A recent survey has found that many people suffer from sleep problems. Some are     1     (able) to fall asleep, some wake up in the middle of the night, and others     2    (simple) do not get enough sleep. One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep     3     (be) pressure from school or work. Noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute     4     sleep problems. In     5     short term, people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble concentrating. In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being overweight and     6     (suffer) a heart attack. Sleep problems are especially dangerous for     7     (teenager). They are still growing and night is the time when     8     (they) bodies grow faster. Teenagers     9     do not sleep well may experience situations where body development slows down, and their health suffers.

So, if you have trouble getting a good night’s sleep, it might be time     10     (make) some changes in your lifestyle.

Alice was a stubborn girl     1     always wanted to be a singer. Music was the     2     important thing in her life. She took lessons for years and     3     (practice) hard, but in spite of all the efforts she made, her voice didn’t improve. In fact, it didn’t get better, it just got     4     (loud).

Her teacher     5     (final) gave up and stopped the lessons,     6     Alice refused to give in, and one day she decided to give a concert and invited her teacher     7     (attend). The teacher was very worried about     8     to say after the concert. She knew it would be terrible and it was. She didn’t want to tell a lie, but she didn’t want to hurt Alice’s feelings, either. Then she got an idea and went backstage (后台) to greet her pupil.

“Well,” said Alice, “What do you think of     9     (I) singing?”

“My dear,” said the teacher, “you’ll never be better     10     you were tonight.”

The use of chopsticks has been     1     big part of Chinese food culture for centuries. When cooking food or picking it up, a pair of chopsticks always comes for use.

So how did chopsticks come into being? It’s said that a leader of ancient China, Dayu,     2     helped his people fight floods, invented them. In those days, people     3     (eat) only with their hands. But Dayu was busy    4     (prepare) for flood control work and often had his meals     5     the wild. In the summer in particular, he hurried to deal with unexpected accidents and didn’t want to wait to eat. The meat     6     (cook) in the pot was too hot to pick up with his hands. So one day Dayu picked up some twigs (细枝)     7     (help) him hold the meat. Then the twigs     8     (final) became the chopsticks we know today.

But of course, this is just a story. The     9     (early) chopsticks archaeologists (考古学家) have found so far are more than 3000 years old, dating back to the Shang Dynasty. The six bronze chopsticks were found in Yinxu, one of China’s oldest archaeological     10     (place), in Anyang, Henan province.

Three months ago, I moved to Italy with my parents. One day, after playing badminton, I was about     1    (leave) the club when I saw Amma. She’s an old lady in her late 60s, and she is responsible     2     cleaning the floor of the club. At that time, she was talking to the boss of the club,     3    (ask) for some cash. Her hand was in pain and she wanted     4    (see) the doctor. The boss gave her some excuses and escaped     5    (quick).

I felt bad for her.     6     I had never talked with Amma before, I walked to her and opened my wallet. I knew I didn’t have much money, but I gave her whatever I had in my wallet. In my     7    (break) Italian, I tried to say “Amma, please take the money and see a doctor”, but I didn’t know if my     8    (express) was correct. She seemed to have understood me and said “Thank you!”.

When I went to a nearby restaurant for dinner, surprisingly I found one bill,     9     was more than enough for my meal.     10     next day, I came across Amma, and even though it was very dark in the street, she recognized me and waved to me.

Sports should help a man to learn fairness, not only in games but also in life. If two teams play     1     game, one team must lose. If a dozen     2     (team) attend an athletic competition, one team will get the most points and all the     3     eleven teams will get fewer points. If a school team comes out last, that is no loss of face.     4     that team and that school must do is to admit that it     5     (lose). The only intelligent reaction     6     defeat must be: next year we will do our best to come out on top, because from now on we will devote     7     (our) to a stricter course of training under competent instructors.

Lessons     8     (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. But even more     9     (value) are the lessons learned in extra­curricular activities in school: in speech, dramatic and musical contests, in “house” activities, and,     10     (especial), in the student council.

The United Kingdom or the UK     1     (make) up of four countries. They are England,Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It has     2    interesting and long history. Wherever you go in the country, you will be surrounded by     3    (evident) of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The Romans,     4     great achievements included building towns and roads, came in the first century. Then in the     5     (five) century arrived Anglo-Saxons who introduced the English language and changed the way people built houses. The Vikings came in the eighth century. They     6     (leave) behind lots of new vocabulary and also the names of many locations across the UK. The last group, the Normans, conquered England in the 11th century. They had castles     7     (build) all around there. The Normans were in fact French, so many French words     8     (slow) entered into the English language.

The UK is a     9     (fascinate) mix of history and modern culture. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past    10    its present.

In the field of sports there are some famous living legends, such as Lang Ping, and Michael Jordan.

As a player, Lang Ping brought not only honour but also glory to     1     (she) country. As     2     coach, she led the China Women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships as well as the Olympic Games. As a person, she is     3     (love) by fans at home and abroad. Before the 2015 World Cup, she     4     (face) a great challenge — two important     5     (player) had to leave because of health problems. However, Lang Ping didn’t lose heart and she led her volleyball team     6     (win) the championship.

Known as “Air Jordan”, Michael Jordan changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive but the mental strength     7     (make) him unique. The secret to his success is learning     8     his failures. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his     9     (succeed) with others. The Boys and Girls Club     10     he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.

Litter is everywhere, doing great harm to the environment and life on our planet. Jeff Kirschner, who wants to build a litter-free world, started a global community named Litterati     1     (settle) this problem.

The story began with his 6-year-old daughter. One day they were going on a hike     2     the girl noticed a broken plastic tub in a river. She said, “Daddy, that doesn’t go there.” That took Kirschner by surprise. He, like many adults, bad become so used to the rubbish around them that he hadn’t given it     3     second look.     4     his daughter said reminded him of the serious problem our planet faces.

Jeff started to take action. He created Litterati, an app that makes it fun to pick up litter. The idea is     5     (fair) simple: Spot a piece of trash, take a photo, post the photo online and then put the litter into dustbins.

    6     that Jeff was keeping a record of the positive impact he was having     7     the environment, people worldwide started participating in it. Up to now, over 2,500,000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries     8     their way to Litterati’s digital landfill.

Litterati is more than an app,     9     is a highly effective solution to a pressing issue. Wherever you live, whatever you do and whoever you are, join Litterati to make the world a cleaner and     10     (health) place to live in!