Hot, melted rock makes a volcano.     1    melted rock is called magma. The magma,     2    is very hot deep, comes from deep inside Earth.

The magma pushes up     3    cracks in solid rock. It collects in big underground spaces. The spaces are called magma chambers. The hot magma melts a tube through the rock up to the surface.     4    (sudden) it blasts up the tube and comes out of the ground.

The magma coming out is called an     5    (erupt). Sometimes the magma makes a big explosion     6    sometimes the magma pours out like a river of fire. Rocks, dust, ash, steam, and other hot gases can also blow out of a volcano.

Once magma erupts from a volcano, it is called lava. The lava     7    (harden) into rock after cooling.

A volcano can erupt many times. The lava can build up     8    (make) a mountain. Many mountains     9    (make) by volcanoes have a bowl-shaped dip in their top called a crater.

There are different kinds of volcanoes. Volcanoes come in     10    (vary) shapes and sizes.

Some volcanoes do not even look like mountains.

If your child’s learning English as a second language, I am     1     (convince) that there are many things you can do at home. As long as you can keep these things up, you     2     (help) him or her. First, it will help if you can read and write English at a higher level than your child.    3     it’s necessary and possible, take English lessons in order to better focus on your child’s learning needs. This will enable you     4     (sit) down with your child and read, although you may also consider hiring     5     private, one-on-one English tutor.

Many non-native speaking students     6     (enroll) in English as a Second Language (ESL) programs in their school. Some ESL programs have pulled out classes,     7     means that your child is pulled out of class for individual or group     8     (instruct) in English. Talk to your child’s teachers and other learning     9     (expert) to determine what style of education is best for your child’s individual learning needs and what you can do to help.

Success lies     10     (actual) in practice. Just encourage your child to follow these tips and practice.

The year was 1956.My husband and I and our nine-month-old baby,Pam,moved from St.Louis to Fort Worth,Texas.We found a     1     (love) apartment and settled in quickly.One chilly morning,I     2     (head) for the laundromat (洗衣店).I turned     3     the engine of our car     4     (warm) up the car and put Pam in her car seat,    5     back then was in the front seat.I locked the car door.Then I put the basket of laundry in the back seat and locked the other door.    6     (sudden),I realized I had locked the     7     (key) and my baby in the car and locked     8     (I) out.I immediately went into panic mode.My neighbors had gone to work,and there were no cell phones back then.As I looked up the street,I saw a red Ford pickup     9     (drive) toward me.The driver stopped when he saw me crying and waving my hands.The man on the passenger side of the truck got out and said,“I have a car just like this one;let me see if my key will open the door.” It did!I have told so many people that     10     passenger in a red Ford pickup was so kind.

Electric bicycles have made life a lot     1     (easy)for food delivery workers here in China. More than 10, 000 kilometers away, there was a familiar sight in New York City.     2    ， owing to a new policy, e-bikes can no longer be     3     (common)seen on the street over there.

City officials in New York are promising a crackdown(严厉打击)on e-bikes. The pollution-free vehicles are loved by environmentalists and the poor workforce     4     relies on them. But there     5     (be) also frequent complaints about the bicycles from drivers and pedestrians(行人)who consider them     6    public danger.

Now it is legal to own and sell the bicycles, but     7     (ride)them on the street could lead to a fine of up to $500. Businesses that equip their     8     (employee)with the bicycles will also be heavily fined.

The bicycles，which look just like regular bicycles, can reach speeds of 30 km/h and are sometimes operated recklessly(鲁莽的). Lots of people have stories about dangerous situations where they     9     (step)out into the street, only to be nearly hit by a quick-moving e-bike.

Police enforcement(强制执行)against the bicycles has already been tightened. Almost 1,000 of them     10     (take)away by the police since last year, an increase of several hundred from the year before.

Is there anybody who wants to grow old? When it comes to    1     (visit) cities，most of us want to visit the world’s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most     2     (attract) cities in the world that I’d like to recommend to you.

Luoyang     3     (stand) out as the oldest continually inhabited (居住的)city in Asia. The city     4     (consider) to be the birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China.     5    is no other city in China that has seen so many     6     (dynasty) like Luoyang.

    7    such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot to offer.The Long­men Grottoes,     8    has been included in the world Heritage List since 2000，and many historic Buddhist temples     9     (constant)attract tourists from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the    10     (early) Buddhist temple established in China.Are you anxious to visit the city?

First impressions

As a huge art fan, I knew exactly what I was looking forward to most about my trip to Paris: visiting the Musée d'Orsay.     1     (house) in an old railway building, this world-famous art museum features some of the best-known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.

As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery, I     2     (appreciate) masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players. Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen,     3     could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing. While it was hard     4     (pick) a favourite painting out of so many amazing works, the artists who made the deepest     5     (impress) on me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters, Claude Mone Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

I could see from Monet's works that he was     6     (great) inspired by nature. In the last three decades of his life he painted mostly scenes from his garden. One of these scenes     7    (show) in the famous piece Blue Water Lilies,     8     I studied for quite a while in the gallery. I couldn't believe it when I heard he did around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond, all     9     different colores and styles. It is     10     (amaze) that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.

Taking this volunteer trip to the Wildlife Sanctuary project was something I had wanted to do for several years. Unfortunately, I was busy with work. As     1     result, it was always something that I “might” do “eventually” rather than actually doing. Then, I decided it had to happen because it was of great     2     (important) to me. I made preparations, booked my trip, and slightly hesitantly headed off to the airport.

Literally after one day of volunteering, I was already regretting only having two weeks to stay. Every day was amazing and full of incredible    3     (experience). The days flew by because we were so busy working on the farm, hanging out and making new friends, and learning about the wildlife in a hands — on manner.     4     reality, the actual project was exciting and the people I met were similarly incredible. It’s crazy that in just a few weeks you can develop friendships that seem like you     5     (have) for years. Leaving can make people sad, but still, I can’t recommend the trip enough to anyone    6     is considering it. I’m sure they will fall in love with it.Besides, volunteering can be really     7     (benefit) to people.

Having arrived home, I already miss my days that    8     (fill) with things related to South Africa. I find     9     (I) constantly looking back at photos. I look forward to     10     (take) another trip.

Jack and I are good friends. We tried to walk across the United States of America. We’re not exactly sure why we were doing it. Part of     1     (its) was to test ourselves; to see     2     we could face the challenges. When I was a teenager, I often daydreamed that I was going to walk across the United States after     3    (graduate) from high school.    4     , I didn’t do that.

Before I knew it, I was     5    my thirties，married, a job, yet still had this idea in my mind with each passing year. I figured I was too old and my opportunity     6    (pass). Then, a few years ago, I met Jack, who     7     (be) thirty­five years old and quit his job as a civil engineer in New York City to walk across the United States. He wasn’t doing it for a cause as part of an organization. He was doing it     8    (simple) because he loved to walk and discover. The idea was back and I no longer had an excuse. We planned on averaging 20 miles a day and taking some days off     9    (rest), so we expected that the walk will take about 6 months, realizing it could take     10    (long). We were in no hurry: The total distance would have been about 3,100 miles.

Qian Zhongshu was a Chinese scholar and writer, known for his wit and erudition (博学). Despite failing in mathematics, Qian     1     (success) entered the Department of Foreign Languages under Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his     2     (excellence) performance in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was to become     3    successful playwright and translator, and     4     (marry) her in 1935. In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship     5     (promote) his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed for the University of Oxford in Britain. After     6     (spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a bachelor of literature. He studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France, and he didn't return to China     7    1938.

Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945,     8    was then under Japanese occupation. At that time he devoted     9     (he) to writing and many of his works were written or published then. A collection of short     10     (essay), Writing in the Margins of Life, was published in 1941. His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947. On the Art of Poetry, written in classical Chinese was issued in 1948.

I’m here today to share a good lesson with you. It is a true story about a student     1    studied in Germany.

After years of hard work, this student graduated with     2     (amaze) achievements. Everyone was sure that he was going to get a good job easily and have a bright future. But to his surprise, he was not even given the chance for     3    interview! The third time he     4     (refuse), he couldn’t help     5     (telephone) the company to ask why they didn’t want him. The answer was simple. “We don’t offer jobs to dishonest people in Germany.”

You might wonder what was wrong. The truth is, shortly after he     6     (arrive) in Germany, this clever student found that     7    was easy to avoid buying subway tickets in this country. So in order to save money, he often went in the subway without a ticket. As a result, he had been caught without a ticket many     8     (time).

From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits in dishonest ways,     9    the truth will come out sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember:     10     (honest) is the best behavior.