1.介绍训练营的相关安排(如时间、内容等)；
2.邀请的原因。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
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Yours,
Li Hua
The Power of Silence
Once a farmer lost his precious watch while working in his bar. It may have appeared as an ordinary watch to others, but held a deep sentimental value for it.
After searching high and low among the hay for a long time, the old farmer got exhausted. The tired farmer did not want to give up the search for his watch and requested a group of children playing outside the bar to help. He promised an attractive reward for the person who can find his beloved watch.
After hearing about the reward, the children hurried inside the barn and went through and round the entire stack of hay to find the watch. After a long time looking for a watch in the hay, some of the children got tired and gave up. The number of children looking for the watch slowly decreased and only a few tired children were left. The farmer gave up all his hope to find the watch and called off the search.
Just when the farmer was closing the door, a little boy came up to him and requested the farmer to give him another chance. The farmer did not want to miss any chance of finding the watch so let the little boy in the barn.
After a little while the little boy came out with the watch in his hand. The farmer was happily surprised and asked how the boy succeeded in getting the watch while everyone including him had failed.
The boy replied “just sat there tried listening to the ticking of the watch. In silence, it was much easier to listen to it and direct the search in the direction of the sound.”
The farmer was delighted to get the watch and rewarded the little boy as promised.
A peaceful mind can think better than a worked-up mind. Once in a while, allow a few minutes of silence to your mind. Sometimes all you need to do is relax and listen.
1. Why did the farmer request the children to help search for the watch?2. How did the boy find the watch?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The farmer did not want to disappoint the boy, so he let the little boy in the barn search for the watch.
4. In addition to helping us think better, what do you think are some other benefits of having a peaceful mind? (about 40 words)
3 . The future belongs to the flexible mind. This is the argument behind best-selling author Leonard Mlodinow’s new book, Elastic.
Do we need to develop a flexible mind?
Times and surroundings we live in demand a flexible style of thinking. In politics, we now have to cope with more scandals in a single year than we used to encounter in a lifetime. Meanwhile, the speed and processing power of computers makes it difficult for us to navigate a landscape in which the number of websites has been doubling every two to three years.
Logical thought is an analysis that can be described by an algorithm (算术) of the kind that computers follow. Elastic thought cannot. Logical thought is solved to help us face the everyday challenges of life while elastic thought helps us succeed when circumstances change.
One can also cultivate flexible thinking by adjusting one’s external conditions.
Studies show that sitting in a darkened room, or closing our eyes, can widen our perspective. Low ceilings, narrow corridors, and windowless offices have the opposite effect. Being able to think without any kind of time pressure is also important when striving for novel ideas.
Another way we can try is to pay special attention to one of our strongly held beliefs, take it seriously and recall times in the past that we were wrong about something, even though we’d been confident of being right. In fact, more generally, introducing a little disagreement to our intellectual interactions may also be helpful.
| A．The way we use and access them is also subject to frequent “disastrous changes”. |
| B．It examines the ever-increasing changes we find ourselves living through, and the ways of thinking best suited to them. |
| C．Flexible thinking comes naturally to all humans, but it may be blocked by our ability to tune out “crazy” idea. |
| D．In what way is it hard to think “flexibly”? |
| E．It is where our new ideas come from. |
| F．Just as important, interruptions are deadly. |
| G．How can we learn to be more flexible in our own thinking? |
4 . When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of lonely self-employment, there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work friends once again. It wasn’t until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being friends with colleagues didn’t emerge as a thing on the list at all. This is surprising when you consider the current common emphasis by scholars and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close interpersonal relationships at work. So much research has been done to explore the way in which collegial ties can help overcome a range of work place-issues affecting productivity and the quality of work output such as team-based conflict, jealousy, undermining, anger, and more.
Perhaps my expectations of lunches, watercooler’ gossip and caring, deep and meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment-Whereas now, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling without needing to be best mates with the people sitting next to you or form a close bond with them.
In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management, researchers have looked-at the concept of “indifferent relationships ”. It’s a simple term that illustrates the fact that relationships at work can reasonably be not close, not important, not sensible and even, dare I say it, disposable or replaceable.
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far indicates they’ re especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over conflict. Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially lazy. Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort, actually.
As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in resolving some of the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several proven benefits. One of those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and yielding (产出).
The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we’re prepared to compare ourselves to each other in what is an anxiety-provoking phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than close friends. Since the former is most common among those more likely involved in indifferent relationships, their predominance can boost individuals’ sense of self-worth.
Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one’s focus on task resolution, and to gain greater access to valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I’ll take it anyway
1. What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate world?| A．Making hew mends with this workmates was not as easy as he had thought. |
| B．Cultivating positive interpersonal relationships helped him shake off lonely feelings. |
| C．Building close relationships with his colleagues was not as important as he had expected. |
| D．Working in the corporate world requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment. |
| A．They should be cultivated. |
| B．They are actual irrelevant. |
| C．They are vital to corporate culture. |
| D．They should be reasonably intimate. |
| A．They feel uncomfortable when engaging in social interactions. |
| B．They often find themselves in confrontation with their colleagues. |
| C．They lack basic communication skills in dealing with interpersonal issues. |
| D．They are unwilling to make efforts to maintain workplace relationships. |
| A．They provide fun at work. |
| B．They improve work efficiency. |
| C．They help resolve differences. |
| D．They help control emotions. |
5 . We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3:45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3:30 am and Richard Branson at 5:45 am- - -and, as we know, “The early bird catches the worm.” Indeed, it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed.
But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a trait most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am. makes you want to roll over and hit snooze until next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life?
For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. It’s estimated that some 50% of the population isn’t really morning- oriented or evening oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright-eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effect can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at10 pm or being regularly late for work.
Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self-directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they are less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke.
Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night-time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning types- and a little bit wealthier.
Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 am just, yet, as it turns out, overhauling (大修) your sleep times may not have much effect.
“If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulf. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin (褪黑激素 ). “Then, you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative, physiological consequences,” Wulff says like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose (葡萄糖) which can cause weight gain.
1. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraphs?| A．Neither night owls no morning persons perform better than the middle ones. |
| B．To beat night-time people, ask them to do maths calculation in the morning. |
| C．Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth. |
| D．Morning types are more conservative but more optimistic. |
| A．Don’t fall asleep in front of the TV. |
| B．Better not overhaul your sleep times. |
| C．Stop sting your alarm for 5 am. |
| D．Avoid being-regularly late for work. |
| A．raising the problem→analysing the problem→solving the problem. |
| B．presenting author’s viewpoint → providing supporting proofs→making a conclusion. |
| C．leading in the topic→challenging a viewpoint → discussing about the topic. |
| D．introducing a viewpoint -raising the question→presenting author’s viewpoint. |
| A．To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm. |
| B．To compare the differences between early risers and night owls. |
| C．To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late. |
| D．To explain why some people are more successful. |
| What we do The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) responds quickly and efficiently to help people affected by armed conflict. We also respond to disasters in, conflict zones, because the effects of a disaster are compounded if a county is already at war. | |
| Coronavirus: COVID-19 pandemic For people living in conflict zones, the pandemic spread of coronavirus disease (also known as COVID-19) represents a dramatic threat to life. Health systems are destroyed by war, and it could be difficult for people in these areas to prioritize actions related to the coronavirus COVID-19 as there could be many other more immediate threats to life, such as gunfire and bombings. | Enabling people with disabilities& physical rehabilitation In addition to developing our own. Prosthetics technology we have acquired a high level of expertise and attach great importance to maintaining support for a project over many years. As well as providing physical recovery services, we help people with disabilities play a full part in society. This includes promoting the setting up of small business, providing professional training and promoting sport. |
| Migrants, refugees, shelter seekers The ICRC has adopted a broad description of migrants, to involve all people who leave or flee from their home to seek safety or better prospects abroad, and who may be in disaster and need of protection or humanitarian assistance. Refugees and shelter seekers, who are entitled to specific protection under international law, are included in this description. | Access to education Around the world, millions of people affected by armed conflict and other situations of violence are unable to get an education. The fighting can destroy or damage education facilities, it can make it unsafe to get to school and to be in school. In prolonged (旷日持久的) conflicts, entire generations can remain without education due to economic hardship and to poorly resourced and weakened education systems. This increases social and economic vulnerabilities and raises the risk of exclusion and abuse for many people, particularly girls. For people affected by armed conflict and other situations of violence, the ability to continue or to restart their education is among their top priorities. Education enables people to live and rebuild their lives with dignity and provides them with knowledge and skills to make important decisions about their life, livelihood, and well-being. |
| A．particularly difficult for the girls only in prolonged conflicts |
| B．spoiled in conflict zones due to the loss of education facilities |
| C．the least important thing for those suffering from the war |
| D．effective in helping people flee their homes |
| A．The entire generations who have suffered so long from war may go without education. |
| B．All people away from home or in need take part in the charity campaign for migrants. |
| C．The ICRC not only provide physical recovery services but also help the disabled to play sports through professional training. |
| D．The victims of war also consider the prevention of COVID-19 the most important. |
| A．a newspaper |
| B．the ICRC official website |
| C．a booklet of charity activities |
| D．an academic journal |
The Battle at Lake Changjin tells the story of CPV (Chinese People’s Volunteers) soldiers fighting bravely in
I love music. When I was 16, I formed my first band
9 . I have met many westerners who do not feel anything to put their feet on the table while sitting on the chair.
For Myanmarese, the head is the most sacred（神圣的）part of the human body while the feet are the most inferior part.
So, if you want to win the heart of your Myanmarese friends, next time when you drop in on him or he visits you, try not to put your feet on the living room table or point your feet towards him. Indeed, your feet should never be pointing to the direction of a person or a sacred place.
Possibly, your Myanmarese friend will not say anything even if you do it. But it does not mean that he is OK with your behavior or approves of your behavior.
| A．This seems a normal habit to them. |
| B．In his heart he will consider you as a rude person. |
| C．Whatever you do, don't touch the head of a Myanmarese. |
| D．This is the rule that you must strictly follow in Myanmar. |
| E．Being the lowest part, they are also considered the dirtiest part. |
| F．For Myunurese，the dirty part should only be in the lowest place. |
| G．Myannmarese people do not express themselves as directly as Westerners. |
10 . Have you ever heard of invisible ink? You may have seen it in movies. When light is shone on the paper which invisible ink is written on, you can read it!
As magical as this seems, the change in color is due to science. The ink is absorbing higher energy light and giving lower energy light. This reaction is an example of fluorescence（荧光）.
Light is a very broad term that describes a range of electromagnetic rays, including gamma rays, infrared light（红外光）and ultraviolet light. One part of the electromagnetic visible light is the colors that we can see with the human eye. These rays travel in curvy lines and each type of the ray is characterized by a different wave pattern. For example, Gamma rays have a shorter wavelength than infrared light. Shorter wavelength is connected with higher energy, so gamma rays also have more energy than infrared light.
Corals（珊瑚）are animals that live underwater. And the corals in the Red Sea exhibit fluorescence. Why is this happening? Scientists have shown that fluorescent objects absorb higher energy light and release lower energy light. Since the corals of the Red Sea are deep in the water where there is very little visible light, scientists theorize that these corals absorb ultraviolet light and produce visible light. They have special photo proteins, which enable them to change invisible light to visible light.
Fluorescence is not just used to create pretty colors. Corals have developed photo proteins for a biological reason. The visible light is used by algae（海藻）, which are eaten by the coral, to make food through photosynthesis（光合作用）. The visual character of these photo proteins could also be used for biomedical research. They can highlight cells and cell structures under a microscope.
Isn't it amazing that a simple organism that we don't think very much of is not only grand but could also have so many potential uses in medical research!
1. The author mentioned invisible ink to________.| A．describe its various uses in movies |
| B．analyze the many changes in colors |
| C．prove the magical power of science |
| D．give an explanation of fluorescence |
| A．They take in higher energy light. |
| B．They cannot live in visible light. |
| C．They are invisible deep in water. |
| D．They produce more infrared light. |
| A．To make full use of photosynthesis. |
| B．To make their appearances colorful. |
| C．To provide light for algae to make food. |
| D．To defend themselves from being eaten. |
