假设你是社区“老年之家”志愿者协会的负责人李明，近期准备组织老人们到公园踏春赏花。请就此活动写一份申请报告给社区相关负责人(申请报告中请不要出现真实的校名和人名)。你的申请报告需包括:
1. 此次活动的主旨和安排；
2. 需要社区提供的支持(如人员、经费等)。
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| A. approach B. architectural C. captured D. complicated E. defensive F. defined G. extension H. houses I. reflect J. shades K. status |
Why India’s ‘Pink City’ is a Photographer’s Heaven
The city of Jaipur is one of India’s wonders. It
A romantic dusty pink type—which has
Walking in glass skyscrapers for century-old royal palaces and historic castles, the pair—who have 130,000 Instagram followers between them—said that the images they
For the photographers, one of the city’s most fascinating features is the light pink coloring of its buildings. “The first gates you see when you enter are pink,” said Wong. “Once you’re through, everything around you varies in different
The building is a(n)
3 . All across America, students are anxiously finishing their “What I Want To Be …” college application essays, advised to focus on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) by experts and parents who insist that’s the only way to become workforce ready. But two recent studies of workplace success contradict the traditional wisdom about “hard skills”.
Google originally set its hiring systems to sort for computer science students with top grades from top science universities. In 2013, Google decided to test its hiring theory by quickly dealing with large amounts hiring, firing, and promotion data collected since the company’s establishment.
Project Oxygen shocked everyone by concluding that, among the eight most important qualities of Google’s top employees, STEM capability comes in dead last. The seven top characteristics of success at Google are all soft skills: being a good coach; communicating and listening well; possessing comprehension into others; being supportive of one’s colleagues; being a good critical thinker and problem solver; and being able to make connections across complex ideas.
Those characteristics sound more like what one gains as an English or theater major than as a programmer. Could it be that top Google employees were succeeding despite their technical training, not because of it? After bringing in more experts to dive even deeper into the data, the company enlarged its previous hiring practices to include humanities majors, artists, and even the MBAs (Master of Business Adminstration).
Project Aristotle, a study released by Google this past spring, further supports the importance of soft skills even in high-tech environments. Project Aristotle analyzes data on inventive and productive teams. Google takes pride in its A-teams, assembled with top scientists, each with the most specialized knowledge and able to throw down one creative idea after another. Its data analysis revealed, however, that the company’s most important and productive new ideas come from B-teams comprised of employees who don’t always have to be the smartest people in the room.
Project Aristotle shows that the best teams at Google exhibit a range of soft skills: equality, generosity, curiosity toward the ideas of your teammates, understanding, and emotional intelligence. And topping the list: emotional safety. To succeed, each and every team member must feel confident speaking up and making mistakes. They must know they are being heard.
STEM skills are vital to the world we live in today, but technology alone, as Steve Jobs famously insisted, is not enough. We desperately need those who are educated to the human, cultural, and social as well as the computational.
1. The underlined word “contradict” most probably means “_____”.| A．add to | B．back up | C．bring about | D．conflict with |
| A．determine what makes a workplace-ready student |
| B．check whether its hiring system serves the purpose |
| C．prove soft skills are more important than hard ones |
| D．impress its competitors with the employees’ excellence |
| A．Emotional safety enables people to express themselves freely. |
| B．Listening and hearing helps develop problem-solving abilities. |
| C．Learning from mistakes doesn’t necessarily mean improvement. |
| D．Those without specialized knowledge can also make inventions. |
| A．STEM skills our society needs for better education |
| B．The principal focus students have on application essays |
| C．The surprising thing Google learned about its employees |
| D．The soft skills Google programmers lack for career growth |
文章必须涵盖下列内容：
1、简单描述图片。
2、分析造成此现象的原因。
3、谈谈自己的看法。
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5 . While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.
Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”
Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”
Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?| A．Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress. |
| B．Women are still suffering much stress caused by men. |
| C．Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress. |
| D．Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress. |
| A．domestic and temporary. | B．irregular and violent. |
| C．durable and frequent. | D．trivial and random. |
| A．Alvarez cared about nothing but making money. |
| B．Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses. |
| C．Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs. |
| D．Alvarez paid practically everything by check. |
| A．Strain of Stress: No Way Out? |
| B．Responses to Stress: Gender Difference |
| C．Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say |
| D．Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress |
6 . Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.
One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images. Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.
Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parent’s educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads,” Anderson says.
Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.
For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.
1. Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?| A．Radio-listening. | B．Television-watching. |
| C．Parents’ reading list. | D．Parents’ educational background. |
| A．the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is |
| B．the younger a child is, the more he watches TV |
| C．the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV |
| D．the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school |
| A．To advise on the educational use of TV. |
| B．To describe TV’s harmful effects on children. |
| C．To explain traditional views on TV influences. |
| D．To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas. |
7 . A sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s history. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.
By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.
American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (火山口)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in the rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.
Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.
1. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.| A．available | B．incredible |
| C．reasonable | D．ridiculous |
| A．Because they were very resistant | B．Because there weren’t any then |
| C．Because they lived in isolated areas | D．Because they hid themselves in the caves |
| A．Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great Dying |
| B．75 percent of land life continued 250 million years ago |
| C．Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patterns |
| D．When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up. |
| A．The Dinosaurs’ End | B．Crater on Qomolangma |
| C．Contradictory Claims | D．A Meteor’s Impact |
In 1974, I graduated from Skyline High School in Oakland, California, an underachieving student with poor SAT scores. I couldn't afford tuition for college anyway.
For thousands of commuting students like me, Chabot was our Harvard, offering courses in physics, stenography, automechanics, certified public accounting, foreign languages, journalism and so on. Classmates included veterans ( 老 兵 )back from Vietnam, married women returning to school, middle-aged men wanting to improve their employment prospects and paychecks. We could get our general education requirements out of the way at Chabot — credits we could transfer to a university — which made those two years an invaluable head start.
Classes I took at Chabot have rippled (起涟漪)through my professional pond. I produced the HBO mini-series John Adams with an outline format I learned from a pipe-smoking historian, James Coovelis, whose lectures were interesting. Mary Lou Fitzgerald’s “Studies in Shakespeare” taught me how the five-act structures of Richard III, The Tempest, and Othello focused their themes.
In Herb Kennedy’s “Drama in Performance”， I read plays like The Hot L Baltimore and Desire Under the Elms, then saw their productions. I got to see the plays he taught, through student rush tickets at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco and the Berkeley Repertory Theatre.
If Chabot’s library still has its collection of vinyl records (黑胶唱片), you will find my name repeatedly on the takeout slip of Jason Robards’s performance of the monologue of Eugene O’Neill.
Chabot College is still in Hayward, though Mr. Coovelis, Ms. Fitzgerald and Mr. Kennedy are no longer there. I drove past the campus a few years ago with one of my kids and summed up my two years there this way: “
| A．I listened to it 20 times at least. |
| B．That place made me what I am today. |
| C．Community colleges have improved a lot these years. |
| D．Those plays filled my head with expanded dreams. |
| E．Of course, I enjoyed the pleasure of eating French fries between classes. |
| F．So I sent my test results to Chabot, a community college in nearby Hayward, California, which accepted everyone and was free. |
| A. reflection B. coaching C. attributes D. traits E. academic F proficiency G. integrity H. exposing I. flood J. extracurricular K. particularly |
We all hope that the values that are important to each of us are passed along to our children.
Often, however, that hope is challenged by a(n)
In the real world of jobs and career, people are judged by two standards: their professional skills and their personal
You really can’t start soon enough. After all, children need personal
If you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal phenomenon. It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes
The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life. today's children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby. Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbours and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel shy when they start school
A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one's culture. In a large study conducted in Japanl, 57% participants rated themselves as shy. Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, " One explanation is that in Japan, an individual's performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while failure is entire blamed on the person. "Therefore, Japanese learn not to take risks in public and rely instead on group-shared decisions.
Technology may also play a role. In the United State, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40% to 50% in recent years. Due to our huge advances in technology, watching TV, playing video games, and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of technology. face-to face interactions with bank clerks, gas station attendants, and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banking fill their gas tanks, and order goods. In short, they become shy.
It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives. Therefore, if you are shy, you have lots of company.
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