Confucius (孔子) is honored     1    setting the tone for much traditional Chinese music for thousands of years. He    2    (think) to be a great educator. However, he is also a    3    (talent) musician who was able to play several instruments expertly. Perhaps nowadays for people around the world, music     4    (mean) mainly for amusement. But during the time of the Zhou Dynasty about 500 B. C., music    5    (have) an important role in making the society stable.

How music was used and performed is expressed in several main Confucian books. Confucius taught that     6    (educate) somebody, you should start with poems, emphasize propriety, and finish with music.

Musical knowledge was    7    matter of higher learning. It is said that among the six most important subjects to study, he ranked music higher than the other five necessary subjects like writing and mathematics.

Music was important because in ancient China, the ideal society was to be governed mainly by ritual (礼制) functions,and in a culture    8    people behaved according to ritual, music was used to help govern them. So music wasn't really     9    (entertain), but a means for the ruler to accomplish political and social goals . Music is     10    ( eventual ) a means of realizing social happiness.

According to a report released by the United Nations, there were 815 million undernourished（营养不良的）people in the world in 2016. Yet, 1.3 billion tons of food     1    （waste）every year around the world， which is about one-third of all food produced each year, according to the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization.

    2    （get）a better understanding of different countries’ food waste problems, the Economist Intelligence Unit recently surveyed 34 nations according to their food system sustainability（可持续性）. According to the report，France topped the list of food sustainability，followed by Japan and Germany.

The    3    （perform）of these countries is largely related to their policies to deal with food waste. For example，France was the first country to pass laws to ban（禁止）food waste. In France, it's illegal for supermarkets to throw away    4    （sell）food, and French restaurants must provide doggy bags for people's leftovers.

Germany is trying to deal with the problem by reforming expiration dates（到期日）. “We found in our study that many people believed they should throw away products    5    the `best before' date has expired,” Martin Kranert, chair of Stuttgart University's waste management department, told Deutsche Welle. “This is not at all case, and such a lack of knowledge is the first thing     6    has to change.”

Some countries are still falling behind when it comes to     7    （prevent）food waste, however. For example, the United Arab Emirates wastes the most food, with each of its citizens throwing away about 1,000 kilograms every year     8    average.

China has been working hard to reduce food waste. In early 2013, the country's Clean Your Plate Campaign started,     9    （encourage）people not to waste anything on their plate.

“If people are more aware of the amount of food waste they produce and everyone plays a role in reducing their personal food waste, we can do     10    （well）as a community,” Joyce Chan from the Foodlink Foundation, a Hong Kong charity dedicated to reducing food waste, told China Daily.

With the development of society, interpersonal relationship has been a heated topic in our daily life.

    1    increasing number of people find it important in career success. Being polite is the first and most important step    2    (develop) good relationship among friends. Polite words can be very powerful in your daily life.

Always saying please and thank you will make your friends more    3    (comfort) and more willing to offer help when necessary. We all know that one man’s success is based on    4     he or she deals with people. Always be grateful for other people’s kindness and show your gratitude through the words you speak. The more support you win from other people, the    5    (fast) you will move towards your goal.

Although some people may    6    (obvious) ignore the importance of being polite, we students should form good     7    (habit) and behave in good manners. First, learn to be friendly    8    your parents and relatives at home. Then at school, listen respectfully when your teachers instruct you. Follow and accept their advice to improve    9    (you). You will make further progress if you express your gratitude in time.

Remember, being polite    10    (cost) nothing but it is worth millions of dollars.

Dogs are not toys and their needs should be taken into consideration. Dog owners in Germany will    1     (require)to walk their pets at least twice a day if a new law passes.

The country's agricultural minister Julia Klockner proposed a law that would order dog owners to walk their dogs at least twice a day for a total of an hour or more     2     (let) their dogs take enough exercise. The new law would also stop owners from     3     (leave)their pets home alone all day or tying     4     (they)up outside for a long period of time. The law also includes a limit for dog owners on     5     number of dogs they can keep.

The idea behind the law is to make sure the country's dogs get enough exercise and stay     6     (health). The proposed law has brought forth different opinions from dog owners and those     7       are working in the animal industry.

"There are lots of     8     (way)to enrich your dog's life without a strict law, and exercise needs are different depending on the size, type and age of the dog, ”Lindsay Hamrick, a worker of the Humane Society of the United States said. Meanwhile, dog trainer Anja Striegel said, "Staying at home all day     9    (do)the species little good.   A large part of the problems that dog owners have    10       their animals these days arise from lack of exercise.

Imagine     1     (fly) down a mountain at 70, 80, even 90 miles per hour. Ski racing is not for the faint of heart. It takes a rare     2     (combine) of skill and courage.

Consider then Ralph Green. He does it with one leg. “He’s hard at work, towards his goal of becoming     3     Olympic champion. More     4     (specific), a Paralympic champion.

“This winter Ralph and     5     (dozen) of other athletes will train for a spot on the United States’ Disabled Ski Team and the chance     6     (compete) in the Paralympic Games.

“We have people that ski visually impaired, with a guide in front of them. We have paralysed athletes who ski in     7     you call a mono-ski (单板式滑雪板). We have people that ski with one arm or someone like me that skis with one leg.”

Green grew up in Brooklyn and he     8     (lose) his leg in an accident.     9     Green is broken in body, he is firm in spirit.

“Don’t be afraid to be different. Don’t be afraid to think outside the box.” And Green is speaking from experience. “I never thought I could have an impact     10     somebody else’s life.”

More than twenty American states ban smoking in public.     1     study has proved that smoke-free laws can reduce a major effect of tobacco—heart disease.The study     2     (take) place in Pueblo, Colorado several years ago. In some states, there were 396 heart attack     3     (patient) in the year before the ban in hospitals.

However,18 months     4     the ban, the number was 237. Smoking in enclosed (封闭的) places is very     5     (harm) to non-smoke. Adults may think they are     6     (actual) protecting their children from second-hand smoke when they smoke outside their homes, or when the children are not there. However, researchers     7     (warn) of what they call “third-hand smoke” so far. When you smoke they say, dangerous matter from tobacco smoke gets into     8     (you) hair and clothing. Then, when you touch a baby, the baby comes into contact with that poisonous matter. The researchers also found that people,     9     agreed that smoke was bad for children’s health, were more likely to have restriction on     10     (smoke) in their homes than others.

My friend had a chance to make a trip to Hong Kong    1     August 15, 2015. He had dreamed about     2    (visit) it since his boyhood and it was the first time that he    3    (be) there. The following was what he had seen.

Arriving there, he was     4    (surprise) by its beautiful scenery and tall     5    (building). As we all know, Hong Kong has the most skyscrapers in the world. Wherever he     6    (go), he saw many smiling faces. People in Hong Kong were kind, generous, easy-going and ready to help others. Much to his surprise, he saw that people there always kept order in public places.     7    a great number of people were waiting for the next train at the subway station, they were talking in such     8     low voice as not to bother others.

Chinese and English are the official languages of Hong Kong. English is     9    (wide) used in governments, markets, service centers and other fields.

Staying there for a week was a good experience for him,     10     he would never forget.

9 . China is a big old country and it has a history of more than five thousand years. We are proud of    1     (it) culture and part of the culture even influences the world     2     (great), for example, the thought of Confucius. As Chinese economy develops very fast and plays     3     important role in the world, more and more     4    (foreign) learn Mandarin (普通话) in Confucius institutions. The Chinese traditional culture can be tested by the time. It unites the whole nation and no matter     5    kind of disaster comes, we will fight together for the country’s future. Today, many young people lose     6     (faithful) in traditional culture and they are crazy     7    the western culture. They follow the western fashion,     8    (think) we are the old style. But someday, they     9    (realize) they are wrong     10    (abandon) traditional culture.