2 . 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，下一届青运会（The Youth Games ）将在你们城市举行，现在正在招募志愿者，你想成为其中一员，请你用英文给组委会写一封电子邮件，内容应包括：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 申请理由；
3. 自身优势.
注意:1.100 词左右；
2.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

3 . A video circulated on social media earlier this year, showing a tourist opening the door of a vehicle, reaching out an arm and attempting to stroke a passing lion. The lion shrugged the tourist off, but it could have easily gone horribly wrong.

Reckless behaviour around wildlife risks the safety of both people and animals. People risk being attacked, mauled (撕咬) and possibly killed, while animals can be harmed, removed or even put down, regardless of whether they were only defending themselves. Animal attacks can also cast a destination in a negative light, causing temporary closures or scaring off visitors. All just so someone could boast that they had stroked a lion or captured a moment on a camera phone.

“Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media.” says wildlife photographer Anette Mosshachers. “People risking their lives or doing stupid things with wildlife are after ‘likes’ and followers, something to show off on social media,” says Mossbacher. “The greater the risk, the more ‘likes’ they get. With some clients, it seems like a sickness or addiction.”

Yet social media is not entirely to blame. People have always taken risks for an experience. Foolish behavior and a tendency to get cocky around dangerous animals must have been around since the dawn of humanity. A hunger for attention online might drive some of the current madness, but some individuals might be trying to recreate a piece of the action they have seen on television. Perhaps the adrenaline (肾上腺激素) rush when close to wild animals causes a disappearance of common sense.

“There’s a worrying lack of awareness that animals several times our size, weight, speed and strength can easily hurt us,” says wildlife photographer David Lloyd. “I don’t think parks are doing enough to raise awareness. Tourists need to know how their presence can affect wildlife. A good example is cheetahs (猎豹) on vehicle rooftops. It may be a thrill for the bystanders, but the consequences if a mother cheetah falls off would be severe. She would no longer be able to hunt, so her cubs could easily starve.”

“People aren’t getting the education about why they need to stay away from wildlife, including avoiding diseases, keeping people secure and letting wildlife be wild,” says Philip Muruthi, vice president of species conservation and science for the African Wildlife Foundation. “We need to educate tourists through signs, pamphlets and frontline drivers. We should stick to guidelines, and there needs to be enforcement through the law.”

1. What can we learn about reckless behaviour around wildlife?

A．It may get animals killed for defending themselves.

B．It may bring more profits to a tourist destination.

C．It enables tourists to get intimate with animals.

D．It harms tourists more than animals.

2. As for Mossbacher’s opinion on what drives people’s reckless behavior, the author is______.

A．sympathetic

B．disapproving

C．indifferent

D．doubtful

3. What does the underlined word “cocky” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．over-sensitive.

B．over-confident

C．over-frightened.

D．over-shocked.

4. What can we conclude from the passage?

A．Punishment rather than education can stop people taking silly risks around wildlife.

B．Parks are expected to take more responsibilities for educating tourists.

C．More regulation of the tourist industry is the key to raising tourists’ awareness.

D．Raising tourists’ awareness means stressing the danger of animals to them.

4 . Small batteries are big problems, but nobody really pays attention to where they end up. Researchers at the Cellulose & Wood Materials Laboratory are working to address this problem. Their new research paper describes a water-activated paper battery developed from environmentally friendly materials that could eventually present a sustainable alternative to the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.

The paper battery has the same key components as standard batteries but packages them differently. Like a typical chemical battery, it has a positively charged side called a cathode, a negatively charged side called an anode, and a conductive material called an electrolyte (电解质) between the two. A traditional battery’s components are enclosed in plastic and metal; in the new battery, the anode and cathode are inks printed onto the front and back of a piece of paper. That paper is filled with salt, which dissolves (溶解) when the paper is dampened with water. The resulting saltwater solution acts as the electrolyte.

Sustainable materials were a precondition for the researchers, who considered only safe and plentiful ingredients to create their device. “We were fairly confident that we would have something that would work in the end, but developing these materials and ink systems is challenging,” says Gustav Nyström, senior author of the study.

After trying hundreds of formulations for the battery components, the researchers settled on a graphite ink to make the cathode, a zinc ink for the anode, and salt-filled paper to create the electrolyte.

When the paper is dry, the battery is shelf-stable. Add just a couple of drops of water, however, and the salt dissolves, allowing electrons to flow. Once the paper is dampened, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance declines as the paper dries. When the scientists re-wet the paper during testing, the battery regained functionality and lasted an hour before beginning to dry out again.

Although the researchers demonstrated that their battery could power an alarm clock, the paper batteries are unlikely to replace standard ones on store shelves. Nyström envisions a future where these paper batteries could make their way into products within the next two to five years. “The performance that you see on this device, I think, is enough for a lot of other applications already,” he says. It is mostly a matter of increasing production and integrating the batteries into systems such as diagnostic tests and environmental sensors.”

1. How is the paper battery similar to the standard battery?

A．The key components are environmentally friendly.

B．They are both packaged in plastic and metal.

C．They both have two charged sides and an electrolyte.

D．Both batteries can operate for only an hour.

2. ________ is the condition for the paper battery to work.

A．Heating the salt	B．Charging the electrons
C．Drying out the battery	D．Wetting the paper

3. Nyström will most likely agree with the prediction that ________.

A．major technological breakthrough will be made in the near future

B．all home appliances will be powered by paper batteries

C．the future for a wide application of paper batteries is not far off

D．paper batteries will have longer shelf life than traditional ones

5 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Nearly two decades have passed since China     1    (send) the first Beidou satellite into space in 2000. During that time, more Beidou satellites were sent into orbit (轨道),     2     (form) the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began providing positioning, navigation, timing and messaging     3     (service) to people in China and other parts of the Asia-Pacific region. At the end of 2018, BDS started to serve users worldwide. Now with two more Beidou satellites     4     (launch) on Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in orbit.

8 . The Land Under the Sea

Ten thousand years ago, as the last ice age ended, sea levels around the world were far lower than they are today. Much of the land under both the North Sea to the east of Britain and the English Channel which now separates France and Britain was part of a huge region of forests and grassy plains. Then the climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in large masses of ice was released.

Now the development of advanced sonar (声纳) technology, known as bathymetry, is making it possible to study this flooded landscape in extraordinary detail. A special echo (回声) sounder is fixed to the bottom of a survey ship and it makes wide sweeps across the seabed. While previous technology has only been able to produce two-dimensional images, bathymetry can now use computers, satellite-positioning equipment and special software to create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. For the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps out of the three-dimensional image. The site of pre-historic settlements can now be pinpointed.

According to expert Linda Andrews, this technological development is of huge significance. “We now have the ability to map the seabed as accurately as we can map dry land,” she says.

Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where people might have built their homes and villages, divers can be sent down to investigate further. Robot submarines (潜艇) can also be used, and researchers hope they will find stone tools and wood from houses as proof of human activity. The idea shared by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island kingdom will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited for about 500,000 years and much of this time it has been linked on and off to continental Europe. It remains to be seen how far this new awareness is taken on board, however.

In fact, the use of bathymetry will not be limited to the study of lost landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. In addition, commercial applications are a real possibility. Aggregates (骨材) for the construction industry are becoming increasingly expensive, and bathymetry can be used to identify suitable sites for digging for this material. Mapping the seabed will also identify places where rare plants and shellfish are living. Digging at such sites should be prevented, either to work for a profit or to make deeper waterways for massive container ships.

1. How does bathymetry work?

A．It has an echo sounder placed on the seabed.

B．It makes use of a number of different devices.

C．It produces two-dimensional images of the sea floor.

D．It bases its calculations on the location of construction sites.

2. The author believes a better understanding of the settlements on the seabed may ______.

A．attract investment in the research under the sea

B．inspire people to take an interest in modern technology

C．adapt the attitudes of the British to their country’s history

D．receive confirmation of rebuilding ancient man-made objects

3. We can learn that the use of bathymetry will help to ______.

A．identify new species of plants and animals	B．provide the precise location of sunken ships
C．evaluate the cost of seeking certain resources	D．promote the development of deeper waterways