so support with their reading.

“I think there is an absolute need to reach kids who don't have access to books,” she said. “Just reading for 10 minutes a day improves a child’s achievement at school. Books show children the world is big and varied and full of wonder.”

And Ms Elphinstone knows first-hand how tricky reading is from her own experience. “In class when the teacher said 'could you read aloud', the words would jump all over the page and I’d stumble （结巴）and lose so much confidence,” she said. “That was difficult. Until way after leaving school, I just assumed I needed to put in a lot more work than other people to finish an essay or process information.”

Nowadays she thinks one of the biggest challenges is the competition books face from screens, which are being used by children for everything from videos and games to social media.

“There's so much demand on their time and it’s such an easy, quick-fix demand,” she said. “It's immediate satisfaction. Screens are loud and books whisper with quieter magic, but I think the effects are transformative and they are longer lasting than a Screen.”

This is where she thinks Coram Beanstalk can help, both with reading and also making children Feel valued.

1. Why did Coram Beanstalk work with the i ?

A．To advertise its ambassador.

B．To find more book donators.

C．To attract more people to volunteer.

D．To help increase the newspaper's subscription.

2. What is the goal of Coram Beanstalk?

A．To teach children English.

B．To encourage reading in children.

C．To inspire children to write books.

D．To improve children's social skills.

3. Which of the following Ms Elphinstone's school experience?

A．She had limited access to books.

B．She could hardly finish reading a book.

C．She was afraid of reading loudly in public.

D．She seldom handed in her class essay on time.

4. What's Ms Elphinstone's opinion on screens?

A．They affect children in a quict way.

B．They have a short-term effect on children.

C．They offer children easy access to books.

D．They bring children transformative change.