1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. prizes B. program     C. stages       D. contestants     E. seek       F. right G. normally H. asking     I. benefited J. incorrect        K. broadcasted

Honestly speaking, I’m not a huge fan of TV. When I’m at leisure, I’d rather browse some websites or enjoy a nice movie online. Anyhow, I do have a favorite TV     1    —“Happy Dictionary”, which is a quiz show. In this program, a wide range of     2     are offered to the winners. It’s kind of like “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire”, a famous quiz show in America.

In the beginning, the hostess will introduce the five    3    . Then they will be presented a question. The one who answers the question correctly and quickly will be given an opportunity to take the quiz. The quiz is divided into three or four     4    , I can’t remember exactly how many right now. Anyway, the contestant can get each prize after going through each stage. The prizes are randomly decided by participant himself before the quiz, e.g. a computer, a laptop, a digital camera, a free package holiday, things like that. There are three questions in each stage, The way the hostess asks these questions makes the quiz more difficult. For example, when the contestant has given an answer, the hostess will confuse him by asking whether he is sure or not. Someone might at this time change the     5     answer into a wrong one. I really enjoy this part. The contestant can     6     help for only three times during the whole procedure by calling a friend,     7     the audience to vote for the right answer or letting the computer erase one of the wrong answer. Most of the questions are multiple choices.

This program     8     lasts for an hour and is usually     9     at 9:00 pm. For all these years, I think I have     10     a lot from watching this quiz show. Unlike all the sitcoms (情景剧), this is the kind of program in which I can get to participate and rack my brains (苦思冥想).

2 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. allowed        B. broadcast        C. checked            D. complaints          E. degrade F. entertain       G. fictional       H. figures       I. remote       J. series        K. unpleasant

Reality TV began in the early 1980s, when a Japanese television company made a programme, Endurance. Starting with thousands of contestants in the first show, the programme presenters made them do really difficult and     1     things in every episode(集). The presenters made fun of the contestants, too. Viewing     2     in Japan were enormous.

In another reality TV programme, Survivor, sixteen people are taken to a(n)     3     island and made to stay there for more than a month. They have to find their own food or go hungry. The producers let the contestants take one luxury item each. Every three days, one contestant must leave the island and the last person wins £1 million.

It's not just adults who take part in these shows. A television     4     in Britain in 2003, That'll teach 'em, took 30 teenagers and put them in a(n)     5     King's school, where they lived for one month and received 1950s-style tuition. The pupils were made to wear thick 1950s school uniforms (including a school hat) during the hot summer and they had to do a long run every day. "They made us have cold showers and we had to have our hands     6     every day to see if they were clean," says one pupil. "We couldn't take anything from our modern lives into the school." Although there was no prize money in this programme, the teenagers learned a lot from the experience.

In 2004, there was a programme in Britain where contestants were not     7     to sleep for seven days to try to win £ 97,000 prize money. The winner was 19-year-old Clare Southern. However, this programme had many     8     from viewers.

But where will it stop? Programmes like this are     9     all over the world. But there was people who think that these programmes     10     both the contestants and the viewers, and feel that contestants are often made to do dangerous things to make good television.

3 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. feed        B. crucial        C. remarkable        D. bond          AB. novel          AC. captured AD. reinforcement        BC. relate          BD. deliberate          CD. carved        ABC. associate

Since its launch in September 2016, TikTok has taken the social media world by storm. Reaching half a billion active users worldwide in just under 2 years, it is the fastest app ever to reach that milestone.

From the creator-first user experience to their flawlessly-executed global expansion, the Chinese video-sharing social network's meteoric rise has been nothing short of     1    . TikTok's secret sauce, however, could well be found by looking into something far simpler than their algorithms(算法) and marketing tactics. Human evolution.

Over the course of human history, as our ancestors began to live in larger and more complex social structures, the quality of our relationships became more     2     to our survival. As the size of our networks increased around 10 million years ago, humans began developing a series of more advanced social behaviours that allowed us to connect larger groups and communities together.

The first new behaviour was laughter. Laughter kicks our endorphins system into action, releasing feel-good hormones that relieve pain and increase pleasure. In doing so, we also create pathways that support the formation,     3    , and maintenance of social bonds with other humans.

Next came dancing and singing. Around 500,000 years ago, our social networks had dramatically increased in size again, tripling to approximately 150. At that point, humans needed even more sophisticated ways to     4     with their social networks. It is then that scientists believe that music was 'invented' and that we first learned to sing and dance.

Singing and dancing are intensely social and highly synchronised activities. They too release the same powerful endorphins as laughter. If you've ever been to a live music event or sung along to your national anthem in a major sporting event, you will certainly be able to     5     to the euphoria this brings.

It is no wonder then that TikTok, a video-sharing app built entirely on people singing (or lip synching), dancing and laughter, has so quickly     6     the minds of so many people. The app is in essence an infinite     7     of endorphin-inclucing content that triggers a strong sense of unity and belonging within us as we consume each video.

Whether it was through     8     design decisions or a happy coincidence, the app's creators have successfully     9     their niche(商机)in an extremely competitive vertical through more than just smart technology or well-executed marketing. TikTok's rocket fuel has been derived from simply understanding and leveraging the human psychology that underpins the offline social world.

In an era where questions are being asked of whether incumbent social platforms are really connecting us, perhaps we will see     10     opportunities for social apps to do much better by bringing more of our offline social behaviours online. With COVID-19 highlighting the importance of offline social interaction and human connection, the market is certainly more ripe than ever for further disruption.