2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Many procedures are available for obtaining data about a language.     1    range from a carefully planned, intensive field investigation of a foreign language in a foreign country to a casual study of one’s own mother tongue carried out in an armchair at home. To do this, someone has to act as a source of language data-an informant. Informants are ideally native speakers of a language,    2    provide words and sentences for analysis and other kinds of information about the language.

Many factors must be considered when selecting informants—    3    one is working with a single speaker or more people interacting. Age, sex, social background and other aspects of identity are important, as these factors are known to influence the type of the language used. The topic of conversation and the characteristics of the social setting are also highly relevant,    4    are the personal qualities of the informants.

Today, researchers often tape-record informants. This enables the linguist’s claims about the language    5    (check), and provides a way of making those claims more accurate as difficult pieces of speech can be listened to repeatedly. But obtaining naturalistic, good-quality data is never easy. People talk abnormally when they know they    6    (record), and sound quality can be poor. A variety of tape-recording procedures have thus been devised to minimize the ‘observer’s paradox’, a situation in which people feel strange to each other. Some recordings are made    7    the speakers being aware of the fact—a procedure that obtains very natural data, though ethical objections must be expected. Alternatively, attempts can be made to make the speaker forget about the recording,    8    keeping the tape recorder out of sight, or using radio microphones. A useful technique is to introduce a topic that quickly involves the speaker, and stimulates a natural language style, like asking older informants about how times have changed in their locality.

An audio tape recording does not solve all the linguist’s problems, however. Speech is often ambiguous or unclear. Where possible, therefore, the recording has to be supplemented by the observer’s    9    (write)comments on the non-verbal behavior of the participants, and about the context in general. A facial expression, for example, can dramatically alter the meaning of    10    is said. Video recordings avoid these problems to a large extent, but even they have limitations as the camera cannot be everywhere, and transcription always benefits from any additional commentary provided by an observer.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A new study found that    1    (own) a pet— particularly a dog—is good for the owner’s heart health.

The study looked at 1,768 people from Czech Republic and assessed (评估) them on seven kinds of health    2     (behave). Researchers then    3     (compare) the heart health scores of pet owners with those who didn’t own pets.

“In general, people       4     owned any pet were more likely to do more physical activities, better diet and blood sugar at an ideal (理想的) level,” researcher Andrea Maugeri said.“People who owned a dog can get the greatest     5     (beneficial) from having a pet.”

“Keeping a pet could be a    6     (hope) way of improving heart health,” Maugeri added, “because it would make you have a more    7     (physical) active lifestyle.”

In fact, the study is not the first to suggest that dogs can do good    8     our hearts. In 2013, the AHA said that dog owners have a    9     (low) risk of heart disease than people who don’t keep dogs because people with dogs    10     (be) more physically active.

5 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Zhang Guimei, devoted to education in China’s southwestern borders for 40 years, is     1       “mother” for more than 170 children, motivating young girls from poor families in mountainous areas. She has lit up hopes of many for education.

Zhang was born in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang province in 1957. She came to Yunnan province at 17,     2     (respond) to the call of the country to support the development of border areas. Teaching at a middle school there, she saw the low     3     (admit) of girls to high school. It saddened her so much to find out that these girls     4     (abandon) their school work long before due to poverty.     5     , Zhang decided to build a free all-girl high school in 2002, in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain.

In 2007, Zhang went to Beijing as a deputy for the 17th CPC National Congress. Her speech “I Have a Dream”     6     (address) at the meeting made her dream of building a free all-girl high school known     7     all. A year later, the school was completed as the first free all-girl high school in China.

On June 29, Zhang     8     (award) July 1st Medal at a ceremony in Beijing,     9     she said she did this out of her gratitude and love for the country, as well as her identity     10     (origin) as a CPC member. As long as she was still capable, she would stand in the classroom to give her all without regret.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

With a score of 2-0, China’s women’s table tennis team won against their competitors from the Netherlands during the class 6-8 final at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics on Thursday.

Wang Rui, one of the three Chinese gold medalists, came from Chengdu in Southwest China and was     1     survivor of the Wenchuan earthquake. In 2008, Wang     2     (lose) her leg at the age of 15 in the earthquake. With the support from     3     (she) family, she joined the Chengdu table tennis team for the disabled in 2009. At a training center, Wang began to learn how     4     (play) table tennis. She worked hard and practised swinging the paddle for eight     5     (hour) every day. She fell in love with the sport and     6     (gradual) overcame the trauma (创伤) of losing her right leg.

Through her own efforts, Wang     7     (choose) for the Sichuan provincial table tennis team for the disabled, and then to the     8     (nation) team. The sport of table tennis gave her a second life as well     9     a chance to realize her Olympic champion dream. She was thankful to her parents,    10     gave her unconditional love and support.

7 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Tai Chi, a centuries—old Chinese martial art and     1     internationally popular form of exercise, has been added     2     the UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage(非物质文化遗产) list. For more than 10 years, China has been trying to have Tai Chi     3     (recognize)officially by the UNESCO on the List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类).

“Tai Chi is not just a sport to make people fit,     4     it contains Chinese culture and life attitude,” said researcher Yan Shuangjun. “The application     5     (start)from 2008 and now we gain a victory     6     will help this sport reach more places.”

Tai Chi has a massive and devoted following. Millions of elderly Chinese people practise it every day in parks, and famous people and other public figures regularly make public     7     (refer)to their practice of it for the health benefits it is said to provide. According to the Mayo Clinic in the United States, doing Tai Chi can result in     8     (reduce)stress, anxiety and joint(关节)pain.

The traditional Chinese martial art was born in the village of Chenjiagou, in central China’s Henan Province, in the 17th century. It now has more than 100 million practitioners     9     (globe). In China, it is common that Tai Chi     10     (show)in film and on TV.

8 . 语法填空

Following the new Venom movie, Marvel’s future in the Chinese mainland looks unclear for its poor reputation     1    (cause) by the limitation of “political correctness”, as it     2     (be) more than 2 years since Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) released its last movie in the mainland, Spider-Man: Far From Home.

Currently, there are no signs that Marvel’s latest movies, Venom: Let There Be Carnage and Spider-Man: No Way Home, will be released in the Chinese mainland. Venom was     3     (original) scheduled to be released in 2020 but because of     4    pandemic (流行病) it was just launched in North America in October, 2021. While the Spider-man movie franchise was looking forward to       5    (seize) the mainland market, this time it followed the same fate     6    its Marvel predecessors.

Could any of the box office blockbusters, including Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings, Eternals, Venom and Spider-Man have any chance to be screened in the Chinese mainland? The Global Times took this opportunity to inquire with MCU but did not receive any specific comments     7    the issue.

According to news outlet insider, industry experts believe that besides the repeated failure to release its movies in the Chinese mainland, Marvel has several     8    (problem) in movie productions. Setting aside the controversial issue of Fu Manchu’s image in Shang-Chi and the new Spider-Man,    9    has an undetermined future in the mainland, Eternals and Venom frequently have failed to be released in the world’s largest movie market.

Eternals has been slammed with the worst reviews ever for a MCU movie with a score of 48 percent in Rotten Tomatoes, the    10    (low) of any of the 26 titles the MCU's franchise according to The Hollywood Reporter.

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填 入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Peru, a county     1     the Pacific coast of South America, is well-known for its diverse geography. time honored history and magnificent civilization. The county was the center of the powerful ancient Inca Empire in the 1400s and 1500s, when the Inca emperor     2     (live) in the now-famous site Machu Picchu.     3     nation was under the control of Spain from the 16^th century to 1821. It is because of this     4     Spanish is the main     5    (office) language of Peru.

If you are to visit Peru, you may consider spending a day or two     6     (wander) along the beautiful streets in Cusco,     7     was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13^th until the 16^th century. It is also recommended that you     8     (pay) a visit to Machu Picchu, where you can admire the     9     (amaze) dry stone method of building. Being the world's catalogue, Peru is sure to leave an     10     (impress) on everyone.

10 . 阅读下面对话，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Black Friday, which is a popular holiday, is usually celebrated     1     day after Thanksgiving in the United States. On this day, Americans all over the country rise at dawn in order to stand at the head of the line at     2     (vary) stores, so that they can get deeply discounted deals offered by these stores.

This day     3     (call) Black Friday because it is the day on which many traders “hit the black”,     4     (mean) that they start to make money after being “in the red” all year long. The traders used     5     (write) with a red pen on their ledgers (账簿) to show losses and black inks to show gains. It is not how this holiday gets its name, but it is     6     (common) believed by the public to be the case.

Although this day continues to be a big holiday in the United States, it is beginning to lose some of its     7     (popular). That is     8     more and more people are turning their attention to online shopping. It allows them to buy     9     they want with convenience. As a result, Cyber (网络的)Monday appears, which is a day directly competes with Black Friday and may lead to     10     (it) downfall.