Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide    1    of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important     2    . Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter     3     different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing     4    , gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs,faiths, and     5     towards life.Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest. I have to     6     that It definitely feels good to be back in the city again which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that     7     (occur) in 1906. There are a wide range of beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills,     8     great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.My hotel is near downtown in the Mission District, one of the     9     parts of the city. In fact, an art movement called the ‘‘Mission School’’ started here. It’s     10     by graffiti art and comic art.

The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)

New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters c    1     less on religious themes. They began to a    2     a more humanistic attitude to life. An important b    3     during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio. I    4     painters such as Leonardo da Vince, Michelangelo, and Raphael built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.

Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colors and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its h    5     with Rembrandt, who gained a r    6     as a master of shadow and light.

In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly s    7     from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, n    8    , and people of high rank wanted to p    9     accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most c    10     wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.

    1    to be attracted to computer games and the online world... I think you should     2    . Why not..... Each statue has a different face,     3    that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still     4    .... However,     5    knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well.

I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is     1     I’m above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets. Checking my     2    . I see that it is 7: 30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain     3    . Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the v    4     below. I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place with no roads or     5    .

Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of i    6    . Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. Following the reindeer were the Sami     7    , who made this t    8     their home. Getting here is quite difficult, so     9     from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural     10    .

During the Middle Ages, the p    1     of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. T    2    , artists were not interested in painting r    3     scenes. Their works were often p    4     and two-dimensional, and the main c    5     were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his paintings still had r    6     themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In p    7    , his paintings are set a    8     f    9     other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional i    10    .

Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8,000 statues were made in the third century BCE     1     of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue has a different face,     2     that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor's huge tomb, which still has not been     3    . More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one    4     knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they    5    .

When she was five years old, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death. At age 18, she chose to study medicine instead of following the traditional path of     1     (marry) like the majority of girls. Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College(PUMC). She            2     (immediate)became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve.

After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in the US. She greatly impressed her American     3     (同事)and they invited her to stay. However, she     4     (拒绝)the offer. In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever     5     (appoint) director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Dr Lin opened a private     6     (诊所)to help people in need and charged very low     7     (费用) and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen     8     (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.

The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954, she            9    (elect) to the first National People's Congress and held many important positions.

Though she never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime. And she didn't     10     (退休)until the day she died.